EN 54-18 Fire detection and fire alarm systems —Part 18: Input/output devices
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for input/output devices connected to a transmission path of a fire detection and fire alarm system, used to receive and/or transmit electrical signals to or from the transmission path, necessary for the operation of the fire detection and fire alarm system and/or fire protection system.
An input/output device may be a physically separate device or its function may be integrated into another device.in which case this European Standard may be used to assess this function.
Control and indicating equipment, and ancillary control and indicating equipment (e.g. repeater panels and fire brigades panels) are not covered by this European Standard.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 54-1:1996, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 1: Introduction
EN 50130-4:1995, Alarm systems — Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility – Product family standard: Immunity requirements for components of fire, intruder and social alarm systems
EN 60068-1, Environmental testing — Part 1: General and guidance (IEC 60068-1:1988 + Corrigendum 1988 + A1:1992)
EN 60068-2-1, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests — Tests A: Cold (IEC 60068-2-1:1990)
EN 60068-2-2, Basic environmental testing procedures — Part 2: Tests — Tests B: Dry heat (IEC 60068-2¬2:1974 + IEC 60068-2-2A:1976)
EN 60068-2-6, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests — Test Fc: Vibration, (sinusoidal) (IEC 60068-2-6:1995 + Corrigendum 1995)
EN 60068-2-27, Basic environmental testing procedures — Part 2: Tests — Test Ea and guidance: Shock (IEC 60068-2-27:1987)
EN 60068-2-30, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests — Test Db and guidance: Damp heat, cyclic (12 + 12 hour cycle) (IEC 60068-2-30:1980 + A1:1985)
EN 60068-2-42, Environmental testing — Part 2-42: Tests — Test Kc: Sulphur dioxide test for contacts and connections (IEC 60068-2-42:2003)
EN 60068-2-75, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests — Test Eh: Hammer tests (IEC 60068-2-75:1997)
EN 60068-2-78, Environmental testing — Part 2-78: Tests — Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state (IEC 60068¬2-78:2001)
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 54-1:1996 and the following apply.
3.1.1
input/output device
device connected to a transmission path of a fire detection and fire alarm system, used to receive and/or transmit electrical signals necessary for the operation of the fire detection and fire alarm system
3.1.2
conditioning
exposure of a specimen to environmental conditions in order to determine the effect of such conditions on the specimen
3.1.3 recovery
treatment of a specimen, after conditioning, so that the properties of the specimen may be stabilised before measurement
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following abbreviations apply: CIE: Control and indicating equipment. EMC: Electromagnetic compatibility.
4 Requirements
4.1 Compliance
In order to comply with this European Standard, the input/output devices shall meet the requirements of this clause, which shall be verified by inspection and engineering assessment, shall be tested as described in Clause 5 and shall meet the requirements of the tests. For input/output devices integrated into another device, which is already covered by an existing European Standard, the environmental conditioning shall be performed in accordance with that European Standard, with the addition of the functional tests before, during and/or after conditioning, as required in this European Standard.
In some detector standards/specifications, the dry heat (operational) test is conducted in special test equipment (e.g. in the heat tunnel for heat detectors). The required functional testing of the integrated input/output device before, during and after the dry heat conditioning may be done in this equipment, if this is possible without disrupting the detector measurements. Otherwise, a separate dry heat test, with the same conditioning, shall be conducted. For heat detectors, the test temperature is the maximum application temperature.
4.2 Monitoring of detachable devices
If an input/output device is detachable (i.e. it is attached to a detachable mounting base), then a means shall be provided for a remote monitoring system (e.g. the control and indicating equipment) to detect the removal of the device from the base, in order to give a fault signal.
4.3 Marking and data
4.3.1 Marking
Each input/output device shall be clearly marked with the following information:
For detachable devices, the head shall be marked with a), b) and d), and the base shall be marked with at least b) (i.e. its own model designation) and c).
Where any marking on the device uses symbols or abbreviations not in common use then these shall be explained in the data supplied with the device.
The marking shall be visible during installation and shall be accessible during maintenance. The markings shall not be placed on screws or other easily removable parts.
NOTE Where ZA.3 covers the same information as required by this subclause, the requirements of this subclause are met.
