NFPA 1976 Protective Ensemble for Proximity Fire Fighting

NOTICE: An asterisk (*) following the number or letter des­ignating a paragraph indicates that explanatory material on the paragraph can be found in Appendix A.

Information on referenced publications can be found in Chapter 7 and Appendix B.

Chapter 1 Administration

1-1* Scope.

1-1.1 This standard shall specify the minimum design, perfor­mance, and certification requirements and the test methods for proximity protective ensembles, including protective coats, protective trousers, protective coveralls, helmets, gloves, footwear, and interface components.

1-1.2 This standard shall apply to the design, manufacturing, and certification of new proximity protective ensembles or new individual elements of the proximity protective ensemble. This standard shall not apply to proximity fire-fighting protec­tive clothing and equipment manufactured to comply with previous editions of NFPA 1976, Standard on Protective Clothing for Proximity Fire Fighting.

1-1.3 This standard shall not apply to protective clothing or ensembles for structural or wildland fire-fighting operations, for entry specialized fire-fighting operations, or for hazardous materials emergency operations. This standard shall not apply to protection from radiological agents, protection from all biological agents, or protection from all hazardous chemicals.

1-1.4 This standard shall not apply to the use of proximity fire- fighting protective clothing and equipment, since these requirements are specified in NFPA 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safely and Health Program.

1-1.5 Certification of the proximity fire-fighting protective ensemble, or individual elements of the protective ensemble, to the requirements of this standard shall not preclude certifi­cation to additional appropriate standards where the protec­tive ensemble or elements of the protective ensemble meet all applicable requirements of each standard.

1-1.6 The requirements of this standard shall not apply to accessories that might be attached to any element of the prox­imity fire-fighting protective ensemble unless specifically addressed herein.

1-1.7 Nothing herein shall restrict any jurisdiction or manu­facturer from exceeding these minimum requirements.

1-2* Purpose.

1-2.1 The purpose of this standard shall be to establish a mini­mum level of protection against adverse environmental condi­tions during proximity fire-fighting incidents that release high levels of radiant heat as well as convective and conductive heat.

1-2.2* Controlled laboratory tests used to determine compli­ance with the performance requirements of diis standard shall not be deemed as establishing performance levels for all situa­tions to which proximity fire-fighting personnel can be exposed.

1-2.3 This standard is not intended to be used as a detailed manufacturing or purchase specification but shall be permit­ted to be referenced in purchase specifications as minimum requirements.

1-3 Definitions.

1-3.1* Accessories. Those items that are attached to a prox­imity protective ensemble element but designed in such a manner to be removable from the proximity protective ensem­ble element and that are not necessary to meet the require­ments of this standard.

1-3.2 Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting. The fire-fighting actions, performed both inside and outside of aircraft, that are taken to rescue persons and to control or extinguish fire involving or adjacent to aircraft on the ground.

1-3.3* Approved. Acceptable to the authority having jurisdic­tion.

1-3.4 Arch. A footwear term; the bottom curve of the foot, from the heel to the ball.

1-3.5* Authority Having Jurisdiction. The organization, office, or individual responsible for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure.

1-3.6 Barrier Material. A single-layer fabric or a laminated or coated, multilayer material considered as a single-layer fabric that limits transfer from the face of the layer to the other side.

1-3.7 Basic Plane. The anatomical plane that includes die superior rim of the external auditory meatus, die upper edge of the external openings of die ear, and the inferior margin of die orbit, which is die lowest point of die floor of the eye socket.

1-3.8 Basic Weight. The weight of the helmet, including all components specified in 4-2.2.

1-3.9 Biological Agents. Biological materials diat could be capable of causing a disease or long-term damage to the human body.

1-3.10* Bitragion Coronal Arc. The arc between the right and left tragion as measured over the top of the head in a plane perpendicular to the midsagittal plane.

1-3.11* Bitragion Inion Arc. The arc between tragion as mea­sured over the inion; for test purposes, the bitragion inion arc is identified as Datum plane 10 in Figures 6-18.4.1 (a) through (c).

1-3.12 Body Fluids. Fluids produced by the body including, but not limited to, blood, semen, mucus, feces, urine, vaginal secretions, breast milk, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, and pericardial fluid.

1-3.13 Brim. That part of the helmet shell extending around the entire circumference of the helmet.

1-3.14 Brim Line. The horizontal plane intersecting the point of the front opening of the helmet at the midsagittal plane.

1-3.15 Cargo Pockets. Pockets located on the proximity pro­tective garment exterior.

1-3.16 Certification/Certified. A system whereby a certifica­tion organization determines that a manufacturer has demon­strated the ability to produce a product that complies with the requirements of this standard, authorizes the manufacturer to use a label on listed products that comply with the requirements of this standard, and establishes a follow-up program conducted by the certification organization as a check on the methods the manufacturer uses to determine compliance with the requirements of this standard.

1-3.17 Certification Organization. An independent, third- party organization that determines product compliance with the requirements of this standard with a labeling/listing/fol­low-up program.

1-3.18 Char. The formation of a brittle residue when material is exposed to thermal energy.

1-3.19 Chin Strap. A helmet term for the adjustable strap, fit­ting under the chin, to help secure the helmet to the head.

1-3.20 Coat. See definition 1-3.86, Proximity Protective Coal.

1-3.21 Collar. The portion of a coat or coverall that encircles the neck.

1-3.22 Collar Lining. That part of collar fabric composite that is next to the skin when the collar is closed in the raised position.

1-3.23 Compliance/Compliant. Meeting or exceeding all applicable requirements of this standard.

1-3.24 Component. Any material, part, or subassembly used in the construction of the protective ensemble or any element of the protective ensemble. (See also definition 1-3.62, Interface Components.)

1-3.25 Composite. The layer or combination of layers of the protective ensemble or any element of the proximity protec­tive ensemble that provides the required protection.

1-3.26 Coronal Plane. The anatomical plane perpendicular for both the basic and midsagittal planes and containing the midpoint of a line connecting the superior rims of the right and left auditory meatuses.

1-3.27 Coverall. See definition 1-3.87, Proximity Protective Coverall.

1-3.28 Crown. The portion of the helmet that covers the head above the reference plane.

1-3.29 Crown Straps. The part of the helmet suspension that passes over the head.

1-3.30 Dielectric Test Plane. The plane that runs from the intersection of the helmet test line and midsagittal plane in the front of the headform diagonally through the headform to the intersection of the reference plane and midsagittal plane in the rear of the headform.

1-3.31 Drip. To run or fall in drops or blobs.

1-3.32 Elements. The parts or items that comprise the protective ensemble. The protective ensemble elements are coats, trousers, coveralls, helmets, gloves, footwear, and interface components.

1-3.33 Energy Absorbing System. The material, suspension system, or combination thereof incorporated into the design of the helmet to attenuate impact energy.

1-3.34 Ensemble. See definition 1-3.82, Protective Ensemble.

1-3.35* Entry Fire Fighting. Extraordinarily specialized fire- fighting operations that can include the activities of rescue, fire suppression, and property conservation at incidents involving fires producing extreme levels of radiant, conduc­tive, and convective heat. (See also definitions 1-3.84, Proximity Fire Fighting, and 1-3.114, Structural Fire Fighting.)

1-3.36 Eye/Face Positioning Index. The vertical distance, as specified by the helmet manufacturer, from the top lateral midpoint of the faceshield components to the basic plane of the Alderson 50th percentile adult male headform where the faceshield component is positioned on the headform.

1-3.37 Faceshield. A helmet component not intended as pri­mary eye protection, but to help protect a portion of the wearer’s face in addition to the eyes.

1-3.38 Flame Resistance. The property of a material whereby the application of a flaming or nonflaming source of ignition and the subsequent removal of the ignition source results in the termina­tion of combustion. Flame resistance can be an inherent property of the material, or it can be imparted by specific treatment.

1-3.39 Follow-up Program. The sampling, inspection, tests, or other measures conducted by the certification organization on a periodic basis to determine the continued compliance of products listed that are being produced by the manufacturer to the requirements of this standard.

1-3.40 Footwear. See definition 1-3.89, Proximity Protective Footwear.

1-3.41 Functional. The ability of an element or component of an element to continue to be used for its intended purpose.

1-3.42 Garment(s). See definition 1-3.90, Proximity Protective Garment

1-3.43 Gauntlet A glove term for the circular, flared, or other­wise expanded part of the glove that extends beyond the open­ing of the glove body. (See also definition 1-3.46, Glove Wristlet.)

1-3.44 Glove, Body. The part of the glove that extends from the tip of the fingers to 25 mm (1 in.) beyond the wrist crease.

1-3.45 Glove, Liner. The innermost component of the glove body composite that comes into contact with the wearer’s skin.

1-3.46 Glove, Wristlet The circular, close-fitting part of the glove, usually made of knitted material, that extends beyond the opening of the glove body. (See also definitions 1-3.43, Gauntlet, and 1-3.128, Wristlet.)

1-3.47 Gloves. See definition 1-3.91, Proximity Protective Glove.

1-3.48 Hardware. Nonfabric components of the proximity protective ensemble including, but not limited to, those made of metal or plastic.

1-3.49 Hazardous Chemicals. Any solid, liquid, gas, or mix­ture thereof that can potentially cause harm to the human body through respiration, ingestion, skin absorption, injec­tion, or contact.

1-3.50 Hazardous Materials Emergencies. Incidents involv­ing the release or potential release of hazardous chemicals into the environment that can cause loss of life, personnel injury, or damage to property and the environment.

1-3.51 Headband. The portion of the helmet suspension that encircles the head.

1-3.52 Headform. A device that simulates the configuration of the human head.

1-3.53 Helmet. See definition 1-3.92, Proximity Protective Helmet.

1-3.54 Helmet Outer Cover. A removable helmet component that offers radiant reflective protection to the exterior of the helmet shell.

1-3.55 Helmet Positioning Index. The vertical distance, as specified by the helmet manufacturer, from the lowest point of the brow at the lateral midpoint of the helmet to the basic plane of the ISO Size J headform when the helmet is firmly positioned on the headform.

1-3.56 Helmet Shroud. A component of the helmet element of the proximity protective ensemble designed to provide radi­ant reflective heat protection for the head and neck area.

1-3.57 Hood. See definition 1-3.93, Proximity Protective Hood.

1-3.58 Horizontal Center Plane. The plane that passes through the helmet and whose intersection with the helmet surface is equidistant from the top of the helmet at all points.

1-3.59 Inherent Flame Resistance. As applied to textiles, flame resistance that is derived from an essential characteristic of the fiber or polymer from which the textile is made.

1-3.60 Insole. The inner part of the footwear upon which the foot rests and that conforms to the bottom of the foot.

1-3.61 Interface Area. An area of the body where the proximity protective garments, helmet, gloves, footwear, or SCBA face- piece meet (i.e., the protective coat-helmet-SCBA facepiece area, the protective coat-protective trouser area, the protective coat-glove area, and the protective trouser-footwear area).

1-3.62 Interface Components. Elements of the proximity protective ensemble that are designed to provide limited pro­tection to interface areas.

1-3.63 Labeled. Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of an orga­nization that is acceptable to the authority havingjurisdiction and concerned with product evaluation, that maintains peri­odic inspection of production of labeled equipment or mate­rials, and by whose labeling the manufacturer indicates compliance with appropriate standards or performance in a specified manner. (See also definition 1-3.81, Product Label)

1-3.64 Ladder Shank. Reinforcement to the shank area of footwear designed to provide additional support to the instep when standing on a ladder rung.

1-3.65 liquid Borne Pathogen. An infectious bacteria or virus car­ried in human, animal, or clinical body fluids, organs, or tissues.

1-3.66* Listed. Equipment, materials, or services included in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the authority havingjurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of products or services, that maintains periodic inspection of pro­duction of listed equipment or materials or periodic evaluation of services, and whose listing states that either the equipment, material, or service meets appropriate designated standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose.

1-3.67 Lower Torso. The area of body below the waist includ­ing the legs but excluding the ankles and feet.

1-3.68 Major A Seams. See definition 1-3.103, Seams (Major A).

1-3.69 Major B Seams. See definition 1-3.104, Seams (Major B).

1-3.70 Manufacturer. The entity that assumes the liability and provides the warranty for the compliant product.

1-3.71 Melt. A response to heat by a material, resulting in evi­dence of flowing or dripping.

1-3.72 Midsagittal Plane. The anatomical plane perpendicu­lar to the basic plane and containing the midpoint of the line connecting the notches of the right and left inferior orbital ridges, and the midpoint of the line connecting the superior rims of the right and left auditory meatus.

1-3.73 Minor Seams. See definition 1-3.105, Seams (Minor).

1-3.74 Model. The collective term used to identify a group of individual elements of the same basic design and components from a single manufacturer produced by the same manufac­turing and quality assurance procedures that are covered by the same certification.

1-3.75 Model Weight. The basic weight of the helmet plus accessories for the specific model identified.

1-3.76 Moisture Barrier. The portion of the composite designed to prevent the transfer of liquids.

1-3.77 Nape Device. A device located below the bitragion inion arc used to aid in helmet retention.

1-3.78 Outer Cover. See definition 1-3.54, Helmet Outer Cover.

1-3.79 Outer Shell. The outermost layer of the composite with the exception of trim, hardware, reinforcing material, and wristlet material.

1-3.80 Product. The compliant proximity protective ensemble or the compliant elements of the proximity protective ensemble.

1-3.81 Product Label. A label or marking affixed to each compliant element of a proximity protective ensemble by the manufacturer. Such labels contain compliance statements, certification statements, general information, care, mainte­nance, or similar data. The product label is not the certifica­tion organization’s label, symbol, or identifying mark; however, the certification organization’s label, symbol, or identifying mark can be attached to or be part of the product label. (See also definition 1-3.63, Labeled.)

1-3.82 Protective Ensemble. A term that is synonymous with the term proximity protective ensemble. See definition 1-3.88, prox­imity protective ensemble.

1-3.83 Protective Wrisdet. See definition 1-3.128, Wristlet.

1-3.84* Proximity Fire Fighting. Specialized fire-fighting operations that can include the activities of rescue, fire sup­pression, and property conservation at incidents involving fires producing high levels of radiant heat as well as conduc­tive and convective heat. (See also definitions 1-3.35, Entry Fire Fighting, and 1-3.114, St ructured Fire Fighting.)

1-3.85 Proximity Protective Clothing. See definition 1-3.88,

Proximity Protective Ensemble.

1-3.86 Proximity Protective Coat. A proximity protective gar­ment; an element of the proximity protective ensemble designed to provide minimum protection to upper torso and arms, excluding the hands and head.

1-3.87 Proximity Protective Coverall. A proximity protective garment; an element of the protective ensemble configured as a single-piece garment and designed to provide minimum pro­tection to the torso, arms, and legs, excluding the head, hands, and feet.

1-3.88 Proximity Protective Ensemble. Multiple elements of clothing and equipment (coats, trousers, coveralls, helmets, gloves, footwear, and interface components) designed to provide a degree of protection for fire fighters from adverse exposures to the inherent risks of proximity fire-fighting operations and cer­tain other emergency operations where high levels of radiant heat, as well as convective and conductive heat, are a hazard.

1-3.89* Proximity Protective Footwear. An element of the proximity protective ensemble designed to provide minimum protection to the foot, ankle, and lower leg.

1-3.90 Proximity Protective Garment. The coat, trouser, or cov­erall elements of the proximity protective ensemble designed to provide minimum protection to the upper and lower torso, arms, and legs, excluding the head, hands, and feet.

