NFPA 1925 Standard onMarine Fire-Fighting Vessels

Chapter 1 Administration

• This standard shall provide minimum requirements for marine fire-fighting vessels.
• This standard shall also provide minimum maintenance and testing requirements for marine fire-fighting vessels.
• The purpose of this standard shall be to provide the minimum requirements for the construction of new marine fire-fighting vessels or for the conversion of existing vessels to become marine fire-fighting vessels.
• This standard is not intended to serve as a detailed manufacturing or purchase specification, but it shall be permit­ted to be referenced in purchase specifications as minimum requirements.

1.2.3 This standard is not intended to serve as a staffing docu­ment for marine fire-fighting vessels.

• This standard shall apply to both the construction of new vessels and the conversion of existing vessels for fire-fighting purposes.
• This standard shall not be retroactive unless an existing vessel is undergoing a major conversion to become a marine fire-fighting vessel.
•  
• Nothing herein shall be construed as reducing relevant government regulations regarding marine fire-fighting vessels.
• Nothing in this standard is intended to prevent the use of systems, methods, or devices of equivalent or superior qual­ity, strength, fire resistance, effectiveness, durability, and safety over those prescribed by this standard.
• The technical documentation shall be submitted to the authority having jurisdiction to demonstrate equivalency.
• The system, method, or device shall be approved for the intended purpose by the authority havingjurisdiction.
• In this standard, values for measurement are followed by an equivalent in SI units, but only the first stated value shall be considered as the requirement.
• Equivalent values in parentheses shall not be considered as the requirement as these values might be approximate.

Chapter 2 Referenced Publications

• The documents or portions thereof listed in this chapter are referenced within this standard and shall be considered part of the requirements of this document.
• NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471.

NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2018 edition. NFPA 11, Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam, 2016 edition.

NFPA 12, Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems, 2018 edition.

NFPA 72®, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code®, 2016 edition.

NFPA 302, Fire Protection Standard for Pleasure and Commercial Motor Craft, 2015 edition.

NFPA 303, Fire Protection Standard for Marinas and Boatyards, 2016 edition.

NFPA 720, Standard for the Installation of Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detection and Warning Equipmen t, 2015 edition.

NFPA 1005, Standard for Professional Qualifications for Marine Fire Fighting for Land-Based Fire Fighters, 2014 edition.

NFPA 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety, Health, and Wellness Program, 2018 edition.

NFPA 1931, Standard for Manufacturer’s Design of Fire Depart­ment Ground Ladders, 2015 edition.

NFPA 1961, Standard on Fire Hose, 2013 edition.

NFPA 1963, Standard for Fire Hose Connections, 2014 edition. NFPA 1964, Standard for Spray Nozzles, 2018 edition. NFPA 1981, Standard on Open-Circuit Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) for Emergency Services, 2013 edition.

NFPA 1983, Standard on Life Safety Rope and Equipment for Emergency Services, 2017 edition.

NFPA 2001, Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems, 2015 edition.

2.3 Other Publications.

• ABS Publications. American Bureau of Shipping, 16855 Northchase Drive, Houston, TX 77060.

ABS Guidance Notes on Fire-Fighting Systems, 2005, updated 2015.

ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification – High Speed Craft, 2014.

ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, 2015.

ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Service on Rivers and Intracoastal Waterways, 2015.

ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels Under 90 Meters (295 ft) in Length, 2015.

• ABYC Publications. American Boat and Yacht Council, 613 Third Street, Suite 10, Annapolis, MD 21403.

ABYC A-4, Fire Fighting Equipment, July 2008.

ABYC A-24, Carbon Monoxide Detection Systems, July 2007.

ABYC A-27, Alternating Current (AC) Generator Sets, July 2004.

ABYC A-28, Galvanic Isolators, 2014.

ABYC A-31, Battery Chargers and Inverters, 2013.

ABYC E-2, Cathodic Protection, 2013.

ABYC E-10, Storage Batteries,July 2011.

ABYC E-ll, Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC) Electrical Systems on Boats, July 2012.

ABYC H-2, Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline, 2013.

ABYC H-3, Windows, Windshields, Exterior Hatches, Doors, Port Lights and Glazing Materials, July 2014.

ABYC H-24, Gasoline Fuel Systems, July 2012.

ABYC H-25, Portable Gasoline Fuel Systems, July 2010, reaf­firmed 2013.

ABYC H-26, Powering of Boats, July 2011.

ABYC H-32, Ventilation of Boats Using Diesel Fuel, 2008, reaf­firmed 2013.

ABYC H-33, Diesel Fuel Systems, 2009.

ABYC H-40, Anchoring Mooring, and Lifting, July 2014.

ABYC P-l, Installation of Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines, 2014.

ABYC P-4, Marine Inboard Engines and Transmissions, July 2012.

ABYC P-6, Propeller Shafting Systems, July 2010.

ABYC P-l 4, Mechanical Propulsion Control Systems, December 2010.

ABYC P-l 7, Steering Systems for Outboard, Inboard, Sterndrive, and Water Jet Drive Boats, July 2013.

ABYC P-18, Cable over Pulley Steering Systems for Outboard Engines,]\i\y 2013.

ABYC P-21, Manual Hydraulic Steering Systems, July 2012.

ABYC P-22, Steering Wheels, July 2013.

ABYC P-23, Steering and Propulsion Controls for Jet Boats, July 2012.

ABYC P-24, Electric/Electronic Propulsion Control Systems, July 2013.

ABYC S-12, Outboard Motor Transom and Motor Well Dimensions, July 2010.

ABYC S-30, Outboard Engine and Related Equipment Weights, July 2012.

ABYC Standards and Technical Information Reports for Small Craft, July 2012.

• ASME Publications. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990.

ASME B 1.20.1, Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch), 2013.

• ASTM Publications. ASTM International, 100 Ban- Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428- 2959.

ASTM F683, Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Thermal Insulation for Piping and Machinery, 2010.

• AWS Publications. American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 Street, Suite #130, Miami, FL 33166-6672.

AWS B2.1/B2.1M, Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification, 2014.

• CGA Publications. Compressed Gas Association, 14501 George Carter Way, Suite 103, Chantilly, VA 20151

CGA G-7.1, Commodity Specification for Air, 2011.

• IMO Publications. International Maritime Organiza­tion, 4, Albert Embankment, London, SE1 7SR, United King­dom.

IMO A 18, Resolution 749, Code on Intact Stability for All Types of Ships Covered by IMO Instruments, 1993 edition.

• ISO Publications. International Organization for Stand­ardization, ISO Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blan- donnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland.

ISO/IEC Guide 65, General requirements for bodies operating product certification systems, 2012.

ISO 12217-1, Small Craft — Stability and Buoyancy Assessment and Categorization — Part 1: Non-Sailing Boats of Hull Length Greater Than or Equal to 6 m, 2013.

ISO/IEC 17020, General criteria for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspection, 2012.

• S. Government Publications. U.S. Government Publishing Office, 732 North Gapitol Street, NW, Washington, DG 20401-0001.

Title 33, Gode of Federal Regulations, Parts 1-124, “Naviga­tion Rules,” July 2000.

Title 33, Gode of Federal Regulations, Parts 1251-1387, “Federal Water Pollution Control Act,” 2002.

Title 46, Gode of Federal Regulations, Parts 24-28 (Subchap­ter G), “Uninspected Vessels,” Oct. 2001.

Title 46, Gode of Federal Regulations, Parts 50-64 (Subchap­ter F), “Marine Engineering,” Oct. 2001.

Title 46, Gode of Federal Regulations, Part 56, “Piping Systems and Appurtenances,” Oct. 2002.

Title 46, Gode of Federal Regulations, Part 111, “Electric Systems — General Requirements,” Oct. 2002.

Title 46, Gode of Federal Regulations, Part 112, “Emergency Lighting and Power Systems,” Oct. 2002.

Title 46, Gode of Federal Regulations, Parts 175-187 (Subchapter T), “Small Passenger Vessels (Under 100 Gross Tons),” 2015.

Title 46, Gode of Federal Regulations, Part 197, “Marine Occupational Safety and Health Standards,” Oct. 2015.

Navigation and Vessel Inspection Circular (NVIC) No. 9-97, Change 1, Guide to Structural Fire Protection, U.S. Coast Guard, July 2010.

• Other Publications.

Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, Merriam- Webster, Inc., Springfield, MA, 2003.

2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections.

NFPA 11, Stan dard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam, 2016 edition.

NFPA 20, Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection, 2016 edition.

NFPA 58, Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code, 2017 edition.

NFPA 70®, National Electrical (Me®, 2017 edition.

NFPA 302, Fire Protection Standard for Pleasure and Commercial Motor Craft, 2015 edition.

NFPA 1405, Guide for Land-Based Fire Departments That Respond to Marine Vessel Fires, 2016 edition.

NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus, 2016 edition.

NFPA 1906, Standard for Wildland Fire Apparatus, 2016 edition.

NFPA 1983, Standard on Life Safety Rope and Equipment for Emergency Services, 2017 edition.

Chapter 3 Definitions

3.1 General. The definitions contained in this chapter shall apply to the terms used in this standard. Where terms are not defined in this chapter or within another chapter, they shall be defined using their ordinarily accepted meanings within the context in which they are used. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, shall be the source for the ordinarily accepted meaning.

• NFPA Official Definitions.

3.2.1* Approved. Acceptable to the authority having jurisdic­tion.

3.2.2* Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure.

3.2.3 Labeled. Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of an organ­ization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with product evaluation, that maintains peri­odic inspection of production of labeled equipment or materi­als, and by whose labeling the manufacturer indicates compliance with appropriate standards or performance in a specified manner.

3.2.4* Listed. Equipment, materials, or services included in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of products or services, that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials or periodic evalua­tion of services, and whose listing states that either the equip­ment, material, or service meets appropriate designated standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose.

• Indicates a mandatory requirement.
• Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required.
• An NFPA Standard, the main text of which contains only mandatory provisions using the word “shall” to indicate requirements and that is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adoption into law. Nonmandatory provisions are not to be considered a part of the requirements of a standard and shall be located in an appendix, annex, footnote, informational note, or other means as permitted in the NFPA Manuals of Style. When used in a generic sense, such as in the phrase “standards development process” or “standards development activities,” the term “standards” includes all NFPA Standards, including Codes, Standards, Recommended Practices, and Guides.
• General Definitions.
• An agreement between the purchasing authority and the contractor that the terms and conditions of the contract have been met. [1906, 20161
• Acceptance Tests. In marine fire-fighting vessels, tests performed on behalf of the purchaser by the manufacturer’s representative at the time of delivery to determine compliance to the authority having jurisdiction requirements.
• Capable of being reached for inspection, maintenance, or removal without disturbing the permanent structure.

3.3.3.1 Readily Accessible. Capable of being reached quickly for operation, renewal, or inspections, without requiring those to whom ready access is requisite to climb over or remove obstacles or to resort to portable ladders, and so forth. [70:1001

• Accommodation Spaces. Spaces designed for human occupancy as living spaces for persons aboard a vessel.
• A device designed to engage the bottom of a waterway and, through its resistance to drag, maintain a vessel within a given radius.
• Anchor Chocks. See 3.3.16.1.
• Anchor Rode. The line connecting an anchor with a vessel.

3.3.8* Anode. A metal that in an electrolyte assumes a more electronegative charge than the one to which it is coupled. (See also 3.3.15, Cathode.)