4.3.2 Data
Input/output devices shall be supplied with sufficient technical, installation and maintenance data to ensure their correct installation and operation. These data shall include the parameters necessary to define the input and/or output functions (e.g. output voltage and current ratings, alarm and fault trip levels, logic levels). If all of these data are not supplied with each device, then reference to the appropriate data sheet(s) shall be given on, or with, each device. To enable correct operation of the input/output device, these data shall describe the requirements for the correct processing of the signals from the device. This can be in the form of a full technical specification of these signals, a reference to the appropriate signalling protocol or a reference to suitable types of control and indicating equipment etc.
4.4 Documentation
The manufacturer shall prepare and provide design documentation (e.g. drawings, parts lists, block diagrams, circuit diagrams). Where appropriate, this shall include documentation of the signal processing principle.
4.5 Requirements for software controlled devices 4.5.1 General
For input/output devices which rely on software control in order to fulfil the requirements of this European Standard, the requirements of 4.5.2, 4.5.3 and 4.5.4 shall be met.
4.5.2 Software documentation
4.5.2.1 The manufacturer shall prepare documentation which gives an overview of the software design. This shall be submitted to the testing authority together with the input/output devices. This documentation shall be in sufficient detail for the design to be inspected for compliance with this European Standard and shall include at least the following:
4.5.2.2 The manufacturer shall also prepare detailed design documentation, which only needs to be provided if required by the testing authority. It shall comprise at least the following:
4.5.3 Software design
In order to ensure the reliability of the device, the following requirements for software design shall apply:
a) the software shall have a modular structure;
b) the design of the interfaces for manually and automatically generated data shall not permit invalid data to cause error in the program operation;
c) the software shall be designed to avoid the occurrence of deadlock of the program flow.
4.5.4 The storage of programs and data
The program necessary to comply with this European Standard, and any preset data such as manufacturer’s settings, shall be held in non-volatile memory. Writing to areas of memory containing this program and data shall only be possible by the use of some special tool or code and shall not be possible during normal operation of the device.
Site-specific data shall be held in memory which will retain data for at least 2 weeks without external power to the device, unless provision is made for the automatic renewal of such data, following loss of power, within 1 h of power being restored.
5 ; Tests 5.1 General
5.1.1 Atmospheric conditions for tests
Unless otherwise stated in a test procedure, the testing shall be carried out after the test specimen has been allowed to stabilize in the standard atmospheric conditions for testing as described in EN 60068-1 as follows:
If variations in these parameters have a significant effect on a measurement, then such variations shall be kept to a minimum during a series of measurements carried out as part of one test on one specimen.
5.1.2 Operating conditions for tests
If a test method requires a specimen to be operational, then the specimen shall be connected to suitable supply and monitoring equipment with characteristics as required by the manufacturer’s data. Unless otherwise specified in the test method, the supply parameters applied to the specimen shall be set within the manufacturer’s specified range(s) and shall remain substantially constant throughout the tests. The value chosen for each parameter shall normally be the nominal value, or the mean of the specified range.
The details of the supply and monitoring equipment used shall be given in the test report.
5.1.3 Mounting arrangements
When necessary, the specimen shall be mounted by its normal means of attachment in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. If these instructions describe more than one method of mounting then the method considered to be most unfavourable shall be chosen for each test.
5.1.4 Functional test
Each function of the input/output device shall be activated, by a suitable means in accordance with the manufacturer’s specification, and appropriate observations or measurements shall be made to confirm the correct operation of the device.
NOTE The variety and the diversity of the equipment within the scope of this European Standard make it difficult to define the precise details of this functional test. This functional test is intended to exercise each function of the device in a simple way. A more complete assessment of the performance of these functions, in accordance with the manufacturer’s specification, is made in the performance and variation in supply voltage test (see 5.2).
5.1.5 Tolerances
Unless otherwise stated, the tolerances for the environmental test parameters shall be as given in the basic reference standards for the test (e.g. the relevant parts of EN 60068-2).
If a requirement or test procedure does not specify a tolerance or deviation limits, then deviation limits of ± 5 % shall be applied.
5.1.6 Provision for tests
Twelve specimens are required to conduct the tests as indicated in the test schedule (see 5.1.7). These specimens shall be numbered 1 to 12 arbitrarily.
The specimens submitted shall be representative of the manufacturer’s normal production with regard to their construction.