1-3.91 Proximity Protective Glove. Ail element of the prox­imity protective ensemble designed to provide minimum pro­tection to the fingers, thumb, hand, and wrist.

1-3.92 Proximity Protective Helmet. An element of the prox­imity protective ensemble designed to provide minimum pro­tection to the head.

1-3.93 Proximity Protective Hood. The interface component element of the proximity protective ensemble designed to pro­vide limited protection to the coat-helmet-SCBA facepiece interface area. (See also definition 1-3.62, Interface Components.)

1-3.94 Proximity Protective Trouser. A proximity protective garment; an element of the proximity protective ensemble that is designed to provide minimum protection to the lower torso and legs, excluding the ankles and feet.

1-3.95 Puncture-Resistant Device. The reinforcement to the bottom of footwear located between the sole with heel and the insole that is designed to provide puncture resistance.

1-3.96 Radiological Agents. Radiation associated with X-rays, alpha, beta, and gamma emissions from radioactive isotopes or other materials in excess of normal background radiation levels.

1-3.97 Recall System. The action taken by which a manufac­turer identifies an element, provides notice to the users, with­draws an element from the marketplace and distribution sites, and the element is returned to the manufacturer or other acceptable location for corrective action.

1-3.98 Reference Plane. The plane that is 102.5 mm down from the top of the head and parallel to the basic plane on an ISO size J headform.

1-3.99 Retention System. The complete assembly by which the helmet is retained in position on the head.

1-3.100 Sample. Proximity protective ensemble elements taken from a manufacturer’s current production lot. (See also definition 1-3.112, Specimen.)

1-3.101 Seam. Any permanent attachment of two or more mate­rials in a line formed by joining the separate material pieces.

1-3.102 Seam Assembly. The structure obtained when fabrics are joined by means of a seam.

1-3.103 Seams (Major A). Outer shell layer seam assemblies where rupture could reduce the protection of the garment by exposing the inner layers such as the moisture barrier, the thermal barrier, the wearer’s station/work uniform, other clothing, or skin.

1-3.104 Seams (Major B). Moisture barrier or thermal barrier seam assemblies where rupture could reduce the protection of the garment by exposing the next layer of the garment, the wearer’s station/work uniform, other clothing, or skin.

1-3.105 Seams (Minor). Remaining seam assemblies that are not classified as Major A or Major B seams.

1-3.106 Separate. A material response evidenced by splitting or delaminating.

1-3.107 Shall. Indicates a mandatory requirement.

1-3.108 Shank. Reinforcement to the area of protective foot­wear designed to provide additional support to the instep.

1-3.109 Shell. The outermost layer of the proximity protective ensemble element composite. (See also definition 1-3.79, Outer Shell.)

1-3.110 Should. Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required.

1-3.111 Shroud. See definition 1-3.56, Helmet Shroud

1-3.112 Specimen. The item that undergoes testing; in some cases, the specimen is also the sample.

1-3.113 Standard. A document, the main text of which con­tains only mandatory provisions using the word “shall” to indi­cate requirements and which is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adop­tion into law. Nonmandatory provisions shall be located in an appendix, footnote, or fine-print note and are not to be con­sidered a part of the requirements of a standard.

1-3.114 Structural Fire Fighting. The activities of rescue, fire suppression, and property conservation in buildings, enclosed structures, vehicles, marine vessels, or like properties that are involved in a fire or emergency situation.

1-3.115 Suspension. The energy attenuating system made up of the helmet headband and crown strap.

1-3.116 Sweatband. That part of a helmet headband, either inte­gral or attached, that comes in contact with the wearer’s forehead.

1-3.117 Textile Fabric. A planar structure consisting of yarns or fibers.

1-3.118 Thermal Barrier. The portion of proximity protec­tive ensemble element composites that is designed to provide thermal protection.

1-3.119 Toecap. The reinforcement to the toe area of footwear designed to protect the toes from impact and compression.

1-3.120 Top. The intersection between the midsagittal plane and the coronal plane extended to the helmet surface.

1-3.121 Top Line. The top edge of footwear that includes the tongue, gusset, quarter, collar, and shaft.

1-3.122 Trouser. See definition 1-3.94, Proximity Protective Tnmser.

1-3.123 Upper. The part of footwear [as shown in Figure A-l-3(c)] including, but not limited to, the toe, vamp, quar­ter, shaft, collar, and throat; but not including the sole with heel, puncture-resistant device, and insole.

1-3.124 Upper Torso. The area of body above the waist and extending to the shoulder, including the arms and wrists but excluding the hands.

1-3.125 Wear Surface. The bottom of the footwear sole, including the heel.

1-3.126 Wildland Fire Fighting. The activities of fire suppres­sion and property conservation in vegetation that are not within structures but that are involved in a fire situation.

1-3.127 Winter Liner. An optional component layer for a gar­ment designed to provide added insulation against cold.

1-3.128 Wristlet. An interface component element of the proximity protective ensemble that is the circular, close-fitting- extension of the coat sleeve, usually made of knitted material, designed to provide limited protection to the protective coat- glove interface area. (See also definitions 1-3.43, Gauntlet; 1-3.46, Glove Wristlet; and 1-3.62, Interface Components.)

1-4 Units.

1-4.1 In this standard, values for measurement are followed by an equivalent in parentheses, but only the first stated value shall be regarded as the requirement.

1-4.2 Equivalent values in parentheses shall not be considered as the requirement, as these values might be approximate.

Chapter 2 Certification

2-1 General.

2-1.1 All individual elements of the proximity protective ensemble that are labeled as being compliant with this stan­dard shall meet or exceed all applicable requirements speci­fied in this standard and shall be certified. Manufacturers shall not claim compliance with a portion(s) or segment(s) of the requirements of this standard and shall not use the name or identification of this standard, NFPA 1976, in any statements about their respective products unless the product is certified to this standard.

2-1.2 All certification shall be performed by a certification organization that meets at least the requirements specified in Section 2-2 and that is accredited for personal protective equipment in accordance with ANSI Z34.1, American National Standard for Third-Parly Certification Programs for Products, Pro­cesses, and Services.

2-1.3 All individual compliant elements of the proximity pro­tective ensemble shall be labeled and listed. All individual compliant elements of the proximity protective ensemble shall also have a product label. The product label shall meet the applicable requirements for the specific element specified in 3-1.1 and 3-2.1.

2-1.4* The certification organization’s label, symbol, or iden­tifying mark shall be attached to the product label or shall be part of the product label.

2-1.5 The certification organization shall not certify any proxim­ity protective ensembles or individual elements of the proximity protective ensemble to the 1992 edition of NFPA 1976 on or after 1 September 2000.

2-1.6 The certification organization shall not permit any manufacturer to label any proximity protective ensembles or individual elements of the proximity protective ensemble as compliant with the 1992 edition of this standard on or after 1 September 2000.

2-1.7 The certification organization shall require manufactur­ers to remove all certification labels and product labels indi­cating compliance with the 1992 edition of NFPA 1976 from all proximity protective ensembles or individual elements of the proximity protective ensemble that are under the control of the manufacturer on 1 September 2000. The certification organization shall verify this action is taken.

2-2 Certification Organization.

2-2.1* The certification organization shall not be owned or controlled by manufacturers or vendors of the product being- certified. The certification organization shall be primarily engaged in certification work and shall not have a monetary interest in the product’s ultimate profitability.

2-2.2 The certification organization shall refuse to certify products to this standard that do not comply with all applica­ble requirements of this standard.

2-2.3* The contractual provisions between the certification organization and the manufacturer shall specify that certifica­tion is contingent on compliance with all applicable require­ments of this standard. There shall be no conditional, temporary, or partial certifications. Manufacturers shall not be authorized to use any label or reference to the certification organization on products that are not manufactured in com­pliance with all applicable requirements of this standard.

2-2.4* The certification organization shall have laboratory facilities and equipment available for conducting proper tests, a program for calibration of all instruments shall be in place and operating, and procedures shall be in use to ensure proper control of all testing. Good practice shall be followed regarding the use of laboratory manuals, form data sheets, documented calibration and calibration routines, perfor­mance verification, proficiency testing, and staff qualification and training programs.

2-2.5 The certification organization shall require the manu­facturer to establish and maintain a program of production inspection and testing that at least meets the requirements specified in Section 2-5 or Section 2-6. The certification orga­nization shall audit the manufacturer’s quality assurance pro­gram to ensure that the quality assurance program provides continued product compliance with this standard.

2-2.6 The certification organization and the manufacturer shall evaluate any changes affecting the form, fit, or function of the certified product to determine the product’s continued compliance to this standard.

2-2.7* The certification organization shall have a follow-up inspection program of the manufacturing facilities of the cer­tified product, with at least two random and unannounced vis­its per 12-month period. As part of the follow-up inspection program, the certification organization shall select sample product at random from the manufacturer’s production line, from the manufacturer’s in-house stock, or from the open market. The certification organization shall have a statistically validated process for determining the critical inspections and tests to be conducted through this follow-up program to verify the continued compliance of the product or component.

2-2.8 The certification organization shall have a program for investigating field reports alleging malperformance or failure of listed products.

2-2.9* The certification organization shall require the manu­facturer to have a product recall system as part of the manufac­turer’s quality assurance program.

2-2.10 The certification organization’s operating procedures shall provide a mechanism for the manufacturer to appeal decisions. The procedures shall include the presentation of information from both sides of a controversy to a designated appeals panel.

2-2.11 The certification organization shall be in a position to use legal means to protect the integrity of its name and label. The name and label shall be registered and legally defended.

2-3 Inspection and Testing.

2-3.1 For both certification and recertification of ensembles, ensemble elements, and components, the certification organi­zation shall conduct both inspection and testing as specified in this section.

2-3.2 All inspections, evaluations, conditioning, and testing for certification or for recertification shall be conducted by the certification organization or by a facility accredited by the certification organization for inspections, evaluations, condi­tioning, and testing in accordance with all requirements per­taining to testing laboratories in ISO Guide 25, General requirements for the competence of calibration and testing laboratories.

2-3.3 All inspections, evaluations, conditioning, or testing- conducted by a product manufacturer shall not be used in the certification or recertification process unless the facility for inspections, evaluations, conditioning, or testing has been accredited by the certification organization in accordance with all requirements pertaining to testing laboratories in ISO Guide 25, General requirements for the competence of calibration and testing laboratories.

2-3.4 Sampling levels for testing and inspection shall be estab­lished by the certification organization and the manufacturer to ensure a reasonable and acceptable reliability at a reason­able and acceptable confidence level that products certified to this standard are compliant, unless such sampling- levels are specified herein. Information about sampling levels shall be provided to the purchaser upon request.

2-3.4.1 For certification of helmets, a test series shall consist of 14 helmets. A minimum of three test series shall be required for certification. Each helmet shall be subjected to the environmental conditioning and test or tests specified in Tables 2-3.4.1 (a) and (b).

2-3.4.2 The order of testing shall be from left to right in Tables 2-3.4.1 (a) and (b). Where there is more than one envi­ronmental condition for a specific test, the order of environ­mental conditioning for that test shall be from top to bottom in Tables 2-3.4.1 (a) and (b).

2-3.4.3 For certification of interface components, the required testing and conditioning of the shroud and wristlet, materials, and components shall be specified as shown in Table 2-3.4.3.

2-3.5 Inspection by the certification organization shall include a review of all product labels to ensure that all required label attachments, compliance statements, certification statements, and other product information are at least as specified for the specific protective ensemble element in Sections 3-1 and 3-2.

2-3.6 Inspection by the certification organization shall include a review of any graphic representations used on prod­uct labels, as permitted by 3-1.5, to ensure that the symbols are consistent with the worded statements, readily understood, and clearly communicate the intended message.

2-3.7 Inspection by the certification organization shall include a review of the user information required by Section 3-2 to ensure that the information has been developed and is available.

Protective Helmet Test Matrix

Protective Helmet Covers and Shroud Test Matrix

2-3.8 Inspection by the certification organization for deter­mining- compliance with the design requirements specified in Chapter 4 shall be performed on whole or complete products. The certification organization shall report on the compliance of each element to each design requirement specified in Chapter 4 for that element.

2-3.9 Testing conducted by the certification organization in accordance with the testing requirements of Chapter 6, for determining product compliance with the applicable perfor­mance requirements specified in Chapter 5, shall be per­formed on element samples or element sample specimens that are representative of materials and components used in the actual construction of protective ensemble element products. The certification organization also shall be permitted to use sample materials cut or taken from a representative product.

2-3.10 Where certification testing includes an element with an accessory or accessories, each accessory shall be certified as complying with Section 4-6.

2-3.11 Any change in the design, construction, or material of a compliant product shall necessitate new inspection and test­ing to verify compliance to all applicable requirements of this standard that the certification organization determines can be affected by such change. This recertification shall be con­ducted before labeling the modified product as being compli­ant with this standard.

2-3.12 The certification organization shall not allow any mod­ifications, pretreatment, conditioning, or other such special processes of the product or any product component prior to the product’s submission for evaluation and testing by the cer­tification organization. The certification organization shall not allow test specimens that have been conditioned and tested for one test method to be reconditioned and tested for another test method unless specifically permitted in the test method.

2-3.13 The manufacturer shall maintain all design and perfor­mance inspection and test data from the certification organiza­tion used in the certification of the manufacturer’s compliant product. The manufacturer shall provide such data, upon request, to the purchaser or authority havingjurisdiction.

2-4 Recertification.

Protective Shroud and Wristlet Test Matrix

2-4.1 All individual elements of the protective ensemble that are labeled as being compliant with this standard shall undergo recertification on an annual basis. The recertifica­tion shall include the following:

• Inspection and evaluation to all design requirements and testing to all performance requirements as required by this standard on all manufacturer models and components.
• Testing to all performance requirements as required by this standard on all manufacturer models and compo­nents with the following protocol:
  1. Where a test method incorporates testing both before and after laundering preconditioning specified in 6-1.2 and the test generates quantitative results, recertifica­tion testing shall be limited to the conditioning that yielded in the worst case test result during the initial certification for the model or component.
  2. Where a test method incorporates testing both before and after laundering preconditioning specified in 6-1.2 and the test generates nonquantitative results (e.g., pass/fail for melt/drip), recertification shall be limited to a single conditioning procedure in any given year. Subsequent annual recertification shall cycle through the remaining conditioning procedures to ensure that all required conditionings are included over time.
  3. Where a test method requires the testing of these specimens, a minimum of one specimen shall be tested for annual recertification.
  4. Where a test method requires the testing of five or more specimens, a minimum of two specimens shall be tested for annual recertification.

2-4.1.1 Any change that affects the element’s performance under the design or performance requirements of this stan­dard shall constitute a different model.

2-4.1.2 For the purpose of this standard, models shall include each unique pattern, style, or design of the individual element.

2-4.2 Samples of manufacturer models and components for recertification shall be acquired as part of the follow-up pro­gram, in accordance with 2-2.7, and shall be permitted to be used toward annual recertification.

2-4.3 The manufacturer shall maintain all design and perfor­mance inspection and test data from the certification organi­zation used in the recertification of manufacturer models and components. The manufacturer shall provide such data, upon request, to the purchaser or authority havingjurisdiction.

2-5 Manufacturer’s Quality Assurance Program.

2-5.1 The manufacturer shall provide and maintain a quality assurance program that includes a documented inspection and product recall system. The manufacturer shall have an inspec­tion system to substantiate conformance to this standard.

2-5.2 The manufacturer shall maintain written inspection and testing instructions. The instructions shall prescribe inspec­tion and testing of materials, work in process, and completed articles. Criteria for acceptance and rejection of materials, processes, and final product shall be part of the instructions.

2-5.3 The manufacturer shall maintain records of all pass/fail tests. Pass/fail records shall indicate the disposition of a failed material or product.

2-5.4 The manufacturer’s inspection system shall provide for pro­cedures that ensure the latest applicable drawings, specifications, and instructions are used for fabrication, inspection, and testing.

2-5.5 As part of the quality assurance program, the manufacturer shall maintain a calibration program of all instruments used to ensure proper control of testing. The calibration program shall document the date of calibration and performance verification.

2-5.6 The manufacturer shall maintain a system for identify­ing the appropriate inspection status of component materials, work in process, and finished goods.

2-5.7 The manufacturer shall establish and maintain a system for controlling nonconforming material, including proce­dures for the identification, segregation, and disposition of rejected material. All nonconforming materials or products shall be identified to prevent their use, shipment, and inter­mingling with conforming materials or products.

2-5.8 The manufacturer’s quality assurance program shall be audited by the third-party certification organization to deter­mine that the program is sufficient to ensure continued prod­uct compliance with this standard.

2-6 ISO Registration for Manufacturers.

2-6.1 The manufacturer shall provide and operate a quality assurance program that meets the requirements of this section and that includes a product recall system as specified in 2-2.9.

2-6.2 The manufacturer shall be registered to ISO 9001, Qual­ity Systems — Model for Quality Assurance in Design, Development, Production, Installation, and Servicing.

2-6.3 The ISO registration requirements shall have an effec­tive date of 1 March 2002.

• 4 Until 1 March 2002 or until the date the manufacturer becomes ISO registered, whichever date occurs first, the man­ufacturer shall comply with Section 2-5.

Chapter 3 Labeling and Information

• 1 Product Label Requirements.

3-1.1* Each element of the protective ensemble shall have at least one product label permanently and conspicuously located inside each element when the element is properly assembled with all layers and components in place.

3-1.2 Multiple label pieces shall be permitted in order to carry all statements and information required to be on the product label; however, all label pieces comprising the product label shall be located adjacent to each other.

3-1.3* The certification organization’s label, symbol, or iden­tifying mark shall be permanently attached to the product label or shall be part of the product label. All letters shall be at least 2.5 mm (V32 in.) high. The label, symbol, or identifying mark shall be at least 6 mm (^l/₄ in.) in height and shall be placed in a conspicuous location.

3-1.4 All worded portions of the required product label shall be printed at least in English.

3-1.5 Symbols and other pictorial graphic representations shall be permitted to be used to supplement worded state­ments 011 the product label(s).

3-1.6 The following compliance statement shall be printed legibly 011 the product label. The appropriate term for the ele­ment type (garment, helmet, glove, footwear) shall be inserted in the compliance statement text where indicated. All letters shall be at least 2.5 mm (V32 ‘ⁿ ) ‘ⁿ height.

“THIS (insert appropriate element term here) MEETS THE (insert appropriate element term here) REQUIREMENTS OF NFPA 1976, STANDARD ON PROTECTIVE ENSEMBLE FOR PROXIMITY FIRE FIGHTING, 2000 EDITION. DO NOT REMOVE THIS LABEL”

3-1.7 The following information shall also be printed legibly 011 the product label with all letters at least 1.5 mm (Vie i” ) in height:

• Manufacturer’s name, identification, or designation
• Manufacturer’s address
• Country of manufacture
• Manufacturer’s element identification number, lot number, or serial number
• Month and year of manufacture, not coded
• Model name, number, or design
• Size or size range
• Principle material(s) of construction
• Cleaning precautions

3-1.8 Where other protective item(s) or detachable compo­nents must be used with proximity protective ensemble ele­ments in order for an element to be compliant with this standard, at least the following statement and information shall also be printed legibly 011 the product label. All letters shall be at least 2.5 mm (V32 ‘”•) high. The appropriate term for the element type (garment, helmet, glove, footwear) shall be inserted in the statement text where indicated. Following this statement, the additional protective items or detachable components shall be listed by type, identification, and how properly assembled.

“FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE (insert appropriate ele­ment term here) REQUIREMENTS OF NFPA 1976, THE FOLLOWING PROTECTIVE ITEMS MUST BE WORN IN CONJUNCTION WITH THIS (insert appropriate element term here):”

(List additional items or detachable components here.)

3-1.9 For helmets only, the helmet manufacturer shall place a unique manufacturer’s part number, the symbol of the certifi­cation organization, and the words “NFPA 1976, 2000 Edition” permanently 011 each replaceable performance-critical part of the goggle lens or faceshield.

3-2 User Information.

3-2.1* The manufacturer shall provide at least the user infor­mation that is specified in 3-2.4 with each element.

3-2.2 The manufacturer shall attach the required user infor­mation or packaging containing the user information to the element in such a manner that it is not possible to use the ele­ment without being aware of the availability of the information.

3-2.3* The required user information or packaging contain­ing the user information shall be attached to the element so that a deliberate action is necessary to remove it. The manu­facturer shall provide notice that the user information is to be removed only by the end user.

3-2.4* The manufacturer shall provide at least the following- instructions and information with each element:

• Pre-use information
  1. Safety considerations
  2. Limitations of use
  3. Marking recommendations and restrictions
  4. A statement that most performance properties of the element cannot be tested by the user in the field
  5. Warranty information
• Preparation for use
  1. Sizing/adjustment
  2. Recommended storage practices
• Inspection frequency and details
• Don/doff
  1. Donning and doffing procedures
  2. Sizing and adjustment procedures
  3. Interface issues
• Proper use consistent with NFPA 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safely and Health Program, and 29 CFR132, General Requirements of Subpart I, Per­sonal Protective Equipment
• Maintenance and cleaning
  1. Cleaning instructions and precautions with a state­ment advising users not to use an element that is not thoroughly cleaned and dried
  2. Inspection details
  3. Maintenance criteria and methods of repair where applicable
  4. Decontamination procedures for both chemical and biological contamination
• Retirement and disposal criteria and considerations

3-2.5 For gloves only, the manufacturer shall make a chart illustrating the hand dimension ranges specified in 4-3.7.3 available on request to prospective purchasers.

• 6* For footwear only, the manufacturer shall establish and provide, upon request, a size conversion chart for each model or style footwear element based on toe length, arch length, and foot width as measured on a Brannock Scientific Foot Measuring Device.

Chapter 4 Design Requirements

• 1* Proximity Protective Garment Design Requirements.

4-1.1 A sample garment shall have at least the applicable design requirements specified in this section where inspected by the certification organization as specified in Section 2-3.

4-1.2* Garments shall consist of a composite of an outer shell, moisture barrier, and thermal barrier. This composite shall be permitted to be configured as a single layer or multiple layers.

4-1.3* Garments shall have a means of securing the moisture barrier and thermal barrier to the outer shell.

4-1.4 Moisture barriers and thermal barriers, or materials meeting the performance requirements of these compo­nents, shall extend, as a minimum, to the neckline seam of the coat, to the waistline seam of the trouser, and to within 75 mm (3 in.) of the bottom outer shell hems of proximity protective garments. In coats, the moisture barriers and thermal barriers, or materials meeting the performance requirements of these components, shall also extend to within 25 mm (1 in.) of the sleeve end of the outer shell and be permitted to retract a maximum of 50 mm (2 in.) from the sleeve end of the outer shell, and in trousers, shall also extend to within 75 mm (3 in.) of the bottom outer shell hems. The liner system shall be attached at or adjacent to the end of the coat sleeves or the end of the trouser legs. Any mechanism used to attach the liner system at or adjacent to the end of the coat sleeves and the end of the trouser legs shall not be greater than 25 mm (1 in.) between the attach­ment points, and shall not be expandable. Moisture barriers and thermal barriers, or materials meeting the performance requirements of these components, shall be configured in a manner to provide overlap at all closures.

4-1.5 Proximity protective garments and their closure systems, including the coat front and trouser flies, shall be constructed in a manner that provides continuous moisture and thermal pro­tection. Such closure systems shall be secured with positive lock­ing fasteners including, but not limited to, hooks and dees or zippers. Nonpositive festeners, such as snaps or hook and pile tape, shall not be used as positive locking listeners but shall be permitted to be used as supplementary garment closure devices.

4-1.6 Snaps shall be Style 2 and shall comply with the design and construction requirements of MIL-F-10884G Fastener, Snap. The construction of the snap shall be permitted to vary from the drawings with regard to the attachment means and use of logos on the caps.

4-1.7 Aramid hook and pile fastener tapes shall not be permitted.

4-1.8 Zippers shall meet the physical performance require­ments of A-A.55634, Commercial Item Description, Zippers (Fasten­ers, Slide, Interlocking). Coat and coverall front closures zippers, trouser fly zippers, and sleeve and leg zippers shall be size 9 or larger when measured in accordance with A-A.55634, Commer­cial Item Description, Zippers (Fasteners, Slide, Interlocking).

4-1.9 Hooks and dees shall be nonferrous. Hooks shall be inward facing and shall have at least three attachment points. Dees shall have at least two attachment points.

4-1.10 All garment hardware finish shall be free of rough spots, burrs, or sharp edges.

4-1.11* Cargo pockets, where provided, shall have a means to drain water and shall have a means of fastening in the closed position.

4-1.12 Proximity protective garments shall not have materials that do not meet the radiant reflective requirements specified in 5-1.1 affixed to the outer shell radiant reflective surfaces of the garments unless such materials are covered in 4-1.13.

4-1.13 Reinforcing materials that do not meet the radiant reflec­tive requirements specified in 5-1.1 shall be permitted to be affixed only to the garment outer shell radiant reflect surfaces as reinforcement of the sleeve cuffs and trouser leg cuffs when the following requirements are met:

• The reinforcing materials above shall meet the flame resistant requirements specified in 5-1.8.
• The reinforcing materials above shall meet the heat resis­tance requirements specified in 5-1.10.
• Reinforcement areas shall not cover the radiant reflective surfaces of the garment by more than 25 mm (1 in.) when measured from the edge of the cuff back along the sleeve or leg.

4-1.14 Additional Design Requirements for Protective Coats.

4-1.14.1 Coats shall provide protection as specified to the upper torso, neck, arms, and wrists, excluding the hands and head.

4-1.14.2* Each coat sleeve shall have a protective wristlet per­manently attached to the coat sleeve in a manner that will not permit a gap in the thermal protection and that meets the requirements specified in Sections 4-5 and 5-5.

4-1.14.3 Coats shall have a composite collar atleast 100 mm (4 in.) in height at any point and shall have a closure system. The collar and closure system shall consist of an outer shell, moisture barrier, thermal barrier, and collar lining, or of materials that meet all applicable performance requirements as specified in Section 5-1. The collar lining material shall not be reflective material.

4-1.14.4 Coat hardware shall not penetrate through the outer shell, moisture barrier, and thermal barrier to contact the wearer’s body when the coat is worn with the closures fas­tened, unless the hardware is completely covered by external closure flaps.

4-1.14.5* In order to label a protective coat or coverall as compliant with this standard, the manufacturer shall provide, as a minimum, men’s and women’s chest sizes in increments not greater than 50 mm (2 in.) and sleeve lengths in incre­ments not greater than 25 mm (1 in.) in the ranges specified in Table 4-1.14.5.

4-1.14.6 Men’s and women’s sizing shall be accomplished by men’s and women’s individual patterning.

4-1.15 Additional Design Requirements for Protective Trousers.

4-1.15.1* Trousers shall provide protection as specified to the lower torso and legs, excluding the ankles and feet.

Available Coat/Trouser Size Ranges

4-1.15.2 Trouser hardware shall not penetrate through the outer shell, moisture barrier, and thermal barrier to come into contact with the wearer’s body when the trouser is worn with the closure fastened, unless the hardware is located on or above the trouser waistline or hardware is completely covered by external closure flaps.

4-1.15.3 In order to label a protective trouser or coverall as compliant with this standard, the manufacturer shall provide, as a minimum, men’s and women’s waist sizes in increments not greater than 50 mm (2 in.) and inseam lengths in incre­ments not greater than 50 mm (2 in.) in the ranges specified in Table 4-1.14.5.

4-1.15.4 Men’s and women’s sizing shall be accomplished by men’s and women’s individual patterning.

4-1.16 Additional Design Requirements for Protective Coveralls.

4-1.16.1 That portion of the coverall that corresponds to the coat shall meet all requirements of 4-1.14.

4-1.16.2 That portion of the coverall that corresponds to the trouser shall meet all requirements of 4-1.15.

4-2 Protective Helmet Design Requirements.

4-2.1 A sample helmet shall have at least the applicable design requirements specified in this section where inspected by the certification organization as specified in Section 2-3.

4-2.2 Helmets for proximity fire fighting shall consist of at least the following assembled components: a shell, an energy absorb­ing system, a retention system, a shroud, and a faceshield.

4-2.2.1 The helmet shall be permitted to have an outer cover to provide the radiant reflective protection for the exterior of the helmet shell, including the upper surface of the brim, and the brim edge.

4-2.2.2 The helmet outer cover shall be permitted to be removable.

4-2.3 There shall be no openings penetrating the shell other than those provided by the manufacturer for mounting energy-absorbing systems, retention systems, and accessories.

4-2.4 The retention system shall include a chin strap and a nape device. The chin strap shall have a minimum width of 20 mm (V4 in.).

4-2.5 The faceshield shall be attached to the helmet. The faceshield, when deployed in accordance with its helmet eye/ face positioning indexes on an Alderson 50th percentile male headform shown in Figure 6-20.4.1.1 shall provide at least the fol­lowing field of vision when measured from the center of the eye:

• A dihedral angle of at least 85 degrees
• An upper dihedral angle of at least 10 degrees
• A lower dihedral angle 40 degrees

4-2.6 The helmet with faceshield component (s) stowed shall pro­vide peripheral vision clearance of at least 94 degrees to each side when measured from the center of the eye with the helmet posi­tioned according to its helmet positioning index on the Alderson 50th percentile male headfonn specified in Figure 6-20.4.1.1.

4-4.7 No metal parts, including but not limited to nails or screws, shall be present or used in the construction or attachment of the sole with heel to the puncture-resistant device, insole, or upper.

4-4.8 Footwear Sizing.

4-4.8.1 Protective footwear shall be available in all of the fol­lowing sizes:

• Men’s sizes. 7-16, including half-sizes and a minimum of three widths
• Women’s sizes. 5-10, including half-sizes and a mini­mum of three widths.

4-4.8.2* Manufacturers shall be required to establish and provide upon request a size conversion chart for each model or style of pro­tective footwear based on toe length, arch length, and foot width as measured on the Bran nock Scientific Foot Measuring Device.

4-4.8.3 Full and half-sizes, in each of the three required widths, shall be accomplished by individual and unique lasts to provide proper fit.

4-5 Protective Wrisdet Interface Component Design Requirements.

4-5.1 A sample wristlet shall have at least the applicable design requirements specified in this section where inspected by the certification organization specified in Section 2-3.

4-5.2 The wristlet shall be designed to cover and provide lim­ited protection to the wrist areas.

4-5.3 The wristlet shall be permanently attached to the protec­tive coat sleeve in a manner that will not permit a gap in the thermal protection.

4-6 Accessory Design Requirements.

4-6.1 Any accessories attached to any element of the proxim­ity protective ensemble shall not interfere with the function of the element or with the function of any of the element’s com­ponent parts.

4-6.2 Any accessories attached to any element of the proxim­ity protective ensemble shall not degrade the designed protec­tion or performance of the element below the requirements of this standard.

Chapter 5 Performance Requirements

5-1 Proximity Protective Garment Performance Requirements.

5-1.1 The garment outer shell shall be tested for radiant reflective capability as specified in Section 6-10, Radiant Reflective Test II, and shall have a radiant reflective value of not less than 20 seconds.

5-1.2 The garment outer shell shall be tested for resistance to delamination as specified in Section 6-31, Wet Flex, and shall show no signs of cracking on the face or delamination if the base fabric is a laminate.

5-1.3 The garment outer shell shall be tested for adhesion durability as specified in Section 6-32, Adhesion After Wet Flex-Tape Method, and shall show no evidence of separation of the coating or laminate from the base cloth.

5-1.4 The garment outer shell shall be tested for flex durabil­ity as specified in Section 6-33, Flex at Low Temperature, and shall show no evidence of breaking, shattering, or cracking of the coating, laminate, or fabric.

5-1.5 The garment outer shell shall be tested for blocking- durability as specified in Section 6-34, Resistance to High- Temperature Blocking, and shall show no blocking.

5-1.6 The garment composite consisting of outer shell, mois­ture barrier, and thermal barrier shall be tested for thermal insulation as specified in Section 6-13, Thermal Protective Per­formance (TPP) Test, and shall have an average thermal pro­tective performance (TPP) of not less than 35.0.

5-1.7 The garment composite shall be tested for overall liquid pen­etration resistance as specified in Section 6-52, Whole Garment Liquid Penetration Test, and shall allow no liquid penetration.

5-1.8 Garment outer shells, moisture barriers, thermal barri­ers, collar linings, winter liners where provided, and other materials used in garment construction including, but not lim­ited to, padding, reinforcement, interfacing, binding, hanger loops, emblems, and patches shall be individually tested for resistance to flame as specified in Section 6-2, Flame Resis­tance Test One, and shall not have a char length of more than 100 mm (4 in.) average, shall not have an afterflame of more than 2 seconds average, and shall not melt or drip.

5-1.8.1 Labels shall be tested as specified in 5-1.8 only when placed on the exterior of the garment; zippers and seam seal­ing- materials shall be tested as specified in 5-1.8 only if placed on the exterior of the garment or if they directly contact the wearer’s body; and elastic and hook and pile fasteners shall be tested as specified in 5-1.8 only if they directly contact the wearer’s body.

5-1.8.2 Small specimens such as hanger loops and emblems (patches), which are not large enough to meet the specimen size requirements in 6-2.2.1, shall be tested for resistance to flame as specified in Section 6-2, Flame Resistance Test One, and shall not be totally consumed, shall not have an afterflame of more than 2 seconds average, and shall not melt or drip.

• 9 Garment outer shells, moisture barriers, thermal barri­ers, winter liners where provided, and collar linings shall be individually tested for resistance to heat as specified in Section
• 6, Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test, and shall not shrink more than 10.0 percent in any direction.

5-1.10 Garment outer shells, moisture barriers, thermal barri­ers, collar linings, winter liners where provided, lettering, and other materials used in garment construction — including, but not limited to, padding, reinforcement, labels, interfac­ing, binding, hanger loops, emblems or patches; but exclud­ing- elastic and hook and pile fasteners where these items are placed so that they will not directly contact the wearer’s body — shall be individually tested for resistance to heat as specified in Section 6-6, Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test, and shall not melt, separate, or ignite.

5-1.11 Garment moisture barrier seams shall be individually tested for resistance to heat as specified in Section 6-6, Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test, and shall not drip or ignite.

5-1.12 Garment outer shells and collar linings shall be individu­ally tested for resistance to heat as specified in Section 6-6, Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test, and shall not char.

5-1.13 Garment hardware, other than hook and pile fasteners where placed so that they will not directly contact the wearer’s body, shall be individually tested for resistance to heat as spec­ified in Section 6-6, Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test, and shall not ignite and shall remain functional.

5-1.14 All sewing thread used in the construction of garments shall be made of an inherently flame-resistant fiber and shall be tested for resistance to melting as specified in Section 6-14, Thread Melting Test, and shall not melt below 260°C (500°F).

5-1.15 Garment outer shells and collar linings shall be individ­ually tested for resistance to tearing as specified in Section 6-15, Tear Resistance Test, and shall have a tear strength of not less than 98N (22 lbf).

5-1.16 Garment moisture barriers, thermal barriers, and win­ter liners, where provided, shall be tested for resistance to tear­ing as specified in Section 6-15, Tear Resistance Test, and shall have a tear strength of not less than 22 N (5 lbf). Where con­figured as individual barrier layers, specimens of garment moisture barriers, thermal barriers, and winter liners, where provided, shall be individually tested. Where one or more of these barriers are configured as a single barrier layer by bond­ing or laminating individual barriers together so that the indi­vidual layers do not retain their individuality and are not separable, they shall be tested as a composite.

5-1.17 All garment seam assemblies shall be tested for strength as specified in Section 6-17, Seam Breaking Strength Test.

5-1.17.1 Garment seam assemblies shall demonstrate a sewn seam strength equal to or greater than 675 N (150 lbf) force for Major A seams, 337.5 N (75 lbf) force for Major B seams, and 180 N (40 lbf) force for minor seams when tested using the method specified in 6-17.2.2.1.

5-1.17.2 Seam breaking strength shall be considered accept­able when the fabric strength is less than the required seam strength specified in 5-1.17.1 of this section, providing the fab­ric fails without failure of the seam below the applicable forces specified in 5-1.17.1.

5-1.17.3 All combination woven and knit or stretch knit seam specimens shall meet the requirements specified in 5-1.17.1.

5-1.18 Garment moisture barriers shall be tested for resistance to water penetration as specified in Section 6-28, Water Penetra­tion Test, and shall have a minimum water penetration resistance of 1.76 kg/cm² (25 psi) when tested as specified in 6-28.4.1.

5-1.19* Garment moisture barrier materials and seams shall be tested for resistance to liquids penetration as specified in Section 6-29, Liquid Penetration Resistance Test, and shall show no penetration of the test liquids for at least 1 hour.

5-1.20 Garment moisture barriers and moisture barrier seams shall be tested for resistance to liquid borne or blood borne pathogens as specified in Section 6-30, Viral Penetration Resis­tance Test, and shall allow no penetration of the Phi-X-174 bacteriophage for at least 1 hour.

5-1.21 Garment moisture barriers, thermal barriers, winter liners where provided, and collar linings shall be individually tested for resistance to shrinkage as specified in Section 6-27, Cleaning Shrinkage Resistance Test, and shall not shrink more than 5 percent in any direction.

5-1.22 The garment composite from the shoulder areas and the knee areas shall be tested for resistance to heat transfer as specified in Section 6-12, Conductive and Compressive Heat Resistance Test (CCHR), and shall have a minimum CCHR rating of 13.5 for the shoulder areas and for the knee areas.

5-1.23 All garment metal hardware and all garment hardware that includes metal parts shall be individually tested for resis­tance to corrosion as specified in Section 6-35, Corrosion Resis­tance Test. Metals inherently resistant to corrosion including, but not limited to, stainless steel, brass, copper, aluminum, and zinc shall show no more than light surface-type corrosion or oxi­dation and shall remain functional. Ferrous metals shall show no corrosion of the base metal and shall remain functional.

5-1.24 Labels shall be tested for durability and legibility as specified in Section 6-47, Label Durability and Legibility Test One, and shall remain in place and shall be legible.

5-2 Proximity Protective Helmet Performance Requirements.

5-2.1 Helmet outer covers, where provided, and shrouds shall be tested for radiant reflective capability as specified in Sec­tion 6-10, Radiant Reflective TestTwo, and shall have a radiant reflective value of not less than 20 seconds.

• 2 Helmet outer covers, where provided, and shrouds shall be tested for resistance to delamination as specified in Section
• 31, Wet Flex, and shall show no signs of cracking on the face or delamination if the base fabric is a laminate.

5-2.3 Helmet outer covers, where provided, and shrouds shall be tested for adhesion durability as specified in Section 6-31, Wet Flex, and shall show no evidence of separation of the coat­ing or laminate from the base cloth.

5-2.4 Helmet outer covers, where provided, and shrouds shall be tested for flex durability as specified in Section 6-33, Flex at Low Temperature, and shall show no evidence of breaking, shattering, or cracking of the coating, laminate, or fabric.

5-2.5 Helmet outer covers, where provided, and shrouds shall be tested for blocking durability as specified in Section 6-34, Resis­tance to High-Temperature Blocking, and shall show no blocking.

5-2.6 The helmet shroud composite consisting of outer shell, moisture barrier, and thermal barrier shall be tested for ther­mal insulation as specified in Section 6-13, Thermal Protective Performance (TPP) Test, and shall have an average thermal protective performance (TPP) of not less than 35.0.

5-2.7 Helmet shrouds shall be individually tested for resistance to tearing as specified in Section 6-15, Tear Resistance Test, and shall have a tear strength of not less than 98 N (22 lbf).

5-2.8 Helmet outer covers, where provided, shall be tested for resistance to tearing as specified in Section 6-15, Tear Resistance Test, and shall have a tear strength of not less than 22 N (5 lbf).

5-2.9 Helmets shall be tested for resistance to impact as specified in Section 6-18, Top Impact Resistance Test (Force), and shall have no sample transmit a force of more than 3780 N (850 lbf).

5-2.10 Helmets shall be tested for resistance to impact as speci­fied in Section 6-19, Impact Resistance Test (Acceleration), and shall have no sample exceed the maximum acceleration speci­fied in Table 5-2.10 Any acceleration duration above 200 Gn shall not exceed 3 milliseconds; acceleration duration above 150 Gn shall not exceed 6 milliseconds.

Impact Testing

*Gn denotes gravitational acceleration, which is defined as9.81 m per second per second (32.2 ft per second per second).

5-2.11 Helmets shall be tested for resistance to penetration as specified in Section 6-22, Physical Penetration Resistance Test, and shall exhibit no electrical or physical contact between the penetration test striker and the headform.

5-2.12 Helmets shall be tested for resistance to heat as speci­fied in Section 6-6, Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test, and shall meet the following requirements:

• Have no parts of the complete helmet assembly that do not contact the headform before this test come in contact with the headform as a result of this test
• Have no shell distortion in the back extend more than 40 mm (1 Vs in.) below the original position of the helmet
• Have no distortion of the front and sides of the shell extend more than 30 mm (IV4 in.) below the original position of the helmet
• Have no separation, melting, or dripping of the retention system, energy absorption system, or ear covers
• Have a chin strap closure device remain functional
• Have no ignition of any part of the helmet assembly
• Have no ignition or melting of the product labels
• Have 110 part of the faceshield component that was not below the brim line prior to the test be below the brim line after the test
• Have no part of the faceshield component drip

5-2.13 Helmets shall be tested for resistance to flame as speci­fied in Section 6-3, Flame Resistance Test Two, Procedures A and C, and shall not show any visible afterflame or glow 5 sec­onds after removal from the test flame in each test.

5-2.14 Helmets shall be tested for resistance to electricity as specified in Section 6-36, Electrical Insulation Test One, Pro­cedures A and B, and shall not have leakage current exceeding 3.0 mA in each test.

5-2.15 Helmets shall be tested for retention ability as specified in Section 6-40, Retention System Test, without any break occurring and without any resulting slip or stretch of more than 20 mm (V4 in.).

5-2.16 Helmet suspension systems shall be tested for reten­tion ability as specified in Section 6-41, Suspension System Retention Test, and shall not separate from the helmet shell.

5-2.17 Helmets shall be tested for shell retention ability as specified in Section 6-49, Shell Retention Test, and shall not have the helmet shell separate from the helmet suspension and retention systems.

5-2.18 All fabrics used in the construction of helmet shrouds, and helmet outer covers where provided, shall be individually tested for resistance to flame as specified in Section 6-2, Flame Resistance Test One, and shall not have a char length greater than 100 mm (4 in.), shall not show any visible after- flame 2 seconds after removal from the test flame, and shall not melt or drip.

5-2.19 All materials used in the construction of helmet shrouds and helmet outer covers shall be individually tested for resistance to heat as specified in Section 6-6, Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test, shall not shrink more than 10 percent in any direction, and shall not melt, drip, separate, char, or ignite.

5-2.20 All sewing thread used in the construction of helmets shall be made of inherently flame-resistant fiber and shall be tested for melting resistance as specified in Section 6-14, Thread Melting Test, and shall not melt below 260°C (500°F).

5-2.21 All helmet metal hardware and all helmet hardware that includes metal parts shall be individually tested for resistance to corrosion as specified in Section 6-35, Corrosion Resistance Test. Metals inherently resistant to corrosion including, but not limited to, stainless steel, brass, copper, aluminum, and zinc shall show 110 more than light surface-type corrosion or oxida­tion and shall remain functional. Ferrous metals shall show 110 corrosion of the base metal and shall remain functional.

5-2.22 Labels shall be tested for durability and legibility as specified in Section 6-48, Label Durability and Legibility Test Two, shall remain in place, and shall be legible.

5-2.23 Helmets shall be tested for radiant reflective value as spec­ified in Section 6-11, Radiant Heat Transmittance Test Three, and shall not have a temperature rise of more than 25°C (45°F).

5-2.24 Helmet faceshield components shall be tested for resis­tance to impact as specified in Section 6-20, Faceshield Com­ponent Impact Resistance Test, Tests One and Two, and shall have no contact with an eye of the headform; nor shall any parts of fragments be ejected from the component that could contact the eye of the headform.

5-2.25 Helmet faceshield components shall be tested for flame resistance as specified in Section 6-3, Flame Resistance Test Two, Procedure B, and shall not show any visible after- flame 5 seconds after removal of the test flame.

5-2.26 Helmet faceshield component lenses shall be tested for transmittance of light as specified in Section 6-50, Luminous (Visible) Transmittance Test, and shall transmit not less than 30 percent of the incident visible radiation.

5-2.27 Helmet faceshields shall be tested for radiant reflective capability as specified in Section 6-10, Radiant Reflective Test Two, and shall have a radiant reflective value of not less than 30 seconds.

5-3 Proximity Protective Glove Performance Requirements.

5-3.1 The back of the hand of the glove, including the gauntlet where provided, shall be tested for radiant reflective capability as specified in Section 6-10, Radiant Reflective Test Two, and shall have a radiant reflective value of not less than 20 seconds.

5-3.2 The back of the hand of the glove, including the gaunt­let where provided, shall be tested for resistance to delamina- tion as specified in Section 6-31, Wet Flex, and shall show 110 signs of cracking 011 the face or delamination if the base fabric is a laminate.

5-3.3 The back of the hand of the glove, including the gaunt­let where provided, shall be tested for adhesion durability as specified in Section 6-31, Wet Flex, and shall show no evidence of separation of the coating or laminate from the base cloth.

5-3.4 The back of the hand of the glove, including the gaunt­let where provided, shall be tested for flex durability as speci­fied in Section 6-33, Flex at Low Temperature, and shall show no evidence of breaking, shattering, or cracking of the coat­ing, laminate, or fabric.

5-3.5 The back of the hand of the glove, including the gaunt­let where provided, shall be tested for blocking durability as specified in Section 6-34, Resistance to High-Temperature Blocking, and shall show no blocking.

5-3.6 The glove body composite shall be tested for thermal insulation as specified in Section 6-13, Thermal Protective Per­formance (TPP) Test, and shall have an average thermal pro­tective performance rating (TPP) of not less than 35.0.

5-3.7 Where gauntlets or glove wristlets are provided, the glove gauntlet or glove wristlet composite shall be tested for thermal insulation as specified in Section 6-13, Thermal Pro­tective Performance (TPP) Test, and shall have an average TPP rating of not less than 20.0.

5-3.8 Gloves shall be tested for resistance to heat as specified in Section 6-6, Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test, and shall not melt, separate, or ignite; shall not shrink more than 5 percent in length or width; shall be donnable; and shall be flexible.

5-3.9 The innermost separable layer of the glove body com­posite that is designed to come into contact with the wearer’s skin shall be individually tested for resistance to heat as speci­fied in Section 6-6, Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test, and shall not melt, separate, or ignite.

5-3.10 The glove body composite shall be tested for thermal insulation as specified in Section 6-7, Conductive Heat Resis­tance Test One, and shall have a second-degree burn time of not less than 10 seconds and shall have a pain time of not less than 6 seconds.

5-3.11 The glove body composites shall be tested for resis­tance to flame as specified in Section 6-4, Flame Resistance Test Three, and shall not have a char length of more than 100 mm (4 in.) average and shall not have an afterflame of more than 2 seconds average after removal of the test flame. The composite shall not melt or drip, and the consumed materials shall not exceed 5 percent of the sample speci­men’s original weight.

5-3.12 Where gauntlets or glove wristlets are provided, the glove gauntlet or glove wristlet composite shall be tested for resistance to flame as specified in Section 6-2, Flame Resis­tance Test One, and shall not have a char length of more than 100 mm (4 in.) average, shall not have an afterflame of more than 2 seconds average after removal of the test flame, and shall not melt or drip.

5-3.13 All sewing thread used in the construction of gloves, and wristlets or gauntlets, shall be made of an inherently flame-resistant fiber and shall be tested for melting resistance as specified in Section 6-14, Thread Melting Test, and shall not melt below 260°C (500°F).

5-3.14* The glove body composites and seams shall be tested for resistance to liquid or blood-borne pathogens as specified in Section 6-30, Viral Penetration Resistance Test, and shall allow no penetration of the Phi-X-174 bacteriophage for at least 1 hour.

5-3.15* Glove body composites and seams shall be tested for resistance to liquid penetration as specified in Section 6-29, Liquid Penetration Resistance Test, and shall allow no pene­tration of test liquids for at least 1 hour.

5-3.16 The glove body composite shall be tested for resistance to cut as specified in Section 6-25, Cut Resistance Test, and shall have a cut distance resistance of more than 25 mm (1 in.).

5-3.17 The glove gauntlet or glove wristlet composite, if differ­ent from the glove body composite, shall be tested for resistance to cut as specified in Section 6-25, Cut Resistance Test, and shall have a cut distance resistance of more than 25 mm (1 in.).

5-3.18 The glove body composite shall be tested for resistance to puncture as specified in Section 6-23, Puncture Resistance Test One, and shall not be punctured under an average applied force of 4 kg (8.8 lb).

5-3.19 Glove specimens shall be tested for hand function as spec­ified in Section 6-43, Glove Hand Function Test, and shall have an average percent of barehand control not exceeding 300 percent.

5-3.20 Glove knit wristlet material(s) shall be tested for mate­rial strength as specified in Section 6-16, Burst Strength Test, and shall have a burst strength of not less than 225 N (50 lbf).

5-3.21 Glove knit wristlet seams shall be tested for seam strength as specified in Section 6-17, Seam Breaking Strength Test, and shall have a breaking strength of not less than 182 N (41 lbf).

5-3.22 Gloves shall be tested for grip as specified in Section 6-44, Grip Test, and shall have a weight-pulling capacity not less than 80 percent of the bare-hand control value.

5-3.23 Gloves shall be tested for resistance to leakage as spec­ified in Section 6-38, Overall Liquid Integrity Test One, and shall show no leakage.

5-3.24* Gloves shall be tested for ease of donning as specified in Section 6-42, Liner Retention Test, and shall have the final don­ning time not exceed the baseline donning time plus 20 seconds.

5-3.25 Labels shall be tested for durability and legibility as specified in Section 6-49, Label Durability and Legibility Test One, shall remain in place, and shall be legible.

5-4 Protective Footwear Performance Requirements.

5-4.1 Footwear shall be tested for resistance to heat as speci­fied in Section 6-6, Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test, and shall not have any part of the footwear melt, sepa­rate, or ignite; shall not shrink more than 5 percent in any dimension; and shall have all components remain functional.

5-4.2 Footwear shall be tested for thermal insulation as speci­fied in Section 6-9, Radiant Heat Resistance Test, and the tem­perature of the lining surface in contact with the skin shall not exceed 44°C (111°F).

5-4.3 Footwear shall be tested for thermal insulation as speci­fied in Section 6-7, Conductive Heat Resistance Test One, and the temperature of the upper lining surface in contact with skin shall not reach 44°C (111°F) in 10 minutes or less.

5-4.4 Footwear shall be tested for thermal insulation as speci­fied in Section 6-8, Conductive Heat Resistance Test Two, and the temperature of the insole surface in contact with the foot shall not exceed 44°C (111°F).

5-4.5 Footwear, with components in place, shall be tested for resistance to flame as specified in Section 6-5, Flame Resis­tance Test Four, and shall not have an afterflame of more than 2 seconds, shall not melt or drip, and shall not exhibit any burn-through.

5-4.6 All sewing thread used in the construction of footwear shall be made of an inherently flame-resistant fiber, shall be tested for melting resistance as specified in Section 6-14, Thread Melting Test, and shall not melt below 260°C (500°F).

5-4.7 Footwear shall be tested for resistance to water as speci­fied in Section 6-39, Overall Liquid Integrity Test Two, and shall show no water penetration.

5-4.8 The footwear upper material composite, upper seams, and vamp seams shall be tested for resistance to liquid pene­tration as specified in Section 6-29, Liquid Penetration Resis­tance Test, and shall allow no penetration of the test liquids for at least 1 hour.

5-4.9 The footwear upper material composite, upper seams, and vamp seams shall be tested for resistance to liquid or blood-borne pathogens as specified in Section 6-30, Viral Pen­etration Resistance Test, and shall allow no penetration of the Phi-X-174 bacteriophage for at least 1 hour.

5-4.10 Footwear shall be tested for resistance to puncture as specified in Section 6-23, Puncture Resistance Test One, and shall not puncture the footwear upper under an average applied force of 6 kg (13 lb).

5-4.11 Footwear shall be tested for resistance to puncture as specified in Section 6-24, Puncture Resistance Test Two, and shall not allow puncture through the sole area and the heel area at a force load of less than 1211.6 N (272 lbf).

5-4.12 Footwear shall be tested for resistance to cut as speci­fied in Section 6-25, Cut Resistance Test, and shall have a cut distance resistance of more than 25 mm (1 in.).

5-4.13* Footwear shall be tested for resistance to slipping as specified in Section 6-46, Slip Resistance Test. The soles shall have a static coefficient of 0.75 or greater in a dry condition, and they shall have a static coefficient of 0.50 or greater in a wet condition.

5-4.14 Footwear shall be tested for resistance to abrasion as specified in Section 6-26, Abrasion Resistance Test, and the sole with heel shall have an abrasion index of not less than 100.

5-4.15 Footwear shall be tested for resistance to electricity as specified in Section 6-37, Electrical Insulation Test Two, and shall have no leakage in excess of 5.0 mA.

5-4.16 Footwear toes shall be tested for resistance to impact and compression as specified in Section 6-21, Impact and Compres­sion Tests, shall have an impact requirement of 100 J (74 ft-lb), and shall have a compression requirement of 11,120 N (2500 lbf) with a minimum clearance of at least 13 mm (V₂ >ⁿ)-

5-4.17 Footwear ladder shanks shall be tested for resistance to bending as specified in Section 6-45, Ladder Shank Bend Resis­tance Test, and shall not deflect more than 6 mm (^l/₄ in.).

5-4.18 Footwear stud posts and eyelets shall be tested for attachment strength as specified in Section 6-53, Eyelet and Stud Post Attachment Test, and shall have a minimum detach­ment strength of 294 N (66 lbf).

5-4.19 All footwear metal hardware and all footwear hardware that includes metal parts including, but not limited to, toe cap, ladder shank, puncture-resistant device, and components shall be individually tested for resistance to corrosion as spec­ified in Section 6-35, Corrosion Resistance Test. Metals inher­ently resistant to corrosion including, but not limited to, stainless steel, brass, copper, aluminum, and zinc shall show 110 more than light surface-type corrosion or oxidation. Fer­rous metals shall show 110 corrosion of the base metal. All com­ponents shall remain functional.

54.20 Labels shall be tested for durability and legibility as spec­ified in Section 6-47, Label Durability and Legibility Test One, shall remain in place, and shall be legible to the unaided eye.

5-4.21 Footwear shall be tested for radiant reflective capability as specified in Section 6-10, Radiant Reflective Test Two, and shall have a radiant reflective value of not less than 20 seconds.

5-5 Protective Wristlet Interface Component Performance Requirements.

5-5.1 Wristlets shall be tested for thermal insulation as specified in Section 6-13, Thermal Protective Performance (TPP) Test, and shall have a thermal protective performance (TPP) of not less than 20.0.

5-5.2 Wristlet material(s) shall be individually tested for resistance to flame as specified in Section 6-2, Flame Resis­tance Test One, and shall not have a char length of more than 100 mm (4 in.) average, shall not have an afterflame of more than 2 seconds average, and shall not melt or drip.

5-5.3 Wristlet material(s) shall be individually tested for resistance to heat as specified in Section 6-6, Heat and Ther­mal Shrinkage Resistance Test, and shall not shrink more than 10 percent in any direction.

5-5.4 Wristlet material(s) shall be individually tested for resis­tance to heat as specified in Section 6-6, Heat and Thermal Shrinkage Resistance Test, and shall not melt, separate, or ignite.

5-5.5 Wristlet material (s) shall be individually tested for resis­tance to shrinkage as specified in Section 6-27, Cleaning Shrink­age Resistance Test, and shall not shrink more than 5 percent in any direction.

5-5.6 All sewing thread used in the construction of wristlets shall be made of an inherently flame-resistant fiber, shall be tested for melting resistance as specified in Section 6-14, Thread Melting Test, and shall not melt below 260°C (500°F).

5-5.7 Knit wristlet material(s) shall be tested for material strength as specified in Section 6-16, Burst Strength Test, and shall have a burst strength of not less than 225 N (50 lbf).

5-5.8 Knit wristlet seams shall be tested for seam strength as specified in Section 6-17, Seam Breaking Strength Test, and shall have a breaking strength of not less than 18.5 kg (41 lb).

centerline of a mounted specimen placed in the middle of the oven and the oven wall where the airflow enters the test cham­ber. The thermocouple shall be an exposed bead, Type J or Type K, No. SO AWG thermocouple. The test oven shall be heated and the test thermocouple stabilized at 260°C, +6°/-0°C (500°F, +10°/-0°F) for a period of not less than SO minutes.

6-6.5 Procedure.

6-6.5.1 Specimen marking and measurements shall be con­ducted in accordance with the procedure specified in AATCC 135, Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home Laundering of Woven and Knit Fabrics.

6-6.5.2 The specimen shall be suspended by metal hooks at the top and centered in the oven so that the entire specimen is not less than 50 mm (2 in.) from any oven surface or other specimen and air is parallel to the plane of the material.

6-6.5.3 The oven door shall not remain open more than 15 sec­onds. The air circulation shall be shut off while the door is open and turned on when the door is closed. The total oven recovery time after the door is closed shall not exceed SO seconds.

6-6.5.4 The specimen, mounted as specified, shall be exposed in the test oven for 5 minutes, +15/-0 seconds. The test expo­sure time shall begin when the test thermocouple recovers to a temperature of 260°C, +6°/-0°C, (500°F, +10°/-0°F).

6-6.5.5 Immediately after the specified exposure, the speci­men shall be removed and examined for evidence of ignition, melting, dripping, or separation.

6-6.5.6 After the specified exposure, the specimen also shall be measured to determine pass/fail. Knit fabric shall be pulled to its original dimensions and shall be allowed to relax for 1 minute prior to measurement to determine pass/fail.

6-6.6 Report.

6-6.6.1 Observations of ignition, melting, dripping, or separa­tion shall be reported for each specimen.

6-6.6.2 The percentage change in the width and length dimen­sions of each specimen shall be calculated. Results shall be reported as the average of all three specimens in each dimension.

6-6.7 Interpretation.

6-6.7.1 Any evidence of ignition, melting, dripping, or separa­tion on any specimen shall constitute failing performance.

6-6.7.2 The average percent change in both dimensions shall be used to determine pass/fail performance. Failure in any one dimension constitutes failure for the entire sample.

6-6.8 Specific Requirements for Testing Garment Outer Shell, Moisture Barrier, Thermal Liner, Winter liner Materials; Helmet Outer Cover, Helmet Shroud, and Glove Liner Materials.

6-6.8.1 Samples for conditioning shall be at least 1 m (1 yd) square of each material.

6-6.8.2 Each specimen shall be 380 mm x 380 mm, ±13 mm (15 in. x 15 in., ±Vo iⁿ ) ^and shall be cut from the fabric to be used in the construction of the clothing item.

6-6.8.3 Specimens shall be tested both before and after being- subjected to the procedure specified in 6-1.2.

6-6.8.4 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-6.2 through 6-6.7.

6-6.8.5 For proximity protective garment outer shell, collar lining, helmet shrouds, and outer covers, any evidence of charring on any specimen of outer shell fabric shall also con­stitute failing performance in addition to 6-6.7.1.

6-6.9 Specific Requirements for Testing Moisture Barrier Seams.

6-6.9.1 Samples for conditioning shall be a minimum of 1 lin­ear m (1 linear yd) with a minimum of 150 111111 (6 in.) of mate­rial on each side of the seam.

6-6.9.2 Moisture barrier seam specimens shall consist of two 75-iiim x 150-nun (3-in. x6-in.) pieces of moisture barrier fab­ric used in the garment and sewn together with the same thread, stitch type, and seam type as used in the moisture bar­rier, with seam-sealing material applied.

6-6.9.3 Specimens shall be tested with the sealed seam ori­ented vertically, and shall be tested both before and after being subjected to the procedure specified in 6-1.2.

6-6.9.4 For moisture barrier seam seal materials, observations shall be limited to seam material ignition and dripping.

6-6.9.5 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-6.2 through 6-6.7. Thermal shrinkage shall not be measured.

6-6.10 Specific Requirements for Testing Other Materials.

6-6.10.1 Samples for conditioning shall include material sewn onto a 1-m (1-yd) square of ballast material 110 closer than 50111111 (2 in.) apart in parallel strips. The ballast material shall be as spec­ified in AATCC 135, Dimensioned Changes in Automatic Home Laun­dering of Woven and Knit Fabrics. Specimens shall be removed from the ballast material prior to testing.

6-6.10.2 Specimen length shall be 150 111111 (6 in.). Where tex­tiles used in the clothing- item are in lengths less than 150 111111 (6 in.), the specimen length shall be the same as used in the clothing- item.

6-6.10.3 Specimen width shall be 150 111111 (6 in.). Where tex­tiles used in the clothing item are in widths less than 150 111111 (6 in.), the specimen width shall be the same as used in the clothing- item.

6-6.10.4 Specimens shall be tested both before and after being subjected to the procedure specified in 6-1.2.

