EN 54-4 Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 4: Power supply equipment
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements, methods of test and performance criteria for power supply equipment of fire detection and fire alarm systems installed in buildings. This includes component L of Figure 1 of EN 54-1:1996 and power supply equipment that supplies power directly to components other than the control and indicating equipment, unless otherwise specified in other Parts of EN 54.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
# EN 54-1:1996, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 1: Introduction
EN 54-2:1997, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 2: Control and indicating equipment
EN 54-7:2000, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 7: Smoke detectors — Point detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization
EN 50130-4:1995, Alarm systems — Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility — Product family standard: Immunity requirements for components of fire, intruder and social alarm systems
EN 60068-1:1994, Environmental testing — Part 1: General and guidance (IEC 60068-1:1988 + corr. October 1988 + A1:1992)
EN 60068-2-1:1993, Environmental testing; part 2: tests; tests A: cold (IEC 60068-2-1:1990)
EN 60068-2-6:1995, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests — Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) (IEC 60068-2-6:1995 + Corrigendum 1995)
EN 60068-2-47:2005, Environmental testing — Part 2-47: Test — Mounting of specimens for vibration, impact and similar dynamic tests (IEC 60068-2-47:2005)
EN 60068-2-75:1997, Environmental testing — Part 2-75: Tests — Test Eh: Hammer tests (IEC 60068-2-75:1997)
EN 60068-2-78:2001, Environmental testing — Part 2-78: Tests — Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state (IEC 60068-2-78:2001)
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN 60721-3-3:1995, Classification of environmental conditions — Part 3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities — Section 3: Stationary use at weatherprotected locations (IEC 60721-3-3:1994)
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 54-1:1996 and the following apply.
3.1.1
final voltage
lowest voltage, specified by the battery manufacturer, to which a battery should be discharged
3.1.2
fully charged voltage
highest voltage which characterises a fully charged battery as specified by the battery manufacturer
3.1.3
I max. a
rated maximum output current which can be supplied continuously
3.1.4
I max. b
rated maximum output current higher than I max. a, which can be supplied while battery charging is not required
3.1.5
integrated PSE
PSE within other equipment where it is not possible for the manufacturer to specify the output voltage range(s) of the PSE and the input voltage range(s) of that equipment and where its repair involves replacement of a part or the whole of the other equipment $
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this European Standard the following abbreviations apply.
PSE: power supply equipment (L of Figure 1 of EN 54-1)
4 General requirements 4.1 Conformity
In order to conform to this standard, the # PSE $ shall meet the requirements of Clauses 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, shall be tested as described in Clause 9 and shall meet the requirements of the tests.
# 4.2 Power sources
4.2.1 The PSE shall have at least two power sources, a main power source and a standby power source.
4.2.2 The main power source shall be designed to operate from the public electricity supply or equivalent system.
4.2.3 At least one standby power source shall be a rechargeable battery.
4.2.4 The PSE shall include charging equipment to charge the battery and maintain it in a fully charged state.
4.2.5 Each power source, on its own, shall be capable of meeting the PSE manufacturer’s output specification or, in the case of an integrated PSE, it shall be capable of operating the equipment in which it is integrated within its specifications.
4.2.6 When the main power source is available it shall be the exclusive source of power to the fire detection and fire alarm system, other than for currents associated with battery monitoring.
4.2.7 If the main power source fails, the PSE shall be automatically switched over to a standby power source. When the main power source is restored, the PSE shall be automatically switched back. $
# 4.2.8 If the PSE is integrated within other equipment of the fire detection and fire alarm system, the switching from one power source to the other shall not cause any change in status or indications other than those relating to the power supply.
4.2.9 If the PSE is separated from other equipment of the fire detection and fire alarm system, and the switching from one power source to the other causes an interruption in supply of power, then the duration of the interruption shall be specified in the manufacturer’s data.