• The lowest inner part of a ship’s hull. [1405, 2016]
• Any of the deck posts, often found in pairs, around which ropes or cables are wound and held fast.

3.3.11* Bitter End. That end of a rope or cable that is wound around a bitt.

3.3.12 Boarding Ladder. A device used for boarding a vessel from the water, including handles, rails, ladders, steps, or plat­forms.

3.3.13* Bridge. The vessel’s command and control area, usually enclosed, containing the principal helm, navigation systems, communications systems, and monitoring equipment for the vessel’s operating systems.

3.3.14 Category A Machinery Space. Spaces and trunks to such spaces that contain either internal combustion machinery used for main propulsion, internal combustion machinery used for purposes other than main propulsion where such machi­nery has in the aggregate a total power output of not less than 375 kW, or any oil-fired boiler, oil fuel unit, or oil-fired equip­ment other than boilers, such as inert gas generators, incinera­tors, and so forth.

3.3.15* Cathode. A metal that in an electrolyte assumes a more electropositive charge than the one to which it is coupled. (See also 3.3.8, Anode.)

• Usually found on the rail or deck of a vessel, fittings having jaws that serve as fair leads for anchor rode and other lines.

3.3.16.1 Anchor Chocks. Fittings on a deck of a vessel used to stow an anchor when it is not in use.

• Class A or Class B Foams. See 3.3.31, Foam.
• Fitting attached to the vessel used to secure an anchor rode or other line to the vessel.
• Close-Off Pressure. The maximum pressure the pump is capable of developing at zero discharge flow.
• Convenient Reach. In marine fire-fighting vessels, the ability to operate controls without excessive movement from a fixed position such as a seat or safety harness.
• Anyone associated with the onboard operation of the vessel.
• dBA Decibel, “A” scale.
• Deck Rail. See 3.3.52, Life Rail, Deck Rail, or Lifeline.

3.3.24 Dynamic Suction Lift. The sum of the vertical lift and the friction and entrance loss caused by the flow through the suction strainers, sea chest, and piping, expressed in feet (meters).

3.3.25* Eductor. A device that uses the Venturi principle to siphon a liquid in a water stream.

3.3.26* Electrolyte. A liquid in which an electric current is easily conducted.

• Emergency medical services.
• Fire Hazard Area.

3.3.28.1* Major Fire Hazard Area. Any compartment, space, or duct where the proximity of combustible materials, flammable liquids, and potential sources of ignition can promote a fire.

3.3.28.2 Minor Fire Hazard Area. Includes accommodation, service, and public spaces where the proximity of combusti­ble materials, flammable liquids, and potential sources of ignitions doesn’t promote a fire.

• Fire Monitor. See 3.3.58, Monitor.
• Fire-Fighting Vessel. Any vessel whose primary mission is fire-fighting and pumping operations, including emergency operations.

3.3.31* Foam. A stable aggregation of bubbles of lower density than oil or water. 

• The vertical distance between the sheer and the waterline.
• Galvanic Corrosion. The corrosion that occurs at the anode of a galvanic couple caused by the flow of ions between dissimilar metals in an electrolyte and electron flow within the dissimilar metals.
• Galvanic Isolator. A device installed in series with the ac grounding (green, or green with yellow stripe) conductor of the shore power cable to block, in effect, the low voltage dc galvanic current flow, yet permit the passage of ac current normally associated with the ac grounding (green, or green with yellow stripe) conductor. 
• Galvanically Compatible. Metals that are close to each other in the galvanic series.
• Abbreviation of metacentric height. (See also 3.3.5 7, Metacentric Height.)
• Gallons per minute.
• Grab Rail. See 3.3.44, Handhold Device or Grab Rail.
• The electrical potential of the earth’s surface. The boat’s ground is established by a conducting connection (intentional or accidental) with the earth, including any conductive part of the wetted surface of a hull. [302, 20151
• Ground Tackle. A general term for the anchor, anchor rodes, and fittings used for securing a vessel to anchor.

DEFINITIONS

• Grounded Conductor. In marine fire-fighting vessels, a current-carrying conductor connected to the side of the electri­cal source that is intentionally maintained at ground potential.

3.3.43 Grounding Conductor. In marine fire-fighting vessels, a normally non-current-carrying conductor provided to connect the exposed metallic enclosures of electrical equipment to ground for the purpose of minimizing shock hazard to person­nel.

3.3.44* Handhold Device or Grab Rail. Any fitting, assembly, or device, other than a lifeline or deck rail, that is intended for grasping with the hand.

3.3.45 Hawse Pipe. A cylindrical or elliptical pipe or casting in a vessel’s hull through which the anchor rode runs and within which the anchor shank can be housed.

3.3.46* Helm. The position from which direction and water speed of the vessel are controlled.

3.3.47 Hull Potential Monitor. A dc meter that measures the potential of a metallic hull or metallic hull fittings as compared to a reference electrode.

3.3.48* Impressed Current System. A cathodic protection system that uses an external power source to induce a dc elec­tric current through an electrode (anode) that suppresses galvanic corrosion of the craft’s hull.

• Inclining Experiment. See 3.3.73, Stability Test (Inclin­ing Experiment).
• Inflatable Boat (IB). Any boat that achieves and main­tains its intended shape and buoyancy through the medium of inflation.

3.3.50.1 Rigid Hull Inflatable Boat (RHIB). Solid-shaped hull mated with a flexible multicompartment buoyancy tube(s) at the gunwale.

3.3.51* Jet Drive. A propulsion unit that generates thrust in reaction to a water stream.

• Life Rail, Deck Rail, or Lifeline. A single rail or the entire assembly of stanchions, lines, or rails, including hard­ware, gates, and so forth, surrounding weather decks and designed to prevent falls overboard.
• Limber Holes. Holes in hull framing members to permit draining of liquids.
• Rope, when in use. [1983, 20171
• Major Conversion. A change in service of the vessel from some other use to use as a marine fire-fighting vessel.
• The person or persons, company, firm, corporation, partnership, or other organization responsible for turning raw materials or components into a finished product. 
• Metacentric Height. A geometric point used to deter­mine stability when related to the center of gravity and center of buoyancy.
• A fixed master stream device, manually or remotely controlled, or both, capable of discharging large volumes of water or foam.
• Monitor Panel. A device that is located at a position remote from the system being monitored (usually at the bridge) and that indicates the condition of the system being monitored.
• Methods of securing a vessel within a given area.
• National Standard Hose Thread (NH). A standard thread that has dimensions for inside and outside fire hose connection screw threads as defined by NFPA 1963.
• Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) (hj. The total suction head in meters (feet) of liquid absolute, determined at the suction nozzle, and referred to datum, less the vapor pres­sure of the liquid in meters (feet) absolute. [20, 20161

3.3.63* Net Pump Pressure. The sum of the discharge pres­sure and the suction lift converted to psi or kPa when pumping at draft, or the difference between the discharge pressure and the intake pressure when pumping from a hydrant or other source of water under positive pressure. [1901, 20161

• Personal Flotation Device (PFD). A displacement device worn to keep the wearer afloat in water.
• Pounds per square inch. [1901, 2016]
• Pump Operator’s Position. The location from which the pump operator operates the pump. 
• Rigid Hull Inflatable Boat (RHIB). See 3.3.50.1.
• Revolutions per minute.
• Sacrificial Anode System. Galvanic corrosion protec­tion that employs zinc, aluminum, or magnesium anodes connected to the vessel’s hull that dissolve away over time.
• The restoration of a distressed vessel to normal condition, usually the removal of water from inside the hull.
• A vessel’s capability to perform its mission in adverse sea or weather conditions.
• Upper edge of hull exterior at the intersection with the deck.
• Stability Test (Inclining Experiment). A test to deter­mine the vessel displacement (light ship survey) and the posi­tion of the center of gravity both vertical and longitudinal.
• The most forward portion of the hull.
• A grooved metal reinforcement fitted snugly into an eye splice of rope to reduce chafing and to spread the tensional loads.
• Controllable device used to assist in maneu­vering and positioning the vessel.
• A measurement of enclosed volume of a vessel inside of structural frames (1 ton = 100 ft³).

3.3.78* Ventilation. The changing of air within a compart­ment by natural or mechanical means. 

• Weather Deck. Any deck that is exposed to the weather and normally accessible to personnel and that permits walking or moving around outboard of the superstructure.
• A mechanical device utilized in the recovery of anchor and chain by vessels following anchoring operations.

Chapter 4 Design Considerations

• The vessel shall comply with all relevant govern­mental regulations governing the design, operation, and navi­gation of vessels.
• Vessel Performance.
• The overall performance of a marine fire-fighting vessel shall be permitted to be determined after a careful evalu­ation of all perceived operational requirements.
• Elements of performance requiring definition shall include, but are not limited to, speed, range, capacity, endur­ance, and seakeeping capability, as well as the capability of the fire-fighting system (s).
• The performance criteria shall be permitted to be defined after the completion of a Determination of Needs Study as described in 4.2.2, or equivalent assessment as deter­mined by the AHJ.
• Determination of Needs Study. See also Annex B.
• Prior to the construction of a new marine fire-fighting vessel or the major conversion of a vessel for fire-fighting purposes, a study shall be undertaken to clearly identify the mission and capability requirements of the vessel.
• Some of the issues that the study shall be permitted to cover are as follows:
  • General specifications as follows:
    • Geographical size of the area to be protected by the vessel
    • Nature of the waterfront facilities and vessels to be protected
    • Maximum desirable response times
    • Maximum wake permissible
    • Nature of the marine environment in which the vessel will operate, including mutual aid operations
    • Anticipated future growth in the service area and the service needs from the marine fire-fighting vessel
    • Projected or anticipated years of service
  • Crew — The expected number of personnel in the vessel’s crew
  • Fire-fighting mission requirements as follows:
    • Requirements for supplying shoreside water systems
    • Number of pier fires in the jurisdiction to which marine fire-fighting vessels have responded or would have responded
    • Number of vessel fires in the jurisdiction to which marine fire-fighting vessels have responded or would have responded
    • Number of land fires in the jurisdiction to which marine fire-fighting vessels have responded or would have responded
    • Maximum expected duration of a mission
    • Pumping capacity used or required during previ­ous major fires
    • Maximum pumping capacity to be reasonably expected of a marine fire-fighting vessel
    • * Minimum pumping capacity for expected handline use
    • Hose and equipment used or required at previous fires by marine fire-fighting vessels (j) Requirements to remain on station during previ­ous fires in the jurisdiction (k) Self protection such as, but not limited to, heat protection, spray, and CBRN

• Rescue and emergency medical services (EMS) require­ments as follows:
  • Number of rescue incidents in the jurisdiction in which marine fire-fighting vessels have been involved
  • Type of rescue missions that the marine fire-fighting vessel could become involved with during service life
• Fire prevention requirements as follows:
  • Building inspection requirements
  • Subpier inspection requirements
  • Hazardous cargo inspection requirements
  • Prefire inspection requirements
• Effect of standards and requirements as follows:
  • NFPA standards
  • S. Coast Guard (USCG) requirements
  • American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC) stand­ards
  • Local insurance considerations
• Mission of the Vessel.
• The mission of the vessel shall be defined as a result of the Determination of Needs Study as determined in accord­ance with 4.2.2.
• Where the vessel is used for the sole purpose of fire fighting, it shall meet all the stated objectives of this standard.
• Where the vessel is assigned additional duties, it shall meet all the objectives of this standard, as well as those for each of the designated special operations.
• Vessel Requirements Specification.
• Based upon the outcome of the Determination of Needs Study, the details of the vessel shall be specified.
• The services of an experienced professional shall be considered to prepare this document and properly define the vessel.