6-6.10.5 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-6.2 through 6-6.7. Thermal shrinkage shall not be measured.

6-6.11 Specific Requirements for Testing Hardware.

6-6.11.1 A minimum of three complete hardware items shall be tested.

6-6.11.2 Observations of hardware condition following- heat exposure shall be limited to ignition.

6-6.11.3 Hardware shall be evaluated for functionality within 10 minutes following- removal from the oven.

6-6.11.4 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-6.2 through 6-6.7. Thermal shrinkage shall not be measured.

6-6.12 Specific Testing Requirements for Helmets.

6-6.12.1 Samples for conditioning shall include complete helmets.

6-6.12.2 Specimens shall be selected as specified in 2-3.4.2.

6-6.14.3 Footwear specimens shall include sole, heel, and upper. Footwear specimens shall be filled with dry vermiculite. Any closures shall be fastened.

6-6.14.4 The boot specimen dimensions shall be measured to determine pass/fail. The boot height measurement shall be taken from the base of the heel to the top line. The boot cir­cumference shall be measured at the midpoint between the heel and the top line. The outsole length shall be measured from the back of the heal to the tip of the toe along the boot sole centerline. The sole width at the ball shall be measured at 90 degrees from the centerline of the sole. The percentage change in the dimensions of each specimen shall be calcu­lated. Results shall be reported as the average of all three spec­imens in each dimension.

6-6.14.5 The test thermocouple shall be positioned so that it is level with the horizontal centerline of a footwear test speci­men. The thermocouple shall be equidistant between the ver­tical centerline of a footwear test specimen placed in the middle of the oven and the oven wall where the airflow enters the test chamber.

6-6.14.6 The minimum interior dimensions of the test oven shall be 610 mm x 610 mm x 610 mm (24 in. x 24 in. x 24 in.).

6-6.14.7 The protective footwear test specimen shall be placed in the center of the test oven with the centerline of the front of the specimen facing the airflow.

6-6.14.8 Following removal from the oven, the specimen shall be allowed to cool at room temperature for not less than 5 minutes, +15/-0 seconds.

6-6.14.9 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-6.2 through 6-6.7.

6-6.14.10 Each tested specimen shall be reconditioned as specified in 6-1.3 and then re-examined inside and outside for separation and functionality.

6-7 Conductive Heat Resistance, Test One. 6-7.1 Application.

6-7.1.1 This test method shall apply to gloves and footwear upper material.

6-7.1.2 Modifications for this test method for testing gloves shall be as specified in 6-7.7.

6-7.1.3 Modifications for this test method for testing footwear shall be as specified in 6-7.8.

6-7.2 Samples.

6-7.2.1 Samples for conditioning shall be whole gloves and boots.

6-7.2.2 There shall be at least three samples each of gloves and footwear.

6-7.3 Specimen Preparation.

6-7.3.1 A total of three specimens of gloves and three speci­mens of footwear shall be tested.

6-7.3.2 Specimens shall be conditioned as specified in 6-1.3.

6-7.4 Procedure. Specimens shall be tested in accordance with ASTM F 1060, Standard Test Method for Thermal Protective Performance of Materials for Protective Clothing for Hot Surface Con­tact, with the following modifications.

• Specimens shall be tested using an exposure tempera­ture of 280°C (536°F). The pressure applied during the test shall be 3.45 kPa, ±0.35 kPa (0.5 psi, ±0.05 psi).
• The time in seconds to pain and to second-degree burn and blister, as predicted by the Stoll Human Tissue Burn Tolerance Criteria, shall be recorded.
• The time to thermal end point shall be determined graphically from the recorder chart of the sensor response and the criterion overlay prepared in 10.5 of ASTM F 1060, Standard Test Method for Thermal Protective Performance of Materi­als for Protective Clothing for Hot Surface Contact. The overlay shall be positioned on the recorder chart, matching the zero of the overlay with the point on the recorder chart corresponding to the time at which the sensor and specimen were placed in direct contact with the hot plate. The horizontal (time) axis shall be placed in line with the initial trace of the pen. The overlay shall be kept square with the recorder chart. Exposure time shall be read to the nearest 0.1 second from the overlay chart at the point where the sensor response and the tissue tol­erance curve cross.

6-7.5 Report.

6-7.5.1 For glove specimens, the time to pain and time to sec­ond-degree burn for each specimen shall be reported. The average time to pain and time to second-degree burn shall be calculated and reported. If the time to pain or time to second- degree burn is greater than 30 seconds, the time to pain or time to second-degree burn shall be reported as “>30 seconds.”

6-7.5.2 For footwear specimens, the time to pain and time to second-degree burn for each specimen shall be reported. The average time to pain and time to second-degree burn shall be calculated and reported. If the time to pain is greater than 10 minutes, the time to pain or time to second-degree burn shall be reported as “>10 minutes.” If the time to second-degree burn is greater than 12 minutes, the time to pain or time to second-degree burn shall be reported as “>12 minutes.”

6-7.6 Interpretation.

6-7.6.1 Pass/fail determinations shall be based on the average time to pain and time to second-degree burn of all specimens tested.

6-7.6.2 If an individual result from any test set varies more than ±8 percent from the average result, the results from the test set shall be discarded and another set of specimens shall be tested.

6-7.7 Specific Requirement for Testing Gloves.

6-7.7.1 Specimens shall be representative of glove body com­posite construction at the palm of the hand and at the palm side of the fingers.

6-7.7.2 Specimens shall be stitched around the perimeter using the same thread used in glove construction.

6-7.7.3 Specimens shall be tested after being subjected to the procedure specified in 6-1.3 both before and after laundering as specified in 6-1.2.

6-7.7.4 Specimens shall also be tested after being subjected to wet conditioning as specified in 6-1.8 both before and after laundering as specified in 6-1.2.

6-7.7.5 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-7.2 through 6-7.6.

6-7.8 Specific Requirements for Testing Footwear Upper Materials.

6-7.8.1 Footwear specimens shall be cut from the thinnest por­tions of the footwear upper or from a composite that is repre­sentative of footwear upper construction at the thinnest part.

6-7.8.2 Specimens shall be tested using a modified exposure temperature in 6-7.4(a) of 100°C (212°F). The pressure applied during the test shall be 3.45 kPa, ±0.34 kPa (0.5 psi, ±0.05 psi).

6-7.8.3 The test exposure duration shall be 10 minutes and the reported time in 6-7.5.1 shall not show a time to pain or time of less than 10 minutes.

6-7.8.4 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-7.2 through 6-7.6, as modified in 6-7.8.

6-8 Conductive Heat Resistance, Test Two.

6-8.1 Application. This test method shall apply to the protec­tive footwear sole.

6-8.2 Specimens. A minimum of three complete footwear items shall be tested.

6-8.3 Sample Preparation.

6-8.3.1 Samples for conditioning shall be whole footwear.

6-8.3.2 Specimens shall be preconditioned as specified in 6-1.3.

6-8.4 Apparatus. The apparatus shall consist of an iron plate measuring 25 mm x 150 mm x 460 mm (1 in. x 6 in. x 18 in.) and an oven capable of heating the plate to a temperature of 500°C (932°F), a Type J or Type K thermocouple, and a meter to read the thermocouple temperature.

6-8.5 Procedure.

6-8.5.1 The thermocouple shall be affixed to the insole sur­face of the specimen next to the foot, directly above the ball of the foot. The thermocouple shall be taped to the surface with electrical tape to hold it onto the insole surface.

6-8.5.2 The plate shall be heated to a temperature of 500°C, ±10°C (932°F, ±18°F) and shall maintain this temperature throughout the test period.

6-8.5.3 The specimen shall be filled with 4.55 kg (10 lb) of

• mm (Vffin.) steel balls. The weight of the steel balls shall be evenly distributed inside the boot. The specimen shall be placed on the plate in the upright position for 30 seconds.
• 5.4 The thermocouple temperature shall be recorded at 30 seconds, +2/-0 seconds, after the specimen is placed on the heated metal plate.

6-8.6 Report.

6-8.6.1 The temperature at 30 seconds of exposure shall be reported for each specimen.

6-8.6.2 The average temperature at 30 seconds of exposure for all specimens shall also be calculated and reported.

6-8.7 Interpretation. The average temperature at 30 seconds of exposure for all specimens shall be used to determine pass/ fail performance.

6-9 Radiant Heat Resistance, Test One.

6-9.1 Application. This test method shall apply to protective footwear.

6-9.2 Samples. Samples for conditioning shall be complete footwear.

6-9.3 Specimen Preparation.

6-9.3.1 A minimum of three complete footwear items shall be tested.

6-9.3.2 Specimens shall be conditioned in accordance with 6-1.3 and 6-1.9.

6-9.4 Apparatus. The apparatus shall consist of the following:

• A radiometer with a spectral response flat to within ±3 per­cent of not less than 1.10 to 10.0 with an accuracy of ±5 percent
• A radiant panel with an effective radiating surface of not less than 150 mm x 150 mm (6 in. x 6 in.) and an emit- tance approximating that of a blackbody of 1000°K, ±200°K (1340°F, ±360°F)
• A thermocouple with meter
• A test chamber that prevents interference from air movement

6-9.5 Procedure.

6-9.5.1 Tests shall be done on the toe, vamp, quarter, gusset if present, and shaft. If different types or thickness of materials are used for other areas of the upper, these areas shall also be tested.

6-9.5.2 The radiant panel shall be placed in front of the radi­ometer, parallel to the plane tangent to the radiometer. The radiant panel shall be adjusted to obtain a stable, uniform irra- diance of 1.0 cal/cm², +0.01/-0.0 cal/cm² over a minimum 75-mm (3-in.) diameter circle located on the above plane and centered at the center of the test area. Calibration shall be achieved when the irradiance changes by less than 10 percent during a 3-minute period.

6-9.5.3 The thermocouple shall be affixed to the inside sur­face of the lining next to the foot, in the center of the test area. The radiometer shall be replaced with the protective footwear with the test area oriented parallel to the plane tangent to the heat source, at the same distance from the heat source. The area shall be exposed for 100 seconds, +5/-0 seconds.

6-9.5.4 The thermocouple temperature shall be recorded at 100 seconds of exposure.

6-9.6 Report.

6-9.6.1 The temperature at 100 seconds of exposure shall be reported for each specimen.

6-9.6.2 The average temperature at 100 seconds of exposure for all specimens shall also be calculated and reported.

6-9.7 Interpretation. The average temperature at 100 sec­onds of exposure for all specimens tested shall be used to determine pass/fail performance.

6-10 Radiant Reflective, Test Two. 6-10.1 Application.

6-10.1.1 This test method shall apply to garment outer shell materials, gloves, helmet faceshields, footwear, helmet outer covers, and helmet shrouds.

6-10.1.2 Modifications to this test method for testing garment outer shell and glove outer shell materials shall be as specified in 6-10.8.

6-10.5 Procedure.

6-10.5.1 The sensor face shall be wiped immediately after each run, while hot, to remove any decomposition products that con­dense and could be a source of error. If a deposit collects and appears to be thicker than a thin layer of paint, or is irregular, the sensor surface shall be reconditioned. The cooled sensor shall be carefully cleaned with cleaning solution, making cer­tain there is no ignition source nearby. If bare copper is show­ing, the surface shall be repainted with a thin layer of flat black spray paint. At least one calibration run shall be conducted before using the repainted sensor in a test run. The sensor shall be recalibrated after every sample run of five specimens. The sensor shall always approximate body temperature by contact with the hand prior to placing on the apparatus.

6-10.5.2 Specimens shall be exposed to a thermal flux of 2.0 cal/cm², ±0.1 cal/cm² as measured with copper calorimeter. The copper calorimeter shall be the only heat sensor used in setting the 2.0 cal-cm²/sec exposure condition. The total heat flux shall be calculated directly from the temperature response of the copper calorimeter constants. Other heat- sensing devices shall not be used to reference or adjust the heat flux read by the copper calorimeter. The 2.0 cal-cm²/sec exposure shall be determined directly and only from the volt­age output of the thermocouple, rising the measured temper­ature rise of the copper calorimeter, the area and mass of the calorimeter, and the heat capacity of copper to calibrate the incoming heat flux.

6-10.5.3 The abraded specimens shall then be placed in the specimen holder so that the abraded area will be centered in the opening of the specimen holder. The sensing device shall be placed in contact with the back of the specimen holder and then both shall be placed in front of the heat source so that the distance from the specimen to the nearest edge of the lamp surface is exactly 25 mm (1 in.). A hand- or mechanical- operated shutter device shall be placed between the specimen holder containing the test specimen and the lamps to com­pletely block the heat from reaching the specimen when lamps are first turned on. The lamps shall be turned on for a 60 second warm-up period. With the lamps still turned on, the shutter shall be removed from the front of the test specimen and the recorder started. The specimen shall be exposed to the heat for 25 seconds, then the current shall be turned off.

6-10.5.4 The radiant reflective value shall be graphically determined from the recorder chart of the sensor response and the overlay prepared in 6-10.4.1 of this section. The over­lay shall be positioned on the recorder chart, matching the zero of the overlay with the start of the exposure. The hori­zontal axis shall be placed in line with the initial trace of the pen. While keeping the overlay square with the recorder chart, the time in seconds shall be read from the overlay chart where the sensor response curve and the overlay curve inter­sect. The time in seconds shall be called the radiant reflective value for the test specimen.

6-10.6 Report.

6-10.6.1 Five specimens shall be run, and the radiant reflec­tive value shall be determined.

6-10.6.2 The average radiant reflective value of the five speci­mens shall be calculated and reported.

6-10.7 Interpretation. The average radiant reflective value of all specimens of an item shall be used to determine pass/fail.

6-10.8 Modifications for Testing Garment Outer Shell and Glove Outer Shell Materials.

6-10.8.1 The garment and glove outer shell material test spec­imens shall be 75 mm x 250 mm (3 in. x 10 in.) with the long- dimension in the warp or wale direction.

6-10.8.2 Specimens shall be tested as specified in 6-10.2 through 6-10.7.

6-10.9 Modifications for Testing Footwear.

6-10.9.1 Footwear specimens shall be five 75-mm x 250-mm (3-in. x 10-in.) pieces cut from the thinnest portions of the footwear upper, or from a composite that is representative of footwear upper construction at the thinnest part.

6-10.9.2 Specimens shall be tested as specified in 6-10.2 through 6-10.7.

6-11 Radiant Heat Transmittance, Test Three.

6-11.1 Application. This test shall apply to helmet shell systems.

6-11.2 Samples. One sample helmet shell, with any reflective outer covering in place as intended for use but with all shock absorbing and/or thermally insulating materials removed from the interior shall be used.

6-11.3 Specimen Preparation. Specimens shall be condi­tioned as specified in 6-1.3.2.

6-11.4 Apparatus.

6-11.4.1 The test apparatus shall be the radiant exposure chamber as specified in 6-1.6, Radiant Heat Environmental Conditioning Procedure for Helmets.

6-11.4.2 The sensor shall be an exposed bead Type J or K30 AWG thermocouple that will be connected to a recording- device that Ls capable of reading degrees centigrade.

6-11.5 Calibration Procedure. The chamber shall be cali­brated according to the calibration procedure specified in 6-1.6, Radiant Heat Environmental Conditioning Procedure for Hel­mets, to obtain a stable uniform irradiance of 1.0 ± 0.1 W/cm².

6-11.6 Procedure.

6-11.6.1 One specimen helmet shell, with any reflective outer covering in place as intended for use but with all shock absorb­ing- and/or thermally insulating materials removed from the interior, shall be used.