4.2.10 Failure of one of the power sources shall not cause the failure of any other power source or the failure of the supply of power to the system. $
5 Functions
5.1 Power supply from the main power source
When operated from the main power source, the # PSE $:
a) shall be capable of operating in accordance with its specification given in the manufacturer’s data irrespective of the condition of the standby power source. This includes any charge condition of the battery, or open-circuit or short-circuit of the connection to the battery;
# b) shall be capable of continuously supplying I max. a and simultaneously charging a battery which has been discharged to its final voltage;
c) may allow battery charging to be limited or interrupted when the PSE is delivering a current greater than I max. a. $
5.2 Power supply from the standby power source (battery)
5.2.1 When operated from the standby power source, the PSE shall be capable of operating in accordance with the specification given in the manufacturer’s data, irrespective of the condition of the main power source # and with a high internal resistance of the battery and its associated circuitry, e.g. connections, fuses (see Annex A).
Note deleted $
5.2.2 The battery shall:
a) be rechargeable;
b) be suitable to be maintained in a fully charged state;
c) be constructed for stationary use;
d) be marked with # its type designation and code or number identifying the production period. $
If the battery is mounted in a cabinet which houses other fire detection and fire alarm equipment, it shall be of the ‘ sealed type and shall be mounted in accordance with the manufacturer’s data.
5.2.3jWhen operating from the standby power source the PSE shall have a facility to switch off the PSE output(s) if the output voltage(s) or the voltage of the battery falls below a value specified by the PSE manufacturer. $
5.3 Charger
5.3.1 The charger shall be designed and rated so that:
a) the battery can be charged automatically;
b) a battery discharged to its final voltage can be recharged to at least 80 % of its rated capacity within 24 hours and to its rated capacity within another 48 hours;
c) the charging characteristics are within the battery manufacturer’s specifications for the range of battery temperatures reached with the ambient temperature (i.e. outside the standby power source enclosure) from – 5 °C to + 40 °C. $
5.3.2 Except for currents associated with battery monitoring, the battery shall not discharge through the charger when the charging voltage is below the battery voltage.
5.4 Faults
The PSE shall be capable of recognizing and signalling the following faults:
a) loss of the main power source, within 30 minutes of the occurrence;
b) loss of the standby power source, within 15 minutes of the occurrence;
# c) a high internal resistance of the battery and its associated circuitry, e.g. connections, fuses within 4, h of the occurrence (see Annex A);
d) loss of the battery charger, within 30 min of the occurrence, except where the charger is switched off or limited as under 5.1.c.
If the PSE is separately housed from the CIE, at least a fault output common to the above-mentioned faults shall be provided. This output signal shall also be given if the PSE is de-energized.
If the PSE is housed within the cabinet of the CIE, the above-mentioned faults shall be indicated in accordance with EN 54-2 either on the CIE or on the PSE itself. $
6 Materials, design and manufacture
6.1 Manufacturer’s declaration
In order to assist the process of design inspection, the manufacturer shall declare the following in writing:
a) that the design has been carried out in accordance with a quality management system which incorporates a set of rules for the design of all elements of the #PSE $;
b) that the components of the # PSE $ have been selected for the intended purpose and are expected to operate within their specification when the environmental conditions outside the cabinet of the p.s.e conform to class 3K5 of #EN 60721-3-3:1995 $.
6.2 Mechanical design
6.2.1 The cabinet of the PSE shall be of robust construction, consistent with the method of installation recommended in the documentation. It shall meet at least classification IP 30 of EN 60529:1991.
6.2.2 The PSE may be housed either in a separate cabinet or in cabinets associated with other fire detection and fire alarm system equipment.
6.2.3 If the PSE is housed in the CIE, manual controls, fuses, calibration elements etc. for disconnection and adjustment of the power sources shall be accessible only at access level 3 of EN 54-2.
6.2.4 If the PSE is not housed in the CIE, manual controls, fuses, calibration elements etc. for
4.3 Power supply interface
If the PSE is designed to be used with a CIE (item B in Figure 1 of EN 541:1996) contained in a separate cabinet, then an interface shall be provided for at least two transmission paths to the CIE, such that a short circuit or interruption in one does not prevent the supply of power. $
7 Documentation
7.1 User’s documentation
# The manufacturer shall prepare installation and user documentation, which shall be submitted to the testing authority together with the PSE. This shall comprise at least the following:
a) a general description of the equipment;
b) technical specifications of the inputs and outputs of the PSE, sufficient to permit an assesment of the mechanical and electrical compatibility with other components of the system (as described in EN 54-1) including:
1) power requirements for recommended operation;
2) the maximum and minimum electrical ratings for each input and output;
3) information on the communication parameters employed by the transmission paths;
4) fuse ratings;
5) the types and the maximum and minimum capacities of the batteries suitable for use with the
c) installation information, including:
1) the suitability for use in various environments;
2) mounting instructions;
3) instructions for connecting inputs and outputs;
d) commissioning instructions;
e) operating instructions;
f) maintenance information.
8 Marking
a) the number of this European Standard (i.e. EN 54-4);
b) the name or trademark of the manufacturer or supplier;
c) the type number or other designation of the PSE;
d) the code or number identifying the production period of the PSE.
9 Tests
9.1 General
9.1.1 Standard atmospheric conditions for testing
Unless otherwise stated in a test method, the testing shall be carried out after the test specimen has been allowed to stabilize in the standard atmospheric conditions for testing as described in i
9.1.2 Mounting and orientation
Unless otherwise stated in a test procedure, the specimen shall be mounted in its normal orientation by the normal means of mounting indicated by the manufacturer.
9.1.3 Electrical connection
If the test procedure requires the specimen to be operating, then unless otherwise specified:
a) it shall be connected to the mains and to a battery # of an appropriate capacity for the test;
b) the output(s) shall be loaded corresponding to I max. a;
c) All inputs and outputs shall be connected to cables, equipment and/or dummy loads as specified by the manufacturer.
NOTE For integrated PSE the loading corresponding to I max. a is the condition of the equipment with maximum internal power dissipation and output loading that can be expected to occur continuously. $
9.2 Functional tests #9.2.1 General
The functional tests are shown in Table 1.
# 9.2.1.1 For integrated PSE the loading corresponding to I max. b is the condition of the equipment with the maximum internal power dissipation and output loading that can be expected to occur while battery charging is not required.
9.2.1.2 If the equivalent of I max. b is not specified by the manufacturer, the condition equivalent to I max. a shall be applied.
9.2.1.3 For non-integrated PSE, I min. is the minimum output current specified by the manufacturer.
9.2.1.4 For integrated PSE, the loading corresponding to I min. is the condition of the equipment with the minimum internal power dissipation and minimum output loading.
9.2.2 Full functional test
9.2.2.1 Procedure for non-integrated PSE
The test consists of all 9 tests with voltage combinations and output current as given in Table 1.
During tests 1 and 2 the output voltages of the PSE and the temperatures of the components with high
The ripple measurement shall include the switching frequency in the case of a switch mode technology PSE.
9.2.2.2 Requirements for integrated PSE
In test 1 up to 9 the functions of the equipment within which the PSE is integrated shall stay within the manufacturer’s specification.
In tests 1 and 2 the surface temperature of the components shall not exceed the maximum temperature given by the PSE manufacturer.
9.2.3 Reduced functional test
9.2.3.1 Procedure for non-integrated PSE
The test consists of test 8 and test 9 as given in Table 1. The output voltages and test results shall be measured and recorded except in test 8 where the ripple voltage need not be measured.
9.2.3.2 Requirements for non-integrated PSE
The output voltage(s) shall remain within the range specified by the PSE manufacturer. $
# 9.2.3.3 Procedure for the integrated PSE
The test consists of tests 8 and 9 as given in Table 1. Monitor the specimen during the tests to check that functions of the equipment within which the PSE is integrated stay within specification.
9.2.3.4 Requirement for integrated PSE
The functions of the equipment within which the PSE is integrated shall stay within the manufacturer’s specification.