4.3 Command and Control Spaces.

• Helm Control Station.
• All vessels shall have a field of vision from the helm suitable for safe navigation in all operating conditions.
• Polarized or tinted windows that would interfere with safe navigation shall be prohibited.
• Machinery, alarm, and monitoring equipment shall be provided at the primary helm or master control station and be adequate for the safe and proper operation of the vessel.

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

• Machinery Control Stations. Vessels that are not equipped with remote controls for machinery shall have an engine room communication system in accordance with 46 CFR 184, “Vessel Control and Miscellaneous Systems and Equipment.” 4.3.3 Fire-Fighting Control Centers.
• Fire-fighting control centers shall provide control of the fire pump and associated remote control equipment.
• Fire-fighting control centers shall be located in close proximity to the navigation control center.
• The control center shall provide maximum visual observation of fire-fighting operations.
• When the control center is to be used as an incident command center, adequate communications for the incident commander shall be provided.
• Fire-fighting control stations on Type I through Type IV vessels shall be insulated from heat and protected from spray in accordance with the Determination of Needs Study.

4.4 Construction.

• Placement of equipment shall allow for its removal from the vessel with minimal disruption of perma- nendy installed structural members, or equipment shall be situ­ated to allow for maintenance and repair.
• All parts of the vessel shall be constructed of materials appropriate for the environment in which the vessel will oper­ate.
• All construction materials for the vessel and the systems shall be selected to minimize the effects of corrosion.
• Fuel Tanks.
• Diesel fuel systems shall comply with ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, for Types I and II and ABYC H-33, Diesel Fuel Systems, for Types III, IV, and V.
• Gasoline fuel systems shall comply with ABYC H-24,

Gasoline Fuel Systems.

• Portable fuel tanks shall comply with ABYC H-25, Port­able Gasoline Fuel Systems.
• The use of liquid hydrocarbon alternative fuels shall be permitted in accordance with accepted industry practices.
• Void Spaces.
• Access and lightening holes shall be arranged clear of concentrated loads or areas of high stresses.
• Air and limber holes shall be arranged to eliminate air pockets and to avoid any accumulation of water or other liquids.
• Open Decks.
• Openings in weather decks shall comply with ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification – High Speed Craft or ABYC H-3, Windows, Windshields, Exterior Hatches, Doors, Port Lights and Glaz­ing Materials.
• All vessels shall be equipped with freeing ports or drains to provide rapid drainage of water, including fire flow, from the weather deck under all operating conditions.

4.4.6 Machinery Spaces.

• Within practical limits, machinery spaces shall be designed so that all equipment that requires inspection, adjust­ment, or maintenance is readily accessible.
• Within practical limits, all equipment shall be arranged so that it is not damaged by bilge water.
• Compartments in which flammable gases, acid fumes, and oil vapors can accumulate shall be ventilated to reduce the possibility of explosion.
• Openings and ventilators shall be arranged to mini­mize risk of water ingress onto equipment.
  • Human Factors Engineering.
    • The vessel shall comply with the requirements in NFPA 302; ABYC Standards and Technical Information Reports for Small Craft, ABS Rides for Building and Classing Steel Vessels Under 90 Meters (295ft) in Length, 46 CFR 24-28, Subchapter C, “Unin­spected Vessels,” or 46 CFR 175-187, Subchapter T, “Small Passenger Vessels (Under 100 Gross Tons),” as appropriate.
    • Instructions for operation of vessel safety equipment shall be the equipment manufacturers’ instructions and shall be adequately posted.
    • Escape plans, operating instructions, diagrams, safety checklists, and other pertinent data shall be available to those onboard.
  • Third-Party Certification of Test Results. Where this standard requires the results of tests to be certified by an inde­pendent third-party certification organization, that organiza­tion shall meet the requirements of this section.
    • All certification shall be performed by a certification organization that is accredited for inspection and testing systems on fire apparatus in accordance with ISO/IEC 17020,

General criteria for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspection, or ISO/IEC Guide 65, General requirements for bodies operating product certification systems.

• The certification organization shall not be owned or controlled by manufacturers or vendors of the product that is being tested.
• The certification organization shall be primarily engaged in certification work and shall not have a monetary interest in the product’s ultimate profitability.
• The certification organization shall witness all tests and shall refuse to certify any test results for a system if all compo­nents of that system requiring testing do not pass the testing required by this standard.
• There shall be no conditional, temporary, or partial certification of test results.
• Appropriate forms or data sheets shall be provided and used during the testing.
• Programs shall be in place for training, proficiency test­ing, and performance verification of any staff involved with certification.

4.6.8 The certification organization’s operating procedures shall provide a mechanism for the manufacturer to appeal deci­sions. The procedures shall include provisions for the presenta­tion of information from representatives of both sides of a controversy to a designated appeals panel.

Chapter 5 Classifications

5.1* Classifications. Marine fire-fighting vessels shall be classi­fied and equipped in accordance with Table 5.1 for classifica­tion of emergency response vessel resources.

5.2 Requirements for Vessel Classification.

• Marine fire-fighting vessels designated as Type I shall meet the following minimum requirements:
  • Minimum number of pumps: 2
  • Minimum water pumping capacity: 20,000 gpm (80,000 L/min) @ 150 psi (10 bar)
  • Foam production in accordance with Chapter 9 of NFPA 11
  • Minimum number of generators: 2
  • On-station fuel capacity: 48 hours
  • Minimum number of monitors: 4
  • Minimum number of discharge outlets: 24; 6 [1/4 in. (38 mm)]; 10 [2’/₂ (65 mm) or larger]; 4 f>3’/₂ in. (89 mm)]; 4 [5 in. (127 mm)]
• Marine fire-fighting vessels designated as Type II shall meet the following minimum requirements:
  • Minimum number of pumps: 2
  • Minimum pumping capacity: 10,000 gpm (40,000 L/min) @ 150 psi (lObar)
  • Foam production in accordance with Chapter 9 of NFPA 11
  • Minimum number of generators: 2
  • On-station fuel capacity: 24 hours
  • Minimum number of monitors: 4
  • Minimum number of discharge outlets: 8; 3 [>3l4 in. (89 mm)]; 5 [5 in. (127 mm)]
• Marine fire-fighting vessels and special purpose fire- fighting vessels designated as Type III shall meet the following minimum requirements:
  • Minimum number of pumps: 2

 Minimum Capabilities of Vessel Classification

Note: Additional lire-fighting equipment requirements for all types of vessels are found in Chapter 10.

• Minimum pumping capacity: 4500 gpm (18,000 L/min) @ 150 psi (lObar)
• Foam production in accordance with Chapter 9 of NFPA 11
• Minimum number of generators: 1 with direct power source
• On-station fuel capacity: 8 hours
• Minimum number of monitors: 4
• Minimum number of discharge outlets: 4; 2 [>3l4 in. (89 mm)]; 2 [5 in. (127 mm)]

• Marine fire-fighting vessels and special purpose fire- fighting vessels designated as Type IV shall meet the following minimum requirements:
  • Minimum number of pumps: 1
  • Minimum pumping capacity: 1500 gpm (6000 L/min) @ 150 psi (lObar)
  • Foam production in accordance with Chapter 9 of NFPA 11
  • On-station fuel capacity: 6 hours
  • Minimum number of monitors: 2
  • Minimum number of discharge outlets: 2 [>3!4 in. (89 mm) ]
• Marine fire-fighting vessels and special purpose fire- fighting vessels designated as Type V shall meet the following minimum requi reme nts:
  • Minimum number of pumps: 1
  • Minimum pumping capacity: 500 gpm (2000 L/min) @ 150 psi (lObar)
  • On-station fuel capacity: 4 hours
  • Minimum number of monitors: 1

Fire-Fighting System Capabilities

6.1 General.

6.1.1 The selection of pumps and design of distribution piping shall be done in consideration of the Determination of Needs Study per 4.2.2 and the following:

• Number, sizes, and types of distribution devices expected to be used singularly or simultaneously
• Pressure required at the inlets of the discharge devices
• Required full-range fire flow

6.1.1.1 Where the fire pumps and distribution piping are used to supply thrusters for station keeping, the fire pump capacity and distribution pipe size shall be increased to permit station keeping without decreasing fire flow capacity.

6.1.1.2 Where the distribution piping from the fire pumps also supplies the vessel protection systems, the demand for those vessel protection systems shall be added to the fire pump distribution piping to permit simultaneous use without decreas­ing the fire flow capability.

6.2 System Design.

6.2.1* Fire-fighting piping systems shall be designed for not less than the maximum potential flow rate, cut-off pressure of the pump(s), or relief valve setting of the pump.

• The pump suction velocity shall generally not exceed 6.5 ft/sec (2 m/sec), and discharge piping shall generally not exceed 13 ft/sec (4 m/sec) at the design flow rate for each section of pipe.
• Recommended flow rates shall be permitted to be ex­ceeded where other aspects of the design could be compro­mised by fitting larger or heavier pipes and fittings, provided the impact of the higher rates on erosion in piping and fittings is identified and accepted by the owner/operator, and the higher flow resistance does not impair the performance of the system.
• Where a common suction or discharge header is connec­ted to more than one pump, the design flow rate in the header shall reflect the combined capacity of all connected pumps operating simultaneously.
• Means shall be provided to prevent the pump from over­heating with distribution devices closed, such as an overboard discharge.
• Where multiple pumps are installed, the failure of any single pump shall not reduce fire flow by more than 50 percent.
• Where piping serves multiple pumps, the failure of any piping shall not reduce fire flow by more than 50 percent.
• Pump discharge piping shall include a check valve and isolation valve for each pump in a multiple pump system.
• Isolation valves shall be installed where necessary for each device or outlet and where necessary for continued opera­tion of the system in case of piping or component failure.
• A shutoff valve shall be provided in the supply to each monitor.
• Suction Arrangement.

6.2.11.1* The suction arrangements for each pump shall include at least one dedicated sea chest with screened inlet, a valve at the sea chest outlet, and a valved vent to atmosphere.

6.2.11.2 Where pump suctions are arranged in a manifold (sea main), an isolation valve shall be provided at or near the suction inlet of each pump.

6.2.11.3* The open area of the screen shall be at least two times the cross-sectional area of the suction pipe, and the indi­vidual openings shall not be larger than the pump manufactur­er’s maximum particle size.

6.2.11.4 The intakes to all fire pumps shall be fitted with a means of clearing while the vessel is afloat.

• System Pressure Ratings and Control.
• Fire-fighting pump discharge piping shall be designed for a working pressure not less than the maximum cut-off pressure of the pump(s) fitted, except as noted in 6.2.12.3 and 6.2.12.4.
• Piping systems shall be designed to avoid water hammer and similar hydraulic shocks within the system during operation by fitting valve operators with controlled opening/ closing rates in accordance with 6.3.6.3 and by providing the means to purge air from the piping system at low flow veloci­ties.
• The use of automatic pressure relief valves in systems shall be permitted where the piping system cannot satisfy 2.12.1.

6.2.12.4* Where pressure relief valves are fitted, the discharge (s) shall be to the pump suction or, if discharged outside the marine fire-fighting vessel, the discharge shall be above the waterline and in a position least likely to affect vessel operations or the safety of other vessels or personnel in the vicinity.

• Drains shall be provided to drain all portions of the discharge and distribution piping.
• A small valved drain line that bypasses each pump check valve shall be provided to permit drainage of the discharge piping.
• All vessels operating in salt or brackish water shall have a means of flushing the distribution system with fresh water.

6.3 Components and Materials

• All components shall have design pressure ratings equal to or greater than the maximum pump pressure or relief valve setting.
• All piping, fittings, and valves shall be constructed of materials that resist galvanic corrosion.
• Any components and materials to be used with fire- fighting foams shall be compatible with the type of foam concentrate to be used.
• Where steel pipe is joined by threaded fittings refer­enced in 6.3.3, the minimum wall thickness shall be in accord­ance with Schedule 40 for pressures up to 300 psi (20.7 bar).
• Bending of pipe and tube shall be in accordance with ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels Under 90 Meters (295ft) in Length.
• Threaded fittings shall not be used on pipe larger than 2 in. (50 mm).
• A one-piece reducing fitting shall be used wherever a change is made in the size of the pipe.
• All threaded pipe and fittings shall have threads cut according to ANSI/ASME B 1.20.1, Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch).
• Hexagonal or face bushings shall be permitted in reducing the size of openings of fittings when standard fittings of the required size are not available.
• Welded Pipe and Fittings. Welding to join pipes and fittings shall be permitted provided that the welding methods comply with AWS B2.1/B2.1M, Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification.
• Brazed Joints.
• Joints for the connection of copper tube shall be brazed or welded in accordance with Subchapter F of 46 CFR 56.70, “Welding.”
• Excess flux shall be removed after brazing.
• All valves used in the pump piping system shall be equipped with an operating mechanism that visually indicates the position of the valve at all operating locations.
• All valves shall be arranged so that the open or closed position is clearly indicated directly on the valve.
• Discharge valves shall be capable of being opened and closed smoothly and readily at flow velocities up to 20 ft/sec (6 m/sec).
• The flow-regulating element of each discharge piping valve shall not change its position under any condition of operation involving discharge pressures to the maximum pressure of the pump.
• The means to prevent a change in position shall be incorporated in the operating mechanism and shall be either manually or automatically controlled.
• Each 3 in. (76 mm) or larger discharge piping valve shall have an operating mechanism that does not permit changing the position of the flow-regulating element of the valve from fully closed to fully open, or vice versa, in less than 3 seconds.
• Suction valves shall be capable of being opened and closed smoothly and readily at flow velocities up to 15 ft/sec (4.6 m/sec).
• Valves that are remotely controlled shall have a manual override feature located at the valve.

6.3.7* Pumps.

• Pump materials shall be galvanically compatible and shall be suitable for the pump’s rated capacity, pressure, speed, ambient water temperature, and corrosiveness.
• Pumps shall be installed below the waterline where possible, and in all cases the net positive suction head (NPSH) shall be verified for the proposed installation and pump performance.
• Pumps installed above the waterline shall be designed to operate at rated capacity with a total suction lift not to exceed 10 ft (3 m).
• Net pump pressure at rated capacity shall be 150 psi (10.34 bar) or greater for all vessels.
• The pump manufacturer shall hydrostatically test the pump at twice the rated discharge pressure of the pump.
• The pump manufacturer shall test each pump prior to shipping and shall certify that the pump meets the provi­sions of this standard.
• The certification for each pump shall be provided to the owner.

6.3.8 Discharge Devices. 6.3.8.1* General.

• All discharge devices shall be supported by the vessel structure to minimize stresses on piping and valves.
• Discharge outlets and all fire hose connections shall have connections as specified in NFPA 1963.

6.3.8.2.1* For all marine fire-fighting vessels, a single monitor or combination of monitors shall provide an unobstructed range of horizontal operation of at least 270 degrees centered on the bow of the vessel and shall have a vertical coverage of at least 60 degrees above and 15 degrees below horizontal.

• Means shall be provided to prevent damage to the vessel’s structure or equipment from the operation of the monitors.
• Monitor supports shall be designed for all opera­tional loadings at maximum flows and pressures.
• Controls for nozzle rotation, elevation, and discharge pattern shall be located not less than 3 ft (0.9 m) and not more than 6 ft (1.8 m) above the deck or platform that serves as the operator’s station for that monitor.
• Monitors equipped with remote controls shall be designed so that each can be operated manually.
• Remote control stations for monitors shall have operational visibility substantially equal to the operational range of the monitor.
• Each monitor operator position shall have an effec­tive means of communication with the vessel’s operator posi­tion.
• Control systems for remote-controlled monitors shall be protected with overload or circuit breaker protection.
• Discharge Outlets.
• For Type III through Type V vessels, hose connec­tions shall be provided to discharge 100 percent of the rated pump capacity. For Type I and Type II vessels, hose connections shall be determined with special consideration of the Determi­nation of Needs Study, per 4.2.2.
• On vessels where a fixed foam system is installed, a means of providing foam solution to one or more hose outlets shall be provided.
• All components and equipment shall be installed in accordance with manufacturers’ requirements.
• Piping shall be supported from the vessel structure to carry the load of a completely filled piping system, allowing for the anticipated vertical design accelerations, which can reason­ably be expected in the service.
• Where flanges are used to join piping or to facilitate removal of valves for service, a support shall be provided not more than 2 ft (0.6 m) from the joint.
• Bracing shall be provided to resist the nozzle reaction of discharge devices.
• Provision shall be made for the expansion or contrac­tion of piping and for stresses in the piping due to temperature changes or flexing of the hull.
• Controls, Indicators, and Instruments.
• When mechanical indicators are used, all master fire pump pressure indicators shall have a dial not less than 3!4 in. (90 mm) in diameter.

6.3.10.1.1 When mechanical indicators are used, indicator connections shall be accessible to permit back flushing of pres­sure tubing from remote indicator locations.

• The suction indicator, when provided, shall be a compound type ranging from 30 in. Hg (760 mm Hg) to 15 psi (1 bar).

6.3.10.2.1 Suction indicators shall not be required on Type V vessels.

• The discharge pressure indicator range shall be from 0 psi (0 bar) to twice the maximum pressure that the pump produces.
• A pump pressure indicator shall be provided to moni­tor fire main pressure and shall be visible to the fire system operator.
• The installed discharge piping shall be hydrostatically tested for not less than 1 hour at not less than 200 psi (13.8 bar), or at 50 percent greater pressure than the rated cut­off pressure of the pump(s), whichever is greater.
• Pressure test instrument connections shall be provi­ded at each pump and monitor.
• The pressure test instrument connections at each pump shall include a connection for original and periodic test­ing of the pump’s performance.
• A valved test connection shall be located for accessi­bility above deck plates as close to the gauge tap on the pump flange as possible.

Foam Systems

7.1 General.

7.1.1 Where the marine fire-fighting vessel is equipped with a fixed or portable foam system, the requirements of this chapter and NFPA 11 shall apply.

7.1.2* The selection of the foam-proportioning system shall be made only after a complete review of the foam performance necessary to satisfy the requirements of the mission and capa­bility study.

• The purchaser shall provide the following minimum performance requirements for the installed system:
  • Minimum and maximum foam solution flow rates
  • Foam solution proportioning rate or range
  • Minimum operating time required
  • Minimum performance requirements of system discharge devices including at least flow, pressure, reach, whether aspirated or nonaspirated

7.2 Design and Performance Requirements.

• The vessel shall be capable of supplying the power required by the foam-proportioning system in addition to the requirements of the other power-dependent systems installed on the vessel.
• The foam-proportioning system shall be designed to operate with the type(s) of foam concentrate specified by the purchaser.

7.2.3* The materials and system components used in the construction of the foam concentrate storage and proportion­ing and delivery system shall be compatible with the concen­trate as specified by the foam manufacturer.

• For Type I through Type III vessels, the foam- proportioning system shall be an integral part of the water delivery system.

7.2.4.1 Type IV and Type V marine fire-fighting vessels shall be permitted to utilize portable foam delivery systems in accord­ance with Chapter 9 of NFPA 11.

• The vessel builder shall demonstrate the following:
  • Maximum rate of foam solution delivery capable of being discharged from the system at a given rate of proportion­ing
  • Maximum operating pressure of the foam-proportioning system
  • Minimum and maximum rate of foam solution discharge available at each individual outlet equipped with a foam- proportioning device
• Discharge or pressure lines in the foam-proportioning system shall be designed and installed so that the velocity of the foam concentrate in the lines does not exceed 25 ft/sec (8 m/ sec) at the maximum design flow.
• Suction lines in the foam-proportioning system shall be designed and installed so that the velocity of the foam concen­trate in the lines does not exceed 15 ft/sec (4.6 m/sec) at the maximum design flow.
• The operating characteristics of the selected individual foam system components shall be reviewed to ensure that the installed system meets or exceeds the design performance requirements.
• Components that can be flushed with water after use shall be constructed of materials that are resistant to corrosion after being flushed with fresh water and allowed to dry.

7.2.9.1 The components in 7.2.9, including, but not limited to, gaskets, seals, and binding of moving parts, shall also be constructed of materials resistant to deterioration by foam concentrates.

• Where eductors are used, their flow rating shall be matched with the flow rating of the delivery devices they serve.
• A check valve or similar means of isolation shall be installed in the concentrate delivery piping as close to the proportioners as possible to prevent the mixing/contamination of the concentrate with backflow of fire main water.
• All foam-proportioning system controls shall be clearly identified and readily accessible.
• Foam-proportioning systems that incorporate a foam concentrate pump and tank shall include provisions to allow resupply while the system is in operation.
• Foam-proportioning systems that require flushing after use shall include readily accessible controls that allow the system to be flushed completely with fresh water according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
• Foam systems that incorporate automatic proportioning features shall be equipped with controls that allow the auto­matic feature to be bypassed for manual operation.
• For foam-proportioning systems that incorporate foam concentrate metering valves, each metering valve shall be cali­brated and marked to indicate the range of foam concentrate proportioning rate(s) available as determined by the design of the system.
• Gauges, Flowmeters, and Indicators.
• All gauges, flowmeters, and indicators shall be located so they are readily visible.
• All gauges or flowmeters shall be mounted in a manner to protect the gauge from physical damage and from excessive vibration.
• Foam concentrate tanks with a capacity of 500 gal (2000 L) or more shall be provided with a gauging device for determining remaining foam concentrate volume in the tank.
• Nameplates and Instruction Plates.
• All labels and marking shall be of a type permanent in nature, shall be capable of withstanding the effects of extreme weather and temperature, and shall be attached in a manner that requires mechanical means to remove.
• A nameplate shall be provided for each control, gauge, and indicator that is clearly marked with the identification and function of that device.
• An instruction plate shall be provided for the foam- proportioning system that includes, as a minimum, a piping schematic of the system and basic operation instructions.

7.5.3.1 Foam concentrate trade names shall not be substituted for foam solution percentage ratios on instruction plates.

• A label that reads “Foam Tank Fill” shall be provided at any foam tank fill opening and shall indicate the type and proportioning percentage of concentrate required.

Atmospheric Foam Concentrate Tank.