6-11.6.2 An exposed bead Type J or K30 AWG thermocouple shall be fastened to the inner surface of the specimen helmet shell in such a way that the thermocouple bead is in contact with the shell material. The thermocouple bead shall be permitted to be placed at any location within a 100-mm (4-in.) diameter of where the front rear axis of the center line of shell and the inter­section of the bitragion coronal are met. There shall be no internal or external projections greater than 2 mm (‘/ib in.) in height on the shell within 25 mm (1 in.) of the thermocouple bead in any direction. The thermocouple shall be connected to a recording- device that reads degrees centigrade.

6-11.6.3 The specimen helmet with thermocouple shall be placed in the radiant exposure chamber specified in 6-1.6. With the radiant panel adjusted to provide a stable uniform irradiance of 1.0 ± W/cm² in accordance with 6-1.6, the sam­ple shall be placed in the chamber so that the thermocouple location is in the center of the area of radiant exposure.

6-11.6.4 The specimen shall be exposed to an irradiance of 1.0 ± 0.1 W/cm² for 180 seconds.

6-11.6.5 Thermocouple temperatures shall be recorded at the beginning and at the end of the 180 seconds.

6-11.7 Report. The difference of the initial temperature and the temperature at 180 seconds shall be reported.

6-11.8 Interpretation. Any rise in temperature greater than 25°C shall constitute failure of this test.

6-12 Conductive and Compressive Heat Resistance Test (CCHR).

6-12.1 Application. This test method shall apply to the shoul­der areas and the knee areas of proximity protective garments.

6-12.2 Samples.

6-12.2.1 Samples shall consist of composites representative of all layers of the shoulder areas and knee areas used in the actual construction of the proximity protective garment. Dif­ferent samples shall be made representing each different com­posite combination used by the garment manufacturer.

6-12.2.1.1 Samples of garment shoulder areas shall be repre­sentative of the area in the actual garment that measures at least 100 mm (4 in.) along the crown of the shoulder and extending down from the crown on both the front and back of the garment at least 50 mm (2 in.). The crown of the shoulder shall be the uppermost line of the shoulder when the garment is lying flat on an inspection surface with all closures fastened.

6-12.2.1.2 Samples of garment knee areas shall be representa­tive of the knee area in the actual garment that measures at least 150 mm x 150 mm (6 in. x 6 in.).

6-12.2.2 Samples shall measure 200 mm x 200 mm (8 in. x 8 in.) and shall be prepared of the composite layers. The sample of the composite layers shall be sewn along two adjacent sides, with the layers arranged in the same order and orientation as intended to be worn.

6-12.2.3 All samples shall first be preconditioned as specified in 6-1.2. The outer shell shall be omitted from the samples for the preconditioning in accordance with 6-1.2, but shall be re­introduced to the samples following the preconditioning in the proper order and orientation as intended to be worn.

6-12.3 Specimen Preparation.

6-12.3.1 A minimum of six specimens for testing shall be taken from die samples after the preconditioning specified in 6-12.2.3.

6-12.3.2 Specimens shall measure 150 111111 x 150 111111 (6 in. x 6 in.) and shall be cut from the sample excluding the sewn areas so that the composite layers comprising the specimen are not sewn together at any point. Specimen composites shall include the outer shell.

6-12.3.3 Specimens, including the outer shells, for both wet condition testing and dry condition testing shall then be con­ditioned as specified in 6-1.3.

6-12.3.4 For wet condition testing only, the innermost layer of the composite specimen shall then be further conditioned as follows prior to testing:

(1) Blotter paper measuring 225 111111 x 225 111111 (9 in x 9 in.) shall be saturated in distilled water.

• Two sheets of the saturated blotter paper shall be run together through a wringer that meets the requirements of paragraph 10.2 of AATCC 70, Test Method for Water Repellency: Tumble Jar Dynamic Absorption Test.
• The innermost layer of the composite specimen shall be placed between the two sheets of blotting paper.
• The innermost layer of die composite specimen, between the two sheets of blotting paper, shall be placed into a 4 L (1 gal) airtight and liquidtight bag and the bag shall be sealed closed.
• The innermost layer of the composite specimen, between the two sheets of blotting paper, shall be conditioned in the airtight and liquidtight bag at room temperature for at least 24 hours, and shall not be removed from condi­tioning more than 5 minutes prior to testing.
• After removal from conditioning, the innermost layer shall be removed from the blotting paper, and the composite specimen shall be resembled with all layers arranged in die same order and orientation as intended to be worn.

6-12.4 Procedure.

6-12.4.1 A minimum of six specimens shall be tested for shoulder areas, three for wet condition testing, and three for dry condition testing; and a minimum of six specimens shall be tested for knee areas, three for wet condition testing, and three for dry condition testing.

6-12.4.2 Specimens shall be tested in accordance with ASTM F 1060, Standard Test Method for Thermal Protective Performance of Materials for Protective Clothing for Hot Surface Contact, with the modifications specified herein.

6-12.4.3 Specimens shall be tested using an exposure temper­ature of 280°C, +3°/-0°C (536°F, +5°/-0°F).

6-12.4.4 For the shoulder area CCHR rating, the sensor assembly shall be modified so that the pressure applied to the test specimens shall be 8 g/cm², ±0.8 g/cm² (2 psi, ±0.2 psi).

6-12.4.5 For the knee area CCLIR rating, the sensor assembly shall be modified so that the pressure applied to the test spec­imens shall be 32 g/cm², ±3.2 g/cm² (8 psi, ±0.08 psi).

6-12.4.6 The CCHR radng for each specimen in each test shall be the time in seconds to achieve a temperature rise of 24°C.

6-12.4.7 For purposes of calculating the time to a 24°C tem­perature rise, the room temperature in the testing area shall be determined immediately prior to starting the test. That temperature shall be used as the base temperature in deter­mining the 24°C rise. The time shall be measured to the near­est tenth of a second. Time “zero” shall be the time that the sensor and specimen are placed in direct contact with the exposure surface.

6-12.5 Report.

6-12.5.1 The individual CCHR rating for each specimen in each test shall be reported.

6-12.5.2 The average CCHR rating for the shoulder area wet condition test specimens shall be calculated and reported. The average CCLIR rating for the shoulder area dry condition test specimens shall be calculated and reported.

6-12.5.3 The average CCLIR rating for die knee area wet condi­tion test specimens shall be separately calculated and reported. The average CCHR rating for the knee area dry condition test specimens shall be separately calculated and reported.

6-13.5.2.5 The radiant thermal flux source of nine quartz infrared tubes alone shall be set to an incoming radiant heat flux of 12 kW/m², ±4 kW/m² (0.3 cal-cm²/sec, ±0.1 cal-cm²/ sec) using a commercial radiometer meeting the specifica­tions of 6-13.4.2. The radiometer window shall be positioned at the geometric center of the sample holder and at the same plane as a test specimen. The radiometer shall be mounted in a holder of the same overall size, shape, and material as the one used for the copper calorimeter to ensure similar heat and flame patterns across the faces of the radiometer and cal­orimeters. The radiant quartz tubes shall be turned to the on position for a minimum of 2 minutes prior to measuring the radiant heat flux.

6-13.5.2.6 The total heat flux shall be set at 83 kW/m², ±4 kW/m² (2.0 cal-cm²/sec, ±0.1 cal-cm²/sec) using the cal­ibration copper calorimeter, defined in 6-13.4.1.10, by adjusting only the gas supply to the Meker or Fisher burners. Without a mounted specimen, the calibration copper calo­rimeter shall be placed on top of the specimen holder with the blackened copper calorimeter facing down, and then exposed directly to the flame of the burner. The response of the calorimeter shall be recorded for at least 10 seconds. The lowest temperature point on the curve where the response is linear shall be chosen, and the increase in sensor tempera­ture for 10 seconds of heating shall also be determined. The initial reading from the 10-second reading shall be sub­tracted to obtain the increase. The response shall be 148°C, ± 4°C (267°F, ± 7°F), equivalent to 7.86 mV, ± 0.20 mV for an iron-constantan thermocouple for an exposure heat flux of 83 kW/m², ±2 kW/m² (2.0 cal-cm²/sec, ±0.05 cal-cm²/sec).

6-13.5.3 Test Procedure.

6-13.5.3.1 After the total thermal heat flux has been set at 83 kW/m², ±4 kW/m² (2.0 cal-cm²/sec, ± 0.1 cal-cm²/sec) using the calibration procedure in 6-13.5.2.4 through 6-13.5.2.6, the testing copper calorimeter shall be used to measure the total heat flux. Prior to testing, the testing cop­per calorimeter shall be used to measure the total heat flux by placing the calorimeter face down, then exposing it directly to the total heat source. The response of the calorim­eter shall be recorded for at least 10 seconds. The lowest tem­perature point on the curve where the response is linear shall be chosen, and the increase in sensor temperature for 10 sec­onds of heating shall be determined. The initial reading from the 10-second reading shall be subtracted to obtain the increase. The response shall be 148°C, ±4°C (267°F, ±7°F) equivalent to 7.86 mV, ±0.20 mVfor an iron-constantan ther­mocouple for an exposure heat flux of 83 kW/m², ±2 kW/m² (2.0 cal-cm²/sec, ±0.05 cal-cm²/sec).

6-13.5.3.2 If the measurement from the testing copper calo­rimeter is within +4/-0 kW/m² (+0.1/-0 cal-cm²/sec), then testing shall be done. If the measurement from the testing- copper calorimeter does not agree within +4/-0 kW/m² (+0.1/-0 cal-cm²/sec) of the measurement of the calibration calorimeter, the testing copper calorimeter shall be repaired, reconditioned, or replaced to achieve agreement.

6-13.5.3.3 Specimens shall be mounted by placing the surface of the material to be used as the outside of the garment face down on the mounting plate. The subsequent layers shall be placed on top in the order used in the garment, with the sur­face to be worn toward the skin facing up. With the protective shutter engaged, the specimens shall be placed on the speci­men holder.

6-13.5.3.4 The testing copper calorimeter shall be placed directly on the specimen in contact with the surface to be worn toward the skin.

6-13.5.3.5 The protective shutter shall be retracted and chart paper movement on the recorder shall be started using a chart speed consistent with the preparation of the overlay described in 6-13.5.4.1. The start time of the exposure shall be indicated. The exposure shall be continued for 30 sec­onds. The protective shutter shall be engaged (closed), the recorder shall be stopped, the calorimeter shall be removed and cooled, and then the specimen holder and exposed spec­imen shall be removed.

6-13.5.3.6 After each exposure, the calorimeter shall be cooled to 33°C, ±1°C (91°F, ±2°F) before the next heat flux determination. The sensor shall be cooled after exposure with a jet of air or by contact with a cold surface.

6-13.5.3.7 The sensor face shall be wiped immediately after each run, while hot, to remove any decomposition products that condense and could be a source of error. If a deposit col­lects and appears to be thicker than a thin layer of paint, or is irregular, the sensor surface shall be reconditioned. The cooled sensor shall be carefully cleaned with acetone or petroleum sol­vent, making certain there is no ignition source nearby.

6-13.5.3.7.1* If copper is showing on the testing copper calo­rimeter, the surface shall be completely repainted with a thin layer of flat black spray paint. At least one calibration run shall be performed comparing the testing copper calorimeter with the calibration copper calorimeter.

6-13.5.3.7.2 If the testing calorimeter is in error by more than +4/-0 kW/m² (+0.1/-0 cal-cm²/sec), all electrical connec­tions and points where thermocouples are secured to the test­ing calorimeter shall be checked. Two more calibration runs shall be conducted by comparing the testing copper calorim­eter with the calibration grade copper calorimeter. The aver­age error shall be calculated. If the average error of the testing- calorimeter is more than +4 kW/m² (+0.1 cal-cm²/sec), then the testing calorimeter shall be repaired and recalibrated or the testing calorimeter shall be replaced.

impacted 45 degrees. A new faceshield component shall be placed on the headfonn and impacted at 90 degrees. The impacts at the 45 degree and 90 degree positions shall be at either 10 mm (²⁵/b4 hi.) above or 10 mm (²⁵/b4 in.) below the plane of the eyes.

6-20.5.2.5 Eight specimens shall be tested.

6-20.6 Report. The pass/fail result for each helmet shall be reported.

6-20.7 Interpretation. One or more helmet specimens failing this test shall constitute failing performance.

6-21 Impact and Compression Tests.

6-21.1 Application. This test method shall apply to the toe

section of protective footwear.

6-21.2 Specimens. A minimum of three footwear items shall be tested for both impact and compression.

6-21.3 Sample Preparation.

6-21.3.1 Samples for conditioning shall be complete footwear toe sections.

6-21.3.2 Specimens shall be conditioned as specified in 6-1.3.

6-21.4 Procedure. Footwear specimens shall be tested in accordance with Section 1.4 of ANSI Z41, Standard for Personal Protection — Protective Footwear.

6-21.5 Report.

6-21.5.1 The impact and compression forces for each speci­men shall be reported.

6-21.5.2 The clearance after impact and the compression forces shall be recorded.

6-21.6 Interpretation. One or more footwear specimens fail­ing this test shall constitute failing performance.

6-22 Physical Penetration Resistance Test.

6-22.1 Application. This test method shall apply to protective helmets.

6-22.2 Specimens. Specimens shall be selected as specified in 2-3.9.

6-22.3 Sample Preparation.

6-22.3.1 Samples for conditioning shall be complete helmets.

6-22.3.2 Specimens shall be conditioned for each environmen­tal condition specified in 6-1.3, 6-1.4, 6-1.5, 6-1.6, and 6-1.7 prior to each physical penetration.

6-22.4 Apparatus.

6-22.4.1 The ISO size J headform shall conform to the nomi­nal dimensions in Figure 6-19.4.1. Above the test line, it shall have an electrically conductive surface that is electrically con­nected to the contact indicator.

6-22.4.2 The penetration striker shall have a mass of 1 kg, +0.02/-0.00 kg (2.2 lb, +0.01/-0.00 lb). The point of the striker shall be a cone with an included angle of 60 degrees, +0.5 degree, a height of 38 mm (IV2 ‘ⁿ-)» ^ai)d a tip radius of 0.5 mm, ±0.1 mm (0.020 in., ±0.004 in.). The hardness of the striking tip shall be Rockwell Scale C-60, minimum. The pen­etration striker shall be electrically connected to the contact indicator.

6-22.4.3 The contact indicator shall indicate when electrical contact has been made between the penetration striker and the conductive surface of the test headform. The contact indi­cator shall have a response time of less than 0.5 millisecond.

6-22.4.4 The test shall be conducted at an ambient tempera­ture of 20°C to 28°C (68°F to 82°F), and the relative humidity shall be 30 percent to 70 percent.

6-22.5 Procedure.

6-22.5.1 The environmentally conditioned helmet shall be placed 011 the rigidly mounted test headform and be secured by the helmet retention system or by other means that will not interfere with the test. The helmet shall be positioned so that the penetration striker shall impact perpendicular to the hel­met anywhere above the test line. The impact site shall be at least 76 mm (3 in.) from the center of a previous penetration or impact site.

6-22.5.2 The drop height of the penetration striker shall be adjusted so that the velocity at impact is at 7 m/sec, ±0.1 111/ sec (23 ft/sec, ±0.5 ft/sec). A total of two penetration tests for each of the five environmental conditions specified in 6-1.3, 6-1.4, 6-1.5, 6-1.6, and 6-1.7 shall be conducted in such a man­ner that at least one penetration test shall be performed in each of the test areas defined in Figure 6-1.6.1. The helmet shall be environmentally conditioned prior to each penetra­tion test. A minimum of two penetration test blows shall be applied at different test areas 011 each helmet.