Text deleted $
9.3 Test of the charger and the standby power source
9.3.1 Test procedure
9.3.1.1 # A battery of maximum capacity shall be used. $ Discharge the battery to its final voltage at a discharge current of Id = C/20 amperes for lead acid type batteries, or Id = C/10 amperes for nickel cadmium type batteries, where C is the rated ampere hour capacity of the battery, given by the battery manufacturer. ! For other battery types, the discharge current shall be that for which the battery manufacturer specifies the rated capacity. “
9.3.1.2 # Charge the battery for 72 h with the appropriate charger connected to the nominal mains (Vn) while the PSE output is loaded by I max. a. Text deleted
Note deleted $
9.3.1.3 Repeat the procedure as in 9.3.1.1 and measure the discharge time (T1) in hours.
9.3.1.4 # Charge the battery again for 24 h at Vn – 15 % while the PSE output is loaded by I max. a. Text deleted
Note deleted $
9.3.1.5 Discharge the battery again to its final voltage at a discharge current as in 9.3.1.1 and measure the discharge time (T2) in hours.
9.3.2 Requirements
The product of the discharge time T1 and the discharge current Id shall be not less than the rated capacity of the battery (C).
The product of the discharge time T2 and the discharge current Id shall be not less than 0,8 x the rated capacity of the battery (C).
# 9.4 Environmental tests 9.4.1 General
One or more specimens may be supplied for environmental testing.
If the PSE is housed within other equipment for which there is a European Standard, e.g. EN 54-2 for the CIE, then the environmental tests in that standard shall be carried out. However, the functional test required by 9.4.2 and 9.4.3 of this standard shall be carried out in addition to the functional test of that standard.
9.4.2 Tests for one specimen
If a single specimen is supplied for environmental testing, the specimen shall be subjected to all of the tests, which may be carried out in any order. The full functional test (9.2.2) shall be carried out before and after the series of environmental tests. The reduced functional test (9.2.3) shall be carried out before, during (if specified) and after each environmental test.
The reduced functional test after one environmental test may be taken as the reduced functional test before the next environmental test.
9.4.3 Tests for more than one specimens
If more than one specimen is supplied for environmental testing, then the tests may be divided between the specimens and carried out in any order. The full functional test (9.2.2) shall be carried out on one specimen before the series of environmental tests and on each of the specimens after the last environmental test on that specimen.
The reduced functional test (9.2.3) shall be carried out before, during (if specified) and after each environmental test.
For each specimen, the reduced functional test after one environmental test may be taken as the reduced functional test before the next environmental test.
9.4.4 Requirements
When subjected to the functional test, each specimen shall satisfy the relevant requirements in 9.2.2 or 9.2.3.
Any mechanical damage to the specimen observed following the tests 9.5 to 9.15 shall not jeopardise any mandatory function of this European Standard.
9.5 Cold (operational)
9.5.1 Object of the test
The object of the test is to demonstrate the ability of the equipment to function correctly at low ambient temperatures appropriate to the anticipated service environment.
9.5.2.1 Measurements during conditioning
Monitor the specimen during the conditioning period to check that output voltages are within the specifications. During the last hour of the conditioning period, subject the specimen to the reduced functional test.
9.5.2.2 Final measurements
After the recovery period, subject the specimen to the functional test required by 9.4.5 and inspect it visually for mechanical damage both externally and internally.
9.6 Damp heat, steady state (operational)
9.6.1 Object of the test
The object of the test is to demonstrate the ability of the equipment to function correctly at high relative humidities (without condensation), which may occur for short periods in the service environment.
9.6.2 Test procedure
9.6.2.1 General
9.6.2.2 Measurements during conditioning
Monitor the specimen during the conditioning period to check that output voltages are within the specifications. During the last hour of the conditioning period, subject the specimen to the reduced functional test.
9.6.2.3 Final measurements
After the recovery period, subject the specimen to the functional test required by 9.4.5 and inspect it visually for mechanical damage both externally and internally.
9.7 Impact (operational) 9.7.1 Object of the test
The object of the test is to demonstrate the immunity of the equipment to mechanical impacts upon the surface, which it may sustain in the normal service environment and which it can reasonably be expected to withstand.
9.7.2 Test procedure
9.7.2.1 General
Apply the test apparatus and procedure described in # EN 60068-2-75:1997, Test Ehb $.
9.7.2.2 Initial examination
Before conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test required by 9.4.5.
9.7.2.3 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as required by 9.1.2, be connected as required by 9.1.3 and be operating.
9.7.2.4 Measurements during conditioning
Monitor the specimen during the conditioning periods to check that output voltages stay within the specifications and ensure that results of three blows do not influence subsequent series.
9.7.2.5 Final measurements
After the recovery period, subject the specimen to the functional test required by 9.4.5 and inspect it visually for mechanical damage both externally and internally.
9.8 Vibration, sinusoidal (operational)
9.8.1 Object of the test
The object of the test is to demonstrate the immunity of the equipment to vibrations at levels appropriate to the service environment.
9.8.2.1 Conditioning
Subject the specimen to vibration in each of the three mutually perpendicular axes in turn, one of which is perpendicular to the plane of mounting of the specimen.
Apply the following severity of conditioning:
a) frequency range: 10 Hz to 150 Hz;
b) acceleration amplitude: 0,981 m-s-2 (0,1 gn);
c) number of axes: 3;
d) number of sweep cycles per axis: 1 for each functional condition.
9.8.2.2 Measurements during conditioning
Monitor the specimen during the conditioning periods to check that output voltages stay within the specifications.
9.8.2.3 Final measurements
After the recovery period, subject the specimen to the functional test required by 9.4.5 and inspect it visually for mechanical damage both externally and internally.
# 9.9 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Immunity tests (operational)
The following EMC immunity tests shall be carried out, as described in EN 50130-4:
a) mains voltage variations,
b) mains supply voltage dips and interruptions,
c) electrostatic discharge,
d) radiated electromagnetic fields,
e) conducted disturbances induced by electromagnetic fields,
f) fast transient bursts;
9.9.1 Object of the test
The object of the test is to demonstrate the immunity of the equipment to electrostatic discharges caused by personnel, who may have become electrostatically charged, touching the equipment or other equipment near by.
9.9.2 Test procedure
9.9.2.1 General
The test procedure for type tests performed in laboratories shall be used, as described in IEC 801-2:1991. The tests consist of:
a) direct electrostatic discharges onto parts of the equipment accessible to the operator (i.e. at access level 2, as specified in EN 52-2); I;
b) indirect electrostatic discharges onto adjacent coupling planes. ‘
9.9.2.2 Initial examination
Before conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test required by 9.4.5.
9.9.2.3 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as required by 9.1.2, be connected as required by 9.1.3 and be operatin
Measurements during conditioning
Monitor the specimen during the conditioning period to check that output voltages stay within the specifications.
9.9.2.5 Final measurements
After conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test required by 9.4.5 and inspect it visually for mechanical damage both externally and internally.
9.11 Damp heat, steady state (endurance)
9.14.1 Object of the test
The object of the test is to demonstrate the ability of the equipment to withstand the long term effects of humidity in the service environment (e.g. changes in electrical properties due to absorption, chemical reactions involving moisture, galvanic corrosion etc.).
9.14.2 Test procedure
9.14.2.1 General
Use the test procedure described in # EN 60068-2-78:2001 $.
After conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test required by 9.4.5 and inspect it visually for mechanical damage both externally and internally.
9.15 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance)
9.15.1 The object of the test
The object of the test is to demonstrate the ability of the equipment to withstand the long term effects of vibration at levels appropriate to the environment.
9.15.2 Test procedure
9.15.2.1 General
Use the test procedure described in # EN 60068-2-6:1995 $.
NOTE The vibration endurance test may be combined with the vibration operational test, so that the specimen is subjected to the operational test conditioning followed by the endurance test conditioning in each axis in turn.
9.15.2.2 Initial examination
Before conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test required by 9.4.5.
9.15.2.3 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as required by 9.1.2 and in accordance with # EN 60068-2-47:2005 $. The specimen shall not be supplied with power during the conditioning.
9.15.2.4 Conditioning
Subject the specimen to vibration in each of the three mutually perpendicular axes in turn, one of which is perpendicular to the plane of mounting of the specimen.
Apply the following severity of conditioning:
a) frequency range: 10 Hz to 150 Hz;
b) acceleration amplitude: 4,905 m-s-2 (0.5 gn);
c) number of axes: 3;
d) number of sweep cycles: 20 per axis.
9.15.2.5 Final measurement
After conditioning, subject the specimen to the functional test required by 9.4.5 and inspect it visually for mechanical damage both externally and internally.