• Where the vessel’s foam-proportioning system incorpo­rates an atmospheric foam concentrate tank, the requirements of this section shall apply.
• The foam concentrate tank and associated piping shall be constructed of materials in accordance with 7.2.3.
• The foam concentrate tank shall be provided with a protected fill opening that is designed to facilitate the opera­tor’s filling the tank from 5 gal (20 L) foam concentrate containers.
• Foam concentrate tanks larger than 200 gal (800 L) shall incorporate a fill opening with an area of at least 36 in.² (2320 mm-).
• Where a fill opening is less than 36 in.² (2320 mm²), a fill funnel with strainer shall be provided with a neck to fit the fill opening and a minimum 36 in.² (2320 mm²) fill cup.
• Foam concentrate tanks of 200 gal (800 L) or less shall incorporate a fill opening with an area not less than 4 in.² (260 mm²).
• The tank opening shall be protected by a removable cover and screen.

7.6.4.1* The cover shall be attached to the tank fill by mechanical means to prevent air from entering or escaping during normal service.

• Where the foam concentrate tank is over 100 gal (400 L), it shall incorporate an expansion compartment or dome located so that foam concentrate enters this compart­ment only after the entire main tank compartment is completely filled.

7.6.5.1 The volume of the expansion compartment in 7.6.5 shall be not less than 2 percent of the total foam concentrate tank volume.

• Pressure/Vacuum Vent.
• The foam concentrate tank shall be equipped with a pressure/vacuum vent that allows the tank to adjust automati­cally for changes in pressure when filling or withdrawing foam concentrate from the tank.
• The pressure/vacuum vent shall not permit outside air to enter the tank freely except during operation or for normal changes in volume due to changes in temperature.
• The alternative to a pressure/vacuum vent shall be permitted to be a small vented header tank, fitted with a sight glass or similar level indicator, that would present a small contact surface area of foam to the atmosphere, and ensure that the main storage tanks are void of air.
• Foam Isolation.
• The foam concentrate shall be isolated from direct contact with the atmosphere to prevent drying out and to reduce risk of internal corrosion in the tank.

FOAM SYSTEMS

• The foam concentrate tank shall be fitted with a pres­sure vacuum vent or alternative device that allows the tank to react safely to changes in pressure when filling or removing foam concentrate from the tank.
• The pressure vacuum vent or alternative device shall not permit outside air or water to enter the tank freely except during operation or for normal changes in volume due to changes in temperature.
• An acceptable alternative to a pressure vacuum vent shall be permitted to be a small vented header tank, fitted with a sight glass or similar level indicator, which presents only a small contact surface area of foam to the atmosphere and ensures that the main storage tanks are void of air.

7.6.8* The foam concentrate tank shall be designed and constructed to facilitate cleaning the inside of the tank as required.

• Foam concentrate tanks larger than 200 gal (800 L) with more than one internal compartment shall incorporate a removable top allowing access to each compartment or a removable personnel access hatch with a minimum inside diameter of 20 in. (510 mm).
• Tanks equipped with a personnel access hatch shall also be equipped with a 20 in. (510 mm) minimum inside diameter opening through any internal baffles to allow person­nel access to the entire tank interior.
• Single compartment foam concentrate tanks shall incorporate a removable hatch or fill opening that allows personnel access to the entire interior of the tank.
• Swash Partitions.
• The foam concentrate tank shall have a sufficient number of swash partitions so that the maximum dimension of any space in the tank, either transverse or longitudinal, shall not exceed 48 in. (1220 mm) and shall be not less than 23 in. (584 mm).
• The swash partitions shall have vents and openings at the top and bottom to permit movement of air and foam concentrate between compartments to meet the maximum flow requirements of the foam-proportioning system.
•  
• The foam concentrate tank outlet connection shall be connected to a sump located in the bottom of the tank and shall permit discharge of at least 95 percent of the tank’s capacity.
• The discharge shall be protected by an antiswirl baffle in systems where the foam concentrate delivery rate exceeds 5 gpm (20 L/min).
• The foam concentrate tank inlet connection shall terminate within 2 in. (51 mm) of the tank bottom to prevent aerating the foam concentrate.
• Valved Drain.
• A minimum 1 in. (25 mm) valved drain shall be provi­ded in the sump of any foam concentrate tank of 20 gal (80 L) or more.
• A minimum V₂ (13 mm) valved drain shall be provided in the sump of any foam concentrate tank ofless than 20 gal (80 L).

Foam Concentrate Pump.

7.7.1* Where the vessel’s foam-proportioning system incorpo­rates a foam concentrate pump, the requirements of this section shall apply.

• The foam concentrate pump shall operate at a design speed that prevents cavitation and foaming in the concentrate system when delivering maximum design flow.
• Drive train components required to transmit power to the foam concentrate pump shall be capable of transmitting the power required by the pump under the maximum design condition.
• The foam concentrate pump shall deliver the flow and pressure required by the system when it is operating at 110 percent of rated capacity.
• A relief valve or other overpressure limiting device shall be provided in the foam-proportioning system to protect the foam concentrate pump.

7.7.6* A strainer designated by the foam concentrate manu­facturer shall be installed on the intake side of the foam concentrate pump so that any foam concentrate entering the system passes through the strainer.

Chapter 8 Manufacturer/Purchaser Responsibilities

8.1* Personnel Training. After delivery of the marine fire- fighting vessel, the owner shall be responsible for ongoing training of its personnel to proficiency regarding the proper and safe use of the marine fire-fighting vessel and associated equipment as defined in NFPA 1005 and NFPA 1500.

8.2* Compliance with Regulations. The owner shall comply with all applicable regulations for operation of vessels in their location.

8.3 Training and Instruction. The fire-fighting vessel manufac­turer/builder of the fire-fighting vessel shall supply a qualified person to provide operational training to fire department personnel that includes the following:

• A complete system component familiarization/walk- around
• A complete review of the system and its safety features
• A review of all operation, service, and maintenance docu­mentation
• Hands-on familiarization of the safe operation of the vessel

Chapter 9 Fire Protection Equipment for the Vessel 9.1 General.

• The requirements in ABS Guidance Notes on Fire Fighting Systems shall apply to Type I through Type III marine fire- fighting vessels.
• The requirements of 46 CFR 175-187, Subchapter T, “Small Passenger Vessels (under 100 Gross Tons)”; ABYC A-4, Fire Fighting Equipment, and NFPA 302 shall apply to Type IV and Type V marine fire-fighting vessels.
• Type I and Type II marine fire-fighting vessels shall be equipped with a water curtain or equivalent system to protect the vessel and its equipment during fire-fighting operations.
• The melting point of the exposed water curtain or equiv­alent system piping materials shall be equal to or greater than that of the hull structure material.

Fire Detection and Alarm Systems.

• Machinery, accommodation, and service spaces shall be provided with an approved automatic detection system and alarms that indicate at the control station the location of outbreak of a fire.
• Ventilation arrangements to the machinery, accommoda­tion, and service spaces containing the fire detection equip­ment shall be such as to preclude, as far as practicable, the possibility of smoke from the fire being drawn into those spaces.
• Smoke, heat, or flame detectors shall be of an approved or listed type.
• Carbon monoxide detection shall be provided in accord­ance with ABYC A-24, Carbon Monoxide Detection Systems, and NFPA 302 for vessels fitted with inboard spark ignition engines.
• Detector Location.
• Detectors shall be located in accordance with NFPA 72, NFPA 720, and NFPA 302.
• Positions near beams and ventilation ducts where air flow could adversely affect performance shall be avoided.
• At least one fire detector shall be provided in each crew accommodation space.
• In service spaces, at least one fire detector shall be provided in each enclosed space not normally entered.
• Detectors shall be installed and maintained according to the device manufacturer’s instructions.
• Control Panels for Type I Through Type III Marine Fire- Fighting Vessels.
• Visual and audible alarm signal panels shall be arranged on the vessel’s pilothouse and main control center.
• The control panel shall indicate where the detection unit has operated.
• All detectors shall be of a type such that they can be tested and reset to normal surveillance without the renewal of any component.
• Type I through Type III marine fire-fighting vessels with enclosed engine spaces shall have at least two sources of power

Table 9.3.2 Fire Protection Pump Capacity and Power Source for the electrical equipment used in the operation of the fire detection and fire alarm systems, one of which shall be an emergency power source.

9.2.9 All electrical components shall meet the requirements found in Section 14.1.

Fire Protection Water Piping and Pumps.

• All Type I through Type III vessels shall have at least one fire protection pump.
• The fire protection pump system shall have at least the capacity and at least be powered as shown in Table 9.3.2 in accordance with 46 CFR 181, “Fire Protection Equipment.”
• Where sanitary, ballast, bilge, or general service pumps are used as a vessel’s fire pump, such pumps shall meet the capacities given in Table 9.3.2 for fire protection.
• All Type I through Type III vessels shall be fitted with a fire protection main.
• The fire protection main shall have drains installed for maintenance and protection from freezing.
• All piping shall be tested in accordance with Chapter 19.
• Hose Stations.
• The number and position of hose stations shall be suffi­cient to reach any part of the vessel with an effective stream of water from a single length of hose.
• The pipes and hose stations shall be so placed that the fire hoses can be easily coupled to them.
• All hose couplings and nozzles shall be interchange­able throughout the vessel.
• Hose station fire hose shall have a minimum diameter of 1 in. (25 mm) and a maximum length of 75 ft (23 m).
• Each fire hose shall be provided with a nozzle and couplings constructed of a compatible and noncorrosive mate­rial.
• All fire hoses attached to hose stations in the machinery spaces shall be fitted with combination nozzles.
• Fixed Inert Gas Extinguishing Systems.

9.5.1* A manually activated fixed inert gas or equivalent extin­guishing system shall be installed for all Category A machinery spaces in Type I through Type III vessels.

1925-19

FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT FOR THE VESSEL

9.5.2 Pre-engineered systems located in a Category A machi­nery space shall be located as high as possible and away from mechanical and natural ventilation.

• Where a fixed gas fire extinguishing system is installed, access doors to the space shall be such that they remain closed at all times with no holdback arrangements.
• For occupiable, protected spaces, audible and visual alarms shall automatically sound and illuminate for at least 20 seconds prior to the discharge of an extinguishing medium into the space.
• Doors to the protected space shall open outward.
• The system shall have two control stations.
• One station shall be located near the entrance to the protected space, and the second station shall be located near the helm at the designated fire control station.
• These controls shall be protected to prevent accidental discharge of an inert gas extinguishing system into the space.
• Operating instructions shall be posted at all control stations.
• Means shall be provided for automatically stopping all ventilating fans, securing the protected space, closing all open­ings that would permit air to enter the space, and shutting down all internal combustion engines within the affected space.
• Necessary controls shall operate from outside the space.
• Carbon dioxide (C0₂) or inert extinguishing gas cylin­ders shall meet the U.S. Coast Guard, Canadian Transportation Commission, or American Bureau of Shipping requirements and shall be maintained in accordance with NFPA 12 or NFPA 2001 as applicable.
• Cylinders and associated controls shall be securely mounted and protected from weather, corrosion, mechanical damage, and temperatures outside the system’s operating range.
• A method of ascertaining the quantity of an inert extin­guishing gas within the cylinders shall be provided.
• Piping, valves, and fittings shall meet the requirements of Subchapter F of 46 CFR 56, “Piping Systems and Appurte­nances”; ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels; NFPA 12 and NFPA 2001 as applicable.
• Piping shall be arranged and discharge nozzles posi­tioned such that uniform distribution of the medium is attained.
• Fixed inert gas extinguishing systems shall have suffi­cient quantity of inert gas to provide at least the minimum effective concentration for the gross volume of the protected space.
• Discharge nozzles shall be listed and approved for discharge characteristics.
• Each discharge nozzle shall be permanendy marked to identify the equivalent single orifice diameter.
• The total area of all discharge nozzles shall not exceed 85 percent or be less than 35 percent of nominal cylinder outlet area or the area of the supply pipe, whichever is smaller.
• All dead-end lines shall extend 2 in. (50 mm) beyond the last orifice and shall be closed with a cap or plug.
• All piping, valves, and fittings shall be securely suppor­ted and, where necessaiy, protected against mechanical damage.
• Drains and dirt traps shall be fitted where necessaiy to prevent the accumulation of dirt or moisture and shall be read­ily accessible.