6-22.6 Report The pass/fail result for each helmet shall be reported.

6-22.7 Interpretation. One or more helmet specimens failing this test shall constitute failing performance.

6-23 Puncture Resistance, Test One.

6-23.1 Application. This test method shall apply to protective gloves and footwear uppers.

6-23.2 Specimens. A minimum of three specimens measur­ing at least 150 mm (6 in.) square shall be tested.

6-23.3 Sample Preparation.

6-23.3.1 Samples for conditioning shall be complete gloves or footwear upper sections.

6-23.3.2 Specimens shall be tested after conditioning as spec­ified in 6-1.3.

6-23.4 Procedure. Specimens shall be tested in accordance with ASTM F 1342, Standard Test Method for Protective Clothing Material Resistance to Puncture.

6-23.5 Report

6-23.5.1 The puncture force in kg force (lb force) shall be reported for each specimen.

6-23.5.2 The average puncture force in kg force (lb force) shall be reported for all specimens tested.

6-23.6 Interpretation. The average puncture force shall be used to determine pass/fail performance.

6-23.7 Specific Requirements for Testing Gloves.

6-23.7.1 Specimens shall consist of each composite of the palm, palm side of the fingers, and back of the glove used in the actual glove construction, with the layers arranged in proper order. Where the specimen composites of the palm, palm side of the fingers, and back of the glove are identical, only one rep­resentative composite shall be required to be tested.

6-23.7.2 Glove specimens shall also be tested after wet condi­tion as specified in 6-1.8.

6-23.7.3 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-23.2 through 6-23.6.

6-23.8 Specific Requirements for Testing Footwear Uppers.

6-23.8.1 Specimens shall consist of each composite of foot­wear item used in the actual footwear construction, with the layers arranged in proper order. Specimens shall be taken from the thinnest portion of the footwear upper.

6-23.8.2 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-23.2 through 6-23.6.

6-24 Puncture Resistance, Test Two.

6-24.1 Application. This test method shall apply to protective footwear sole reinforcement devices.

6-24.2 Specimens. A minimum of three footwear sole rein­forcement devices shall be tested.

6-24.3 Sample Preparation.

6-24.3.1 Samples for conditioning shall be footwear sole rein­forcement devices.

6-24.3.2 Specimens shall be conditioned as specified in 6-1.3.

6-24.4 Procedure. Puncture resistance tests shall be per­formed in accordance with ANSI Z41, Standard for Personal Pro­tection — Protective Footwear.

6-24.5 Report. The force necessary to puncture the sole rein­forcement device of each specimen shall be reported.

6-24.6 Interpretation. One or more specimens failing this test shall constitute failing performance.

6-25 Cut Resistance Test. 6-25.1 Application.

6-25.1.1 This test method shall apply to glove and footwear upper materials.

6-25.1.2 Modifications to this test method for evaluation of glove body, gauntlet, and wristlet materials shall be as speci­fied in 6-25.7.

6-25.1.3 Modifications to this test method for evaluation of footwear upper materials shall be as specified in 6-25.8.

6-25.2 Specimens. A minimum of three specimens, consist­ing of all layers, shall be tested.

6-25.3 Sample Preparation.

6-25.3.1 Samples for conditioning shall be whole gloves or footwear uppers.

6-25.3.2 Specimens shall be conditioned as specified in 6-1.2.

6-25.4 Procedure. Specimens shall be evaluated in accor­dance with ASTM F 1790, Standard Test Methods for Measuring Cut Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing, with the modification that specimens shall be tested to a specific load with the measurement of cut distance.

6-25.5 Report.

6-25.5.1 The cut distance shall be reported to the nearest 1 mm (Ve4 hi.) for each sample specimen.

6-25.5.2 The average cut distance in mm (in.) shall be reported for all specimens tested.

6-25.6 Interpretation. The average cut distance shall be used to determine pass/fail performance.

6-25.7 Specific Requirements for Testing Glove Body, Gaundet, and Wrisdet Materials.

6-25.7.1 Specimens shall be taken from the back and palm of the glove and shall not include seams.

6-25.7.2 Cut resistance testing shall be performed under a load of 400 g.

6-25.8 Specific Requirements for Testing Footwear Upper Materials.

6-25.8.1 Specimens shall be taken from the parts of the foot­wear upper that provide uniform thickness and shall not include seams.

6-25.8.2 Cut resistance testing shall be performed under a load of 800 g.

6-26 Abrasion Resistance Test.

6-26.1 Application. This test method shall apply to protective footwear soles and heels.

6-26.2 Specimens. A minimum of three footwear soles with heels shall be tested.

6-26.3 Sample Preparation.

6-26.3.1 Samples for conditioning shall be complete footwear soles with heel.

6-26.3.2 Specimens shall be conditioned as specified in 6-1.3.

6-26.4 Procedure. Abrasion resistance tests shall be per­formed in accordance with ASTM D 1630, Standard Test Method for Rubber Properly —Abrasion Resistance (Footwear Abrader).

6-26.5 Report. The abrasion resistance rating of each speci­men shall be reported.

6-26.6 Interpretation. One or more footwear specimens fail­ing this test shall constitute failing performance.

6-27 Cleaning Shrinkage Resistance Test. 6-27.1 Application.

6-27.1.1 This test method shall apply to the proximity protec­tive garment outer shell, moisture barrier, thermal barrier, and winter liner and to the wristlet.

6-27.1.2 Modifications to this test method for testing woven textile materials shall be as specified in 6-27.7.

6-27.1.3 Modifications to this test method for testing knit and stretch woven materials shall be as specified in 6-27.8.

6-27.2 Specimens. Cleaning shrinkage resistance testing shall be conducted on three specimens of each material, and each sep­arable layer of a composite material shall be tested separately.

6-27.3 Sample Preparation. Specimens to be tested shall be conditioned as specified in 6-1.3.

6-27.4 Procedure.

6-27.4.1 Specimens shall be tested using five cycles of Machine Cycle 1, Wash Temperature V, and Drying Procedure Ai of AATCC 135, Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home Laun­dering of Woven and Knit Fabrics.

6-27.4.2 A 1.8-kg, ±0.1 kg (4-lb, ±0.2 lb) load shall be used. A laundry bag shall not be used.

6-27.4.3 Specimen marking and measurements shall be con­ducted in accordance with the procedure specified in AATCC 135, Dimensioned Changes in Automatic Home Laundering of Woven and Knit Fabrics.

6-27.4.4 Knit fabric specimens shall be pulled to original dimensions and shall be allowed to relax for 1 minute prior to measurement.

6-27.5 Report.

6-27.5.1 The percent change in the width and length dimen­sions of each specimen shall be calculated.

6-27.5.2 Results shall be reported as the average of all three specimens in each dimension.

6-27.6 Interpretation.

6-27.6.1 The average percent change in both dimensions shall be used to determine pass/fail performance.

6-27.6.2 Failure of either dimension shall constitute failure for the entire sample.

6-27.7 Specific Requirements for Testing Woven Textile Materials.

6-27.7.1 Each specimen shall be 380 mm x 380 mm, ±13 mm (15 in. x 15 in., ±Vo iⁿ) ^anfi shall be cut from the fabric to be used in the construction of the clothing item.

6-27.7.2 Samples for conditioning shall be at least 1 m (1 yd) square of each material.

6-27.7.3 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-27.2 through 6-27.6.

6-27.8 Specific Requirements for Testing Knit and Stretch Woven Textile Materials.

6-27.8.1 Other than for wristlets, the dimensions of each speci­men shall be 380 mm x 380 mm, ±13 mm (15 in. x 15 in., ±V₂ in.) and shall be cut from the fabric to be used in the construction of the clothing item.

6-27.8.2 The dimensions of wristlet specimens shall be 115 mm x 115 mm,±13 mm (4V₂in. x4’/2 in.,±V2 in.) and shall be cut from the wristlet fabric to be used in the consUuction of the clothing item.

6-27.8.3 Samples for conditioning shall include material that is at least 50 mm (2 in.) larger in each of the two required spec­imen dimensions.

6-27.8.4 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-27.2 through 6-27.6.

6-28 Water Penetration Test. 6-28.1 Application.

6-28.1.1 This test method shall apply to moisture barrier materials and moisture barrier seams.

6-28.1.2 Modifications to this test method for testing moisture barrier materials shall be as specified in 6-28.7.

6-28.1.3 Modifications to this test method for testing moisture barrier seams shall be as specified in 6-28.8.

6-28.2 Specimens.

6-28.2.1 A minimum of five specimens of moisture barrier material shall be tested.

6-28.2.2 Seam specimens shall be cut so that the seam divides the specimen into two equal halves.

6-28.3 Sample Preparation.

6-28.3.1 Specimens shall be tested both before and after being subjected to the procedure specified in 6-1.2.

6-28.3.2 Specimens to be tested shall be conditioned as speci­fied in 6-1.3.

6-28.3.3 Specimens to be tested shall then be conditioned as specified in 6-1.5.

6-28.4 Procedures.

6-28.4.1 Procedure A. Specimens shall be tested at 1.76 kg/ cm² (25 psi) in accordance with Method 5512, “Water Resistance of Coated Cloth; High Range, Hydrostatic Pressure Method,” of Federal Test Method Standard 191A, Textile Test Methods.

6-28.4.2 Procedure B. Specimens shall be tested at 0.07 kg/ cm² (1 psi) for 5 minutes in accordance with Method 5516, “Water Resistance of Cloth; Water Permeability; Hydrostatic Pressure Method,” of Federal Test Method Standard 191A,

Textile Test Methods.

6-28.5 Report The pass/fail results for each specimen shall be reported.

6-28.6 Interpretation.

6-28.6.1 The appearance of any water shall constitute failure.

6-28.6.2 One or more testfailures of anyspecimen against any liquid shall constitute failure of the material.

6-28.7 Specific Requirements for Testing Moisture Barrier Materials.

6-28.7.1 Samples for conditioning shall be at least 1 m (1 yd) square.

6-28.7.2 Samples for conditioning as specified in 6-1.5 shall be 150-mm (6-in.) squares cut from sample subjected to the pro­cedures specified in 6-1.2.

6-28.7.3 Specimens shall be tested as specified in 6-28.4.1, Procedure A, and 6-28.4.2, Procedure B.

6-28.8 Specific Requirements for Testing Moisture Barrier Seams.

6-28.8.1 Samples for conditioning shall be at least 150 mm x 1 m (6 in. x 39 in.), with the seam bisecting the sample in the longitudinal direction.

6-28.8.2 Samples for conditioning as specified in 6-1.5 shall be 150-mm (6-in.) squares cut from sample subjected to the pro­cedures specified in 6-1.2.

6-28.8.3 Specimens shall be tested as specified in 6-28.4.2, Procedure B.

6-29 liquid Penetration Resistance Test. 6-29.1 Application.

6-29.1.1 This test shall apply to proximity protective garment materials, protective gloves, and footwear.

6-29.1.2 Modifications to this test method for testing prox­imity protective garment materials shall be as specified in 6-29.7.1, 6-29.7.2, and 6-29.7.3.

6-29.1.3 Modifications to this test method for testing protec­tive gloves shall be as specified in 6-29.8.

6-29.1.4 Modifications to this test method for testing protec­tive footwear shall be as specified in 6-29.9.

6-29.2 Specimens.

6-29.2.1 A minimum of three specimens shall be tested.

6-29.2.2 Specimens shall consist of three 75-mm (3-in.) squares for each material type.

6-29.3 Sample Preparation.

6-29.3.1 Specimens shall be tested after being subjected to the procedure specified in 6-1.2.

6-29.3.2 Specimens to be tested shall be conditioned as speci­fied in 6-1.3.

6-29.3.3 Specimens to be tested shall then be conditioned as specified in 6-1.5.

6-29.4 Procedure.

6-29.4.1 Liquid penetration resistance testing shall be con­ducted in accordance with ASTM F 903, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Penetration by Liq­uids, using exposure Procedure C.

6-29.4.2 Each of the following liquids shall be tested sepa­rately against each sample specimen:

• Aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF), 3 percent concentrate
• Battery acid (37 percent w/w sulfuric acid)
• Fire-resistant hydraulic fluid, phosphate ester base
• Surrogate gasoline fuel C as defined in ASTM D 471, Standard Test Method for Ru bber Properly — Effect of Liquids, a 50/50 percent by volume of Toluene and Iso-octane
• Swimming pool chlorinating chemical containing at least 65 percent free chlorine (saturated solution)

6-29.4.3 The normal outer surface of the material shall be exposed to the liquid as oriented in the clothing item.

6-29.5 Report. The pass/fail result for each specimen shall be reported.

6-29.6 Interpretation. One or more test failures of any speci­men against any liquid shall constitute failure of the material.

6-29.7 Specific Requirements for Testing Moisture Barrier Materials.

6-29.7.1 Samples for conditioning shall be at least 1 m (1 yd) square.

6-29.7.2 Specimens shall consist of a composite of layers that act as a barrier and seam areas. All layers shall be arranged in proper order.

6-29.7.3 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-29.2 through 6-29.6.

6-29.8 Specific Requirements for Testing Glove Materials.

6-29.8.1 Three specimens each shall be taken from the sam­ple gloves at the palm, back, and seam areas.

6-29.8.2 Samples for conditioning shall be whole gloves.

6-29.8.3 Testing shall be performed as specified in 6-29.2 through 6-29.6.

6-29.9 Specific Requirements for Testing Footwear Materials.

6-29.9.1 Samples for conditioning shall be whole footwear.

6-29.9.2 Three specimens each shall be taken from the upper and any upper seam areas.

6-29.9.3 Testing shall be performed as described in 6-29.2 through 6-29.6.

6-30 Viral Penetration Resistance Test. 6-30.1 Application.

6-30.1.1 This test shall apply to proximity protective garment moisture barriers and to moisture barrier seams, protective gloves, and protective footwear.

6-30.1.2 Modifications to this test method for testing moisture barriers shall be as specified in 6-30.7.

6-30.1.3 Modifications to this test method for testing moisture barrier seams shall be as specified in 6-30.8.

6-30.1.4 Modifications to this test method for testing gloves shall be as specified in 6-30.9.

6-30.1.5 Modifications to this test method for testing footwear shall be as specified in 6-30.10.

6-30.2 Specimens.

6-30.2.1 A minimum of three specimens shall be tested.

6-30.2.2 Specimens shall consist of three 75-mm (3-in.) squares for each material type.

6-30.3 Sample Preparation.

6-30.3.1 Specimens other than footwear shall be tested after being subjected to the procedure specified in 6-1.2.

6-30.3.2 All specimens to be tested shall be conditioned as specified in 6-1.3.

6-30.3.3 All specimens to be tested shall then be conditioned as specified in 6-1.5.

6-30.4 Procedure. Liquid penetration resistance testing shall be conducted in accordance with ASTM F 1671, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing to Pen­etration by Blood-Borne Pathogens Using Phi-X-174 Bacteriophage as a Test System.

6-30.5 Report. The pass/fail result for each specimen shall be reported.

6-30.6 Interpretation. A failure of any specimen against any chemical constitutes failure of the material.

6-30.7 Specific Requirements for Testing Moisture Barrier Materials.

6-30.7.1 Specimens shall consist of the moisture barrier or that material intended to act as the moisture barrier.