EN 54-31 Fire detection and fire alarm system – Part 31: Multi-sensor fire detectors – Point detectors using a combination of smoke, carbon monoxide and optionally heat sensors

1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for point-type multi- sensor fire detectors for use in fire detection and fire alarm systems installed in and around buildings (see EN 54-1:2011), incorporating in one mechanical enclosure at least one optical or ionization smoke sensor and at least one carbon monoxide (CO) sensor and optionally one or more heat sensors, utilizing the combination of the detected phenomena. This European Standard covers only modes of operation, where at least the signals of both smoke and carbon monoxide sensors are continuously evaluated.
This European Standard provides for the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP) of point detectors using a combination of smoke, carbon monoxide and optionally heat sensors to this EN.
Point detectors using a combination of smoke, carbon monoxide and optionally heat sensors, which are having special characteristics suitable for the detection of specific fire risks are not covered by this European Standard. The performance requirements for any additional functions are beyond the scope of this standard (e.g. additional features or enhanced functionality for which this European Standard does not define a test or assessment method).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 54-1:2011, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 1: Introduction
EN 54-5:2000, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 5: Heat detectors — Point detectors
EN 54-5:2000/A1:2002, Fire detection and fire alarm systems — Part 5: Heat detectors — Point detectors
EN 50130-4:2011, Alarm systems — Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility — Product family standard: Immunity requirements for components of fire, intruder, hold up, CCTV, access control and social alarm systems
EN 60068-1:1994, Environmental