Hand Portable/Semiportable Fire Extinguishers.

9.6.1* Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided, located, and maintained in accordance with NFPA 10; Chapter 12 of NFPA 302; ABYC A-4, Fire Fighting Equipment, and 46 CFR 25.30, “Fire-Extinguishing Equipment.”

9.6.2 Whenever propulsion or pumping engines and genera­tor sets are enclosed in housings, a portable extinguisher sized for the volume of the enclosed housing shall be provided so that the extinguishing agent can be discharged into the enclo­sure without opening it.

 Fire-Fighting and Emergency Equipment for the Vessel

10.1 General.

• Fire-fighting equipment that is specified in this chapter and required for a given class of vessel shall be supplied and mounted or stowed as per the AHJ prior to the vessel being placed in operation in accordance with Table 10.1.1(a) and Table 10.1.1(b).
• Fire-fighting equipment specified in this chapter are minimum requirements for the given type of vessel and shall be mounted or stowed securely utilizing the manufacturer’s recommendations along with standard marine practices.
• Portable gasoline equipment and containers shall be stored in a well-ventilated storage compartment so that vapors are vented overboard and away from air intakes in accordance with ABYC H-25, Portable Gasoline Fuel Systems.
• Any electrical equipment installed within the storage compartment shall be ignition protected as defined by ABYC

E-ll, Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC) Electrical Systems on Boats.

• All fire service equipment required by this chapter and Table 5.1 shall meet the requirements of NFPA standards for the particular type of equipment as identified as follows:
  • N FPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers
  • NFPA 1931, Standard for Manufacturer’s Design of Fire Department Ground Ladders
  • NFPA 1961, Standard on Fire Hose
  • NFPA 1963, Standard for Fire Hose Connections
  • NFPA 1964, Standard for Spray Nozzles
  • NFPA 1981, Standard on Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breath­ing Apparatus (SCBA) for Emergency Services
  • NFPA 1983, Standard on Life Safety Rope and Equipment for Emergency Services
• Type I through Type III vessels shall be outfitted with a minimum complement of the equipment identified in Table 10.1.1(a) and Table 10.1.1(b).
• Wind and Weather Influences.
• The effects of prevailing wind and weather conditions in the area of operation shall be taken into account by applica­tion of wnd heel criteria.
• Stability criteria shall be met after application of applicable wind-heel criteria.
• The effects of icing and freezing spray on the marine fire-fighting vessel’s stability shall be considered for marine fire- fighting vessels operating in areas where such conditions exist.
• International Standards Organization (ISO) criteria for icing of fishing vessels shall be used as a standard to deter­mine the effects of icing.
• Where the potential exists for icing of the marine fire-fighting vessel, effective means of reducing or eliminating the presence of ice accumulation on the marine fire-fighting vessel shall be provided.
• The vessel shall be presumed to be in a full-load condition when damage occurs.
• The use of watertight doors in subdivision bulkheads shall be avoided.
• Type V vessels shall be fitted with positive flotation in lieu of having subdivision.
• The amount of flotation shall be equivalent to the weight of the fully loaded vessel in fresh water plus 10 percent.
• The vessel shall be assumed to be intact but completely swamped.
• Flotation shall be permitted to be in the form of buoy­ancy tanks, foam blocks, or hull structure.
• Flotation shall be secured in place and shall retain its effectiveness after submergence in fresh water for 24 hours.
• Loading Conditions.

11.4.1 The loading conditions to be evaluated for the intact stability calculations for normal vessel loads shall include those listed as follows:

• Full load consists of the following:
  • 95 percent fuel
  • 100 percent foam concentrate
  • 100 percent potable water
  • 100 percent stores
  • Normal crew and their effects
• 50 percent load consists of the following:
  • 50 percent fuel
  • 100 percent foam concentrate
  • 50 percent potable water
  • 50 percent stores
  • Normal crew and their effects
• 10 percent consumables consists of the following:
  • 10 percent fuel
  • 100 percent foam concentrate
  • 10 percent potable water
  • 10 percent stores
  • Normal crew and their effects
• The loading conditions to be evaluated for the intact stability calculations for fire-fighting loads shall include those listed as follows:
  • Maximum load consists of the same as full load in 11.4.1, plus the following:
    • Water in fire main
    • Elevating tower or platform at maximum extension
    • Extra crew and their effects
  • Minimum load consists of the same as 10 percent consumables in 11.4.1 plus the following:
    • 10 percent foam concentrate
    • Water in fire main
    • Elevating tower or platform at maximum extension
    • Extra crew and their effects
  • Where asymmetric loading conditions can occur due to tank configurations, their effect on stability shall also be calcu­lated.
  • Calculations showing the maximum passenger capacity on deck, the maximum equipment weight on deck, and the total of the two parameters previously cited shall be prepared.

Chapter 12 Main Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines 12.1 General.

• Installation requirements for marine propulsion systems that include engines, reduction gears, power takeoffs, and final drives shall be incorporated by reference to Chapter 5 of NFPA 302; ABYC H-2, Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline-, ABYC H-24, Gasoline Fuel Systems; ABYC H-26, Powering of Boats-, ABYC H-32, Ventilation of Boats Using Diesel Fuel-, ABYC H-33, Diesel Fuel Systems-, ABYC P-l, Installation of Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines-, ABYC P-4, Marine Inboard Engines and Transmissions; ABYC P-6, Prof)eller Shafting Systems-, ABYC P-l4, Mechanical Propulsion Control Systems-, ABYC P-24, Electric/Electronic Propulsion Control Systems, as applicable, and other standards for the type of vessel and intended use.
• Installation requirements for marine auxiliary engine systems that include engines, power takeoffs, and auxiliary machinery shall be incorporated by reference to Chapters 5 and 10 of NFPA 302; ABYC H-2, Ventilation of Boats Using Gaso­line; ABYC H-24, Gasoline Fuel Systems-, ABYC H-32, Ventilation of Boats Using Diesel Fuel-, ABYC H-33, Diesel Fuel Systems-, ABYC P-l, Installation of Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines-, ABYC P-4, Marine Inboard Engines and Transmissions-, ABYC P-6, Propeller Shafting Systems; ABYC P-l 4, Mechanical Propulsion Control Systems, as applicable, and other standards for the type of vessel and its intended use.
• Marine propulsion systems and auxiliary engine systems shall conform to the component manufacturer’s installation requirements and proposed operating requirements.
• The marine propulsion system (s) duty rating shall meet the component manufacturer’s requirement for vessel use, considering factors such as time at full throttle, annual operat­ing hours, final drive horsepower requirements, hull type, and probable time at severe load conditions.

12.1.5 As constrained by Sections 12.2 and 12.3, auxiliary engines on Type I through Type III vessels shall be of the diesel fuel type.

• Outboard Engines.
• Outboard engines shall be permitted to be gasoline fueled and shall comply with ABYC H-26, Powering of Boats’, ABYC S-12, Outboard Motor Transom and Motor Well Dimensions-, and ABYC S-30, Outboard Engine and Related Equipment Weights.
• Vessels shall be required to have fuel systems that are permanendy affixed within the vessel.
• Steering systems shall comply with ABYC P-17, Steering Systems for Outboard, Inboard, Stemdrive, and Water Jet Drive Boats, and ABYC P-l 8, Cable over Pulley Steering Systems for Outboard Motors.
• Mountings of the outboard engines and fit of the outboard(s) with a transom shall comply with ABYC S-12, Outboard Motor Transom and Motor Well Dimensions.
• Inboard Engines.
• Vessel Types.
• For Type I through Type IV vessels, inboard propul­sion and auxiliary engines shall be of the diesel fuel type.
• Type I and Type II vessels shall comply with ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Service on Rivers and Intra- coastal Waterways.
• Type III through Type V vessels shall comply with ABYC P-4, Marine Inboard Engines and Transmissions.
• An engine governor shall be provided to limit the speed of the engine to that speed established by the manufac­turer as the no-load governed speed.

12.3.3* Propulsion Engine Horsepower.

• Where a fire pump is driven by a propulsion engine, the pump drive system shall be rated to at least the rated capacity of the pump.
• Horsepower requirements for propulsion engines, designed for simultaneously powering one or more fire pumps and a propulsion/steering device, shall not exceed 80 percent of the engine’s rated horsepower while at maximum pumping capacity, leaving a minimum 20 percent of the engine’s power for maneuvering.

12.3.4 Engine Shutdown.

12.3.4.1* With the exception of outboard motors, automatic engine shutdown and power reduction shall not be permitted.

12.3.4.2 Audible and visual warning devices for high engine temperature and low oil pressure, convenient to the operator’s position at the helm, shall be installed for each engine.

• Power Trains Using Inboard Engines.

12.4.1 Inboard-mounted propulsion assemblies, including the diesel engine, reduction gear, power take-off (PTO) or clutch, couplings, shafting, and final drive system, shall have a torsional vibration analysis and whirling calculation conducted during the design stage to verify component compatibility and suitability for the service intended.

• The requirement in 12.4.1 shall also comply with ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification – High Speed Craft for Type I and Type II vessels.
• Driveline systems shall have horsepower and speed ratings compatible with the supplied propulsion engine.
• The reduction gear cooling system, controls, and instruments shall conform to ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Service on Riven and Intracoastal Waterways for Type I and Type II vessels and ABYC P-4, Marine Inboard Engines and Transmissions; ABYC P-6, Profreller Shafting Systems; ABYC P-l 4, Mechanical Propulsion Control Systems; ABYC P-23, Steering and Propulsion Controls for Jet Boats; and ABYC P-24, Electric/Elec­tronic Propulsion Control Systems, as appropriate for Type III through Type V and to the manufacturers’ installation and proposed operating requirements.
• Shafting Requirements. Shafting requirements shall conform to one of the following documents:
  • ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Service on Riven and Intracoastal Waterways
  • ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification – High Speed Craft
  • ABYC P-6, Propeller Shafting Systems
• Propeller systems shall conform to the standards within ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Service on Riven and Intracoastal Waterways or ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification – High Speed Craft for Type I and Type II vessels and ABYC P-6, Propeller Shafting Systems, for Type III through Type V vessels.
• Propellers shall be sized and pitched to allow the engine to operate within the engine manufacturers’ specifica­tions under the vessel’s most severe load conditions.
• Steering systems shall comply with ABYC P-17, Steering Systems for Outboard, Inboard, Stemdrive, and Water Jet Drive Boats; ABYC P-18, Cable over Pulley Steering Systems for Outboard Engines, ABYC P-21, Manual Hydraulic Steering Systems; and ABYC P-22, Steering Wheels, for Type III through Type V vessels and ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Service on Riven and Intracoastal Waterways or ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification — High Speed Craft, for Type I and Type II vessels.
• Where a jet drive engine is also used to drive the fire pump, jet drives shall have infinite control capability for revers­ing the discharge flow to provide station keeping ability.
• Jet pump inlet grille(s) shall have provisions for clear­ing the intake area.

12.5 Engine Systems.

12.5.1 General.

• Required engine fuel, exhaust, cooling, starting, ventilation, control, and instrument systems shall be in accord­ance with Chapters 5, 6, 7, and 10 of NFPA 302; ABYC H-2, Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline, ABYC H-24, Gasoline Fuel Systems’, ABYC H-32, Ventilation of Boats Using Diesel Fuel; ABYC H-33, Diesel Fuel Systems; and ABYC P-l, Installation of Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines, as applicable.
• The required engine fuel, exhaust, cooling, starting, ventilation, control, and instrument systems shall conform to the engine manufacturer’s installation and operating require­ments.
• Each inboard propulsion and auxiliary diesel engine shall be equipped with a manufacturer-approved emergency engine shutdown system.
• Where ambient temperatures warrant, inboard engines shall be provided with thermostatically controlled block heaters energized from a shore power cable for heating while the engines are shut down and the vessel is moored.
• Fuel System.
• Fuel systems shall comply with Chapter 7 of NFPA 302; ABYC H-24, Gasoline Fuel Systems; and ABYC H-33, Diesel Fuel Systems.
• Fuel Capacity.
• The fuel capacity shall be sufficient to provide for the transit fuel consumption to and from the scene plus the time listed in Table 5.1 of operation mode for each type of vessel.
• For the purpose of fuel capacity calculation, the following transit fuel consumption shall be used:
  • Responding is the amount of fuel needed to reach the furthermost point in the jurisdiction at the maximum sustainable speed.
  • Return is the amount of fuel needed to return from the furthermost point in the jurisdiction or assigned response area at the speed that produces the best fuel consump­tion.
  • On station is when all fire pumps are operating at maxi­mum capacity, all propulsion engines that are separate from fire pump drive engines are operating at 10 percent of their maximum rating, and generator sets are operat­ing at their full capacity.
• Design consideration shall be given for refueling at the scene or increasing fuel capacity if operations are expected to require more fuel.
• Safety considerations shall limit gasoline refueling at the scene to nonhazardous areas.
• Exhaust Systems.
• Exhaust systems shall comply with Chapter 6 of NFPA 302; and ABYC P-l, Installation of Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines.
• Exhaust systems shall be arranged so as to minimize the intake of exhaust gases into occupied spaces, air- conditioning systems, and engine intakes.
• Where installed, thermal insulation for piping and machinery shall meet the requirements of ASTM F683, Stand­ard Practice for Selection and Application of Thermal Insulation for Piping and Machinery.
• Cooling Systems.

12.5.4.1 Cooling system sea suctions shall comply with ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels Under 90 Meters (295ft) in Length, ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Serv­ice on Rivers and Intracoastal Waterways; or ABS Rules for Condi­tions of Classification – High Speed Craft for Type I and Type II vessels and ABYC P-4, Marine Inboard Engines and Transmissions, for Type III through Type V vessels.

12.5.4.2 Adequate cooling arrangements shall be provided so as to maintain all lubricating oil and engine temperatures within the manufacturer’s recommended limits during all oper­ations for which the craft is intended.

• Starting Systems.
• Air, electric, or hydraulic-starting systems shall comply with NFPA 302; ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Service on Rivers and Intracoastal Waterways; or ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification – High Speed Craft, for Type I and Type II vessels; and NFPA 302; ABYC E-10, Storage Batteries, and ABYC E-ll, Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC) Electrical Systems on Boats, for Type III through Type V vessels.
• Starting systems shall have sufficient capacity with­out recharging for starting each main engine for Type III through Type V vessels.
• At least six consecutive starts shall be required for main and auxiliary engines on Type III through Type V vessels.
• For vessels fitted with multiple main engines, the capacity of the starting system shall be two-thirds the number of main engines times the number of starts required for each engine.
• Ventilation Systems.
• All machinery spaces should be adequately ventilated and comply with Chapters 4, 5, 6, and 7 of NFPA 302; ABYC H-2, Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline, and ABYC H-32, Ventila­tion of Boats Using Diesel Fuel.
• Ventilation systems relative to gasoline-powered vessels shall be in accordance with Chapters 4, 5, 6, and 7 of NFPA 302.
• Machinery space ventilation openings shall be fitted with louvers or baffles to minimize the intake of spray.
• Machinery space ventilation shall comply with engine manufacturer’s recommendations.
• Controls and Instruments.
• Controls and instruments shall conform to ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Service on Rivers and Intra­coastal Waterways and ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification – High Speed Craft for Type I and Type II vessels and ABYC P-14, Mechanical Propulsion Control Systems; ABYC P-23, Steering and Propulsion Controls for Jet Boats; and ABYC P-24, Electric/Electronic Propulsion Control Systems, as appropriate for Type III through Type V vessels.
• Minimum helm-mounted instruments for each inboard propulsion and auxiliary engine provided shall consist of indicators for coolant temperature, oil pressure, tachometer, engine hours, and dc voltmeter.
• Minimum helm-mounted instruments for each outboard propulsion provided shall consist of indicators for engine temperature, tachometer, and engine hours.
• A helm-mounted ac voltmeter shall be provided for auxiliary ac systems, if furnished, and a dc voltmeter or amme­ter shall be provided for dc systems.
• Minimum helm-mounted instruments for each reduc­tion gear provided shall consist of a temperature and pressure indicator.
• Helm-mounted instruments and audible and visual warning devices shall be identified, illuminated, and visible from the operator’s position.
• Minimum helm-mounted controls shall consist of engine start/stop control(s), emergency engine shutdown, throttle control and transmission shift/engagement control (s) for each propulsion system, and control (s) for variable-pitch propellers where provided.

12.6 Auxiliary Engine Systems.

• Auxiliary AC generator system (s) shall be designed for marine use and shall have 10 percent overload capability.
• AC generator systems shall conform to Chapters 5, 6, 9, and 10 of NFPA 302.
• Auxiliary engine(s) for powering fire pumps shall be rated at the power required by the pump with a 10 percent overload capability.
• An engine governor shall be provided to limit the speed of auxiliary engine (s) to that speed established by the manufacturer as the no-load governed speed.
• Auxiliary air compressor system(s) shall be rated for marine use and shall conform to ABS Rules for Building and Clas­sing Steel Vessels for Service on Riven and Intracoastal Waterways or ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification – High Speed Craft for Type I and Type II vessels and 46 CFR 175-187, Subchapter T, “Small Passenger Vessels (Under 100 Gross Tons),” for Type III through Type V vessels.

 Auxiliary Machinery and Systems

13.1.1* Auxiliary machinery and systems on Type I and Type II vessels shall comply with 46 CFR 175-187, Subchapter T, “Small Passenger Vessels (Under 100 Gross Tons)”; ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels; NFPA 302; ABYC A-27, Alter­nating Current (AC) Generator Sets; or 46 CFR 197, “Marine Occu­pational Safety and Health Standards.”

13.1.2* Type III through Type V vessels shall comply with NFPA 302 and the appropriate ABYC standards for small craft.

• Alarm and Monitoring Systems.

13.2.1 All vessels with enclosed bilges or engine and machi­nery compartments shall be equipped with bilge alarms that are installed to indicate high levels of liquids in the vessel’s bilges in accordance with 46 CFR 182.530, Subchapter T, “Bilge High Level Alarms.”

• Audible and visual indicators shall be located in the vicinity of the helm.
• Bilge alarm sending units shall be buffered to compensate for vessel motions.
• Exterior visual and audible annunciation of fire, bilge, and loss of shore power shall be provided.
• Vessels provided with permanendy installed gasoline systems shall be provided with flammable vapor detection system(s).

13.2.2.1 Visual and audible indicators shall be located in the vicinity of the helm.

• Type I and Type II vessels shall be equipped with a general alarm in accordance with 46 CFR 175-187, Subchap­ter T, “Small Passenger Vessels (Under 100 Gross Tons).”
• Compressed Air Systems.
• Where vessels are equipped with service air systems that are used for propulsion control, engine starting, or fire main operation, such service air systems shall be equipped with a low-pressure alarm.
• Where vessels are equipped with a system for refilling SCBA, such systems shall deliver Type I, Grade D quality or better air as specified in CGA G-7.1, Commodity Specifications for Air.
• Steering Systems.
• All vessels shall have a primary and emergency steering system as required by 46 CFR 182, Subchapter T, “Small Passen­ger Vessels (Under 100 Gross Tons).”
• Steering control and rudder angle indicator shall be provided.
• Where provided, secondary steering locations shall include engine start/stop, clutch/throttle, and thruster controls.
• Bilge and Ballast Systems. Bilge pumps and bilge piping and ballast systems shall be installed in accordance with 46 CFR 182.500-183.540, Subchapter T, “Small Passenger Vessels (Under 100 Gross Tons),” and 46 CFR 56.50-55, “Bilge Pumps.”
• Sanitary Systems. Design and construction of marine sanitation devices shall meet the requirements of 33 CFR 1251- 1387, “Federal Water Pollution Control Act” (Clean Water Act, Amended 1972), 2000, and other local and federal government requirements.
• Hydraulic Systems. All pressure piping materials and components used in power-driven pressure systems shall comply with 46 CFR 50-64, Subchapter F, “Marine Engineer­ing.”
• Wiper Systems.
• Hand or mechanical wiper systems shall be provided on all forward-facing windows.
• Windows equipped with a wiper system shall be provi­ded with a means of defrosting and washing.

13.8.3* For vessels operating where freezing conditions are possible, a means of de-icing forward-facing windows shall be provided.

13.8.4* Wipers shall ensure maximum practical clear window area for each window on which they are utilized.

13.8.5* Windshield washing fluid shall be permitted to be drawn from the potable water system, provided that the water supply is filtered.

• Thruster Systems Not Involving the Fire Main System.

Vessels equipped with thrusters not supplied by the vessel’s fire main system that are used for station keeping shall comply with the requirements of Section 2 ofABS Rules for Building and Clas­sing Steel Vessels Under 90 Meters (295 ft) in Length; ABYC E-ll, Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC) Electrical Systems on Boats; and Chapter 9 of NFPA 302 as appropriate.

• Piping and Systems Insulation.
• Where utilized, thermal insulation for piping systems and machinery shall meet the requirements of ASTM F683, Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Thermal Insulation for Piping and Machinery.
• Piping systems that contain high temperature gases or liquids shall be insulated in any areas where there is risk of human contact.
• Piping that contains cold liquids, when passing through warm spaces, shall be insulated to prevent condensa­tion where condensation could cause damage.
• All piping and appliances that are designed to remain “filled” during periods of freezing temperatures shall be insula­ted and protected to prevent freezing of the liquid.