5.1.7 Test schedule
The specimens shall be tested according to the test schedule in Table 1.
Table 1 — Test schedule for input/output devices
5.2 Performance and variation in supply parameters
5.2.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the input/output device to function correctly in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications, at the upper and lower limits of the supply parameters specified by the manufacturer.
5.2.2 Test procedure
The input and output device shall be connected to suitable supply and monitoring equipment, as specified by the manufacturer. The performance of each function of the input/output device shall be tested, according to the manufacturer’s specification, at the upper and at the lower limits of the supply parameter (e.g. voltage) range(s). The testing of the device’s performance shall include tests and measurements in all operating modes with the maximum and minimum parameters and parameter settings specified by the manufacturer for the input and/or output lines (see 4.3.2).
If it is not possible to adjust the input/output device’s supply voltage to the upper and lower limits, then the performance shall be tested at the worst case conditions of the supply voltage to the supply and monitoring equipment, and the line impedance, allowed by the manufacturer’s specifications.
5.2.3 Requirements
The input/output device shall function correctly within the manufacturer’s specifications.
5.3 Dry heat (operational)
5.3.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the input/output device to function correctly at high ambient temperatures, which may occur for short periods in the service environment.
5.3.2.1 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period to detect any unwanted or unspecified functioning.
During the last hour of the conditioning period, a functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.3.2.2 Final measurements
After a recovery period of at least 1 h at laboratory conditions, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.3.3 Requirements
No unwanted or unspecified function shall occur during conditioning.
In the functional tests, the specimen shall function correctly as specified by the manufacturer.
5.4 Cold (operational)
5.4.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the input/output device to function correctly at low ambient temperatures appropriate to the anticipated service environment.
5.4.2 Test procedure
5.4.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-1, Test Ab and as described in 5.4.2.2 to 5.4.2.6.
5.4.2.2 Initial measurements
Before conditioning, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.4.2.3 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.4.2.4 Conditioning
The following conditioning shall be applied: Temperature: (-10 ± 3) °C Duration: 16 h
5.4.2.5 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period to detect any unwanted or unspecified functioning.
During the last hour of the conditioning period, a functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.4.2.6 Final measurements
After a recovery period of at least 1 h at laboratory conditions, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.4.3 Requirements
No unwanted or unspecified function shall occur during conditioning.
In the functional tests, the specimen shall function correctly as specified by the manufacturer.
5.5 Damp heat, cyclic (operational)
5.5.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the input/output device to function correctly at high relative humidity (with condensation), which may occur for short periods in the anticipated service environment.
5.5.2 Test procedure
5.5.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be generally as described in EN 60068-2-30, Test Db, using the variant 1 test cycle and controlled recovery conditions, and as described in 5.5.2.2 to 5.5.2.6.
5.5.2.2 Initial measurements
Before conditioning, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.5.2.3 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.5.2.4 Measurements during conditioning
5.5.2.6 Final measurements
After the recovery period, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4. 5.5.3 Requirements
No unwanted or unspecified function shall occur during conditioning.
In the functional tests, the specimen shall function correctly as specified by the manufacturer.
5.6 Damp heat, steady state (endurance)
5.6.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the input/output device to withstand the long term effects of humidity in the service environment (e.g. changes in electrical properties of materials, chemical reactions involving moisture and galvanic corrosion).
5.6.2 Test procedure
5.6.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in IEC 60068-2-78, Test Cab and as described in
5.6.2.2 to 5.6.2.5.
5.6.2.2 Initial measurements
Before conditioning, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.6.2.3 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 but shall not be supplied with power during the conditioning.
5.6.2.4 Conditioning
The following conditioning shall be applied: Temperature: (40 ± 2) °C
Relative humidity: (93 ± 3) % Duration: 21 days
5.6.2.5 Final measurements
After a recovery period of at least 1 h at laboratory conditions, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.6.3 Requirements
In the functional tests, the specimen shall function correctly as specified by the manufacturer.
5.7 Sulphur dioxide (SO2) corrosion (endurance)
5.7.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the input/output device to withstand the corrosive effects of sulphur dioxide as an atmospheric pollutant.
5.7.2 Test procedure
5.7.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-42, Test Kc, except that the conditioning shall be as described in 5.7.2.4.