Chapter 14 Electrical Systems

14.1 General.

• Electrical systems for vessels shall comply with Chap­ters 9 and 10 of NFPA 302; ABYC E-ll, Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC) Electrical Systems on Boats:, ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels Under 90 Meters (295 ft) in Length, 46 CFR 111, “Electric Systems — General Require­ments”; or 46 CFR 112, “Emergency Lighting and Power Systems,” as appropriate and ABYC A-31, Battery Chargers and Inverters.
• All wire and cable shall be clearly marked or color- coded and verified against the electrical drawings of the vessel.
• Emergency Lighting. All marine fire-fighting vessels shall be provided with emergency lighting in the engine room or machinery compartment.
• All Type I through Type III marine fire-fighting vessels shall also be provided with emergency lighting in accommodation spaces, in first aid stations, and at all means of egress.
• Emergency lighting shall have a power source inde­pendent of the main power system.
• The duration of the emergency lighting for Type I through Type III marine fire-fighting vessels shall be at least 3 hours.
• Where provided, the duration of the emergency lighting for Type IV and Type V marine fire-fighting vessels shall be at least 90 minutes.
• The power source shall be permitted to be any one of the following:
  • Automatically connected or manually controlled storage battery
  • Automatically or manually started generator
  • Relay-controlled, battery-operated lanterns
• Battery Systems.
• All vessels with battery-starling systems shall be provi­ded with a starting battery that is separate and independent of the ship service load and that can be isolated from the ship service load when the engine is not running.
• Battery Banks.
• Type I through Type IV vessels with battery-starting systems shall have a minimum of two battery banks, either of which shall be capable of starting the engine (s).
• A master switch shall allow selection of either bank.
• Navigation Lights. Navigation lights shall comply with USCG Navigation Rules—International and Inland (33 CFR, Parts 1-124).
•  
• Type I through Type III marine fire-fighting vessels shall be equipped with at least two mounted searchlights, each with a minimum of 3 million candle power (3,000,000 candle- power) .
• Type IV marine fire-fighting vessels shall be equipped with at least one mounted searchlight with a minimum of 3 million candlepower (3,000,000 candlepower).
• Type V marine fire-fighting vessels shall be equipped with at least one 1 million candlepower (1,000,000 candle- power) portable searchlight.

14.4.4* The combined arc of rotation of all mounted search­lights shall be not less than 360 degrees, and lights shall be mounted to permit the illumination of the water as close to the marine fire-fighting vessel as possible.

Chapter 15 Outfitting

15.1 General.

• Installation of accommodations and access and egress shall comply with NFPA 302; ABYC Standards and Technical Infor­mation Reports for Small Craft, ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels Under 90 Meters (295 ft) in Length, or 46 CFR 177, “Construction and Arrangement,” as appropriate.
• All accommodation spaces below the weather deck shall be provided with mechanical ventilation.
• Facilities shall be provided for the additional fire fight­ers or other emergency response personnel who are likely to be aboard the vessel.
• Considerations shall be given for access and egress of personnel wearing full personal protection equipment (PPE).
• For vessels equipped with medical treatment areas, considerations shall be given to the selection of materials for ease of cleaning and disinfection.

1925-31

OUTFITTING

15.2* Toilet Facilities. Type I through Type IV marine fire- fighting vessels shall have approved marine sanitation device(s) and sink(s) commensurate with the number of the crew.

• Storage Compartments. 15.3.1 General.
• Compartments for marine equipment shall provide secure stowage and quick access to ensure safe vessel opera­tions.
• Compartments, where provided, shall have drains and vents to retard mildew and rot.
•  
• Thermal and Fire Insulation. Type I and Type II vessels shall be fitted with structural fire protection meeting the requirements of USCG, NVIC 9-97, Guide to Structural Fire Protec­tion.
• Acoustical Insulation.
• Type I through Type IV vessels shall be insulated acoustically to provide a maximum of 85 dBA in interior spaces other than machinery spaces, and 90 dBA on exterior decks, at both full speed and full pumping capacity.
• Persons in areas that measure greater than 90 dBA shall be required to wear hearing protection according to Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) stand­ards.
• Deck Surfaces. Non-skid surfaces shall be used in the following areas:
  • Exterior walkways and companionways
  • Shower areas
  • Weather decks
  • Ladder steps and rungs
  • Walkways in machinery spaces
• Ground Tackle.

15.6.1 Each vessel shall be equipped with fittings, ground tackle, and lines compatible with its intended use.

15.6.2* All Type I through Type III vessels shall carry at least one set of ground tackle that shall comply with the require­ments of ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels Under 9G Meters (295 ft) in Length or ABYC H-40, Anchoring, Mooring, and Lifting.

15.6.3* All Type IV and Type V vessels shall carry at least one set of ground tackle that shall comply with the requirements for storm anchors of ABYC H^O, Anchoring, Mooring, and Lift­ing.

15.6.4 When selecting an anchor, consideration shall be given to the type of bottom, type of rode, and the factors of size, weight, and design of anchor.

15.6.5* The anchor rode for Type I through Type III vessels shall be a minimum of 300 ft (91 m) in length and for Type IV vessels, a minimum of 200 ft (61 m) in length.

15.6.6 The anchor rode shall provide for shock absorption, rot, and decay resistance at least equivalent to that of nylon.

• Anchor Storage.
• The anchor shall be stowed in such a manner that it cannot break loose under storm conditions.
• The anchor and its rode shall be located where they are readily accessible and can be rapidly deployed.
• Rodes, when attached to anchors, shall be attached by means of shackles and swivels.
• Fiber rodes shall also incorporate thimbles.
• The bitter end of the rode shall be securely attached to the vessel.
• The anchor shackles and other means of attaching the anchor to the rode shall exceed the recommended working strength of the rode.
• All ground tackle components shall be constructed of corrosion-resistant material or be protectively coated for use in the marine environment.

15.8 Mooring Lines.

• Dock lines shall be no less than the diameter required for the anchor rode.
• All Type I through Type IV vessels shall be provided with a minimum of five dock lines.
• Each dock line shall be at least as long as the vessel, and one shall be at least l’/₂ times the vessel’s length.
• Mooring bitts and cleats shall be of sufficient size to accommodate the recommended diameter of the anchor rode or the dock lines.
• The working surfaces and edges shall be smooth and rounded to minimize chafing.
• The mooring bitt or cleats shall be secured to a foun­dation that is of adequate strength to carry the mooring loads.
• All vessels shall carry at least two boat hooks with a minimum length of 12 ft (3.8 m).

15.9* Emergency Towing. All marine fire-fighting vessels shall be equipped with a means of safely towing a vessel of compara­ble size and displacement in an emergency situation.

• Lifesaving and Rescue Equipment. 15.10.1 Capacity Number.
• All vessels shall have a posted capacity number.
• This number shall be the sum of the assigned crew, anticipated supplementary crew, and anticipated passengers.

15.10.2* Whenever the freeboard of the vessel exceeds 24 in. (610 mm), the vessel shall be equipped with means to facilitate boarding from smaller vessels and from the water.

• * Personal Flotation Devices.

15.11.1* Where the vessel operates in cold water, the vessel shall carry an immersion suit for each crew member.

15.11.2* A person overboard recovery system shall be provi­ded.

• Type I and Type II vessels shall have at least four Type IV throwable flotation devices provided on the vessel, Type III and Type IV vessels shall have at least two, and Type V vessels shall have at least one.
• Buoyant Apparatus and Life Rafts.

15.11.4.1 Where provided, buoyant apparatus, life rafts, or equivalent to be used only in emergencies shall be provided

Once the current edition is published, a Standard is opened for

Public Input.

Step 1 – Input Stage

• Input accepted from the public or other committees for consideration to develop the First Draft
• Technical Committee holds First Draft Meeting to revise Standard (23 weeks); Technical Committee (s) with Cor­relating Committee (10 weeks)
• Technical Committee ballots on First Draft (12 weeks); Technical Committee (s) with Correlating Committee (11 weeks)
• Correlating Committee First Draft Meeting (9 weeks)
• Correlating Committee ballots on First Draft (5 weeks)
• First Draft Report posted on the document information page

Step 2 – Comment Stage

• Public Comments accepted on First Draft (10 weeks) fol­lowing posting of First Draft Report
• If Standard does not receive Public Comments and the Technical Committee chooses not to hold a Second Draft meeting, the Standard becomes a Consent Standard and is sent directly to the Standards Council for issuance (see Step 4) or
• Technical Committee holds Second Draft Meeting (21 weeks); Technical Committee(s) with Correlating Committee (7 weeks)
• Technical Committee ballots on Second Draft (11 weeks); Technical Committee (s) with Correlating Committee (10 weeks)
• Correlating Committee Second Draft Meeting (9 weeks)
• Correlating Committee ballots on Second Draft (8 weeks)
• Second Draft Report posted on the document informa­tion page

Step 3 – NFPA Technical Meeting

• Notice of Intent to Make a Motion (NITMAM) accepted (5 weeks) following the posting of Second Draft Report
• NITMAMs are reviewed and valid motions are certified by the Motions Committee for presentation at the NFPA Technical Meeting
• NFPA membership meets each June at the NFPA Techni­cal Meeting to act on Standards with “Certified Amend­ing Motions” (certified NITMAMs)
• Committee (s) vote on any successful amendments to the Technical Committee Reports made by the NFPA mem­bership at the NFPA Technical Meeting

Step 4 – Council Appeals and Issuance of Standard

• Notification of intent to file an appeal to the Standards Council on Technical Meeting action must be filed within 20 days of the NFPA Technical Meeting
• Standards Council decides, based on all evidence, whether to issue the standard or to take other action

Notes:

1. Time periods are approximate; refer to published sched­ules for actual dates.
2. Annual revision cycle documents with certified amend­ing motions take approximately 101 weeks to complete.

Sequence of Events for the Standards Development Process

3. Fall revision cycle documents receiving certified amend­ing motions take approximately 141 weeks to complete.

The following classifications apply to Committee members and represent their principal interest in the activity of the Committee.

1. M Manufacturer: A representative of a maker or mar­

keter of a product, assembly, or system, or portion thereof, that is affected by the standard.

2. U User: A representative of an entity that is subject to

the provisions of the standard or that voluntarily uses the standard.

3. IM Installer/Maintainor: A representative of an entity that

is in the business of installing or maintaining a prod­uct, assembly, or system affected by the standard.

4. L Labor: A labor representative or employee concerned

with safety in the workplace.

5. RT Applied Research/Testing Laboratory: A representative

of an independent testing laboratory or indepen­dent applied research organization that promulgates and/or enforces standards.

6. E Enforcing Authority: A. representative of an agency or

an organization that promulgates and/or enforces standards.

7. I Insurance: A representative of an insurance company,

broker, agent, bureau, or inspection agency.

8. C Consumer: A person who is or represents the ultimate

purchaser of a product, system, or service affected by the standard, but who is not included in (2).

9. SE Special Expert: A person not representing (1) through

(8) and who has special expertise in the scope of the standard or portion thereof.

NOTE 1: “Standard” connotes code, standard, recom­mended practice, or guide.

NOTE 2: A representative includes an employee.

Committee Membership Classifications^1,2‘³‘⁴

6/16-A

NOTE 3: While these classifications will be used by the Standards Council to achieve a balance for Technical Com­mittees, the Standards Council may determine that new classifications of member or unique interests need repre­sentation in order to foster the best possible Committee deliberations on any project. In this connection, the Stan­dards Council may make such appointments as it deems appropriate in the public interest, such as the classification of “Utilities” in the National Electrical Code Committee. NOTE 4: Representatives of subsidiaries of any group are generally considered to have the same classification as the parent organization.