5.7.2.2 Initial measurements
Before conditioning, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.7.2.3 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3. It shall not be supplied with power during the conditioning, but it shall have un-tinned copper wires, of the appropriate diameter, connected to sufficient terminals to allow the final measurement to be made, without making further connections to the specimen.
5.7.2.5 Final measurements
Immediately after the conditioning, the specimen shall be subjected to a drying period of 16 h at 40 °C, < 50 % RH, followed by a recovery period of at least 1 h at laboratory conditions. After this recovery period, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.7.3 Requirements
In the functional tests, the specimen shall function correctly as specified by the manufacturer. 5.8 Shock (operational)
5.8.1 Object
To demonstrate the immunity of the input/output device to mechanical shocks, which are likely to occur, albeit infrequently, in the anticipated service environment.
5.8.2 Test procedure
5.8.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-27, Test Ea, except that the conditioning shall be as described in 5.8.2.4.
5.8.2.2 Initial measurements
Before conditioning, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.8.2.3 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 to a rigid fixture, and shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.8.22.5 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period and for an additional 2 min after this to detect any unwanted or unspecified functioning.
5.8.2.6 Final measurements
After the conditioning and the additional 2 min, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4. 5.8.3 Requirements
No unwanted or unspecified function shall occur during conditioning period or the additional 2 min. In the functional tests, the specimen shall function correctly as specified by the manufacturer.
5.9 Impact (operational)
5.9.1 Object
To demonstrate the immunity of the input/output device to mechanical impacts upon its surface, which it may sustain in the normal service environment, and which it can reasonably be expected to withstand.
5.9.2 Test procedure
5.9.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-75.
5.9.2.2 Initial measurements
Before conditioning, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.9.2.3 Conditioning
Impacts shall be applied to all accessible surfaces of the specimen. For all such surfaces three blows shall be applied to any point(s) considered likely to cause damage to or impair the operation of the specimen.
Care shall be taken to ensure that the results from a series of three blows do not influence subsequent series. In case of doubt, the defect shall be disregarded and a further three blows shall be applied to the same position on a new specimen.
The following conditioning shall be applied:
Number of impacts per point: 3
5.9.2.4 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period and for an additional 2 min after this to detect any unwanted or unspecified functioning.
5.9.2.5 Final measurements
After the conditioning and the additional 2 min, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4. 5.9.3 Requirements
No unwanted or unspecified function shall occur during conditioning period or the additional 2 min. In the functional tests, the specimen shall function correctly as specified by the manufacturer.
5.10 Vibration, sinusoidal (operational)
5.10.1 Object
To demonstrate the immunity of the input/output device to vibration at levels considered appropriate to the normal service environment.
5.10.2 Test procedure
5.10.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-6, Test Fc and as described in
5.10.2.2 to 5.10.2.6.
5.10.2.2 Initial measurements
Before conditioning, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.10.2.3 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 on a rigid fixture and shall be and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
connected to its supply The specimen shall be
The vibration shall be applied in each of three mutually perpendicular axes, in turn. mounted so that one of the three axes is perpendicular to its normal mounting plane.
(10 to 150) Hz
5.10.2.5 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period to detect any unwanted or unspecified functioning.
5.10.2.6 Final measurements
After the conditioning, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4. 5.10.3 Requirements
No unwanted or unspecified function shall occur during conditioning.
In the functional tests, the specimen shall function correctly as specified by the manufacturer.
5.11 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance)
5.11.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the input/output device to withstand the long term effects of vibration at levels appropriate to the service environment.
5.11.2 Test procedure
5.11.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-6, Test Fc and as described below.
5.11.2.2 Initial measurements
Before conditioning, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4.
5.11.2.3 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 on a rigid fixture but shall not be supplied with power during conditioning.
5.11.2.4 Conditioning
NOTE The vibration operational and endurance tests may be combined such that the specimen is subjected to the operational test conditioning followed by the endurance test conditioning in one axis before changing to the next axis. Only one initial and one final measurement need then be made.
5.11.2.5 Final measurements
After the conditioning, the functional test shall be conducted as described in 5.1.4. 5.11.3 Requirements
In the functional tests, the specimen shall function correctly as specified by the manufacturer. 5.12 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Immunity tests
EMC immunity tests shall be carried out as described in EN 50130-4. This means conducting the following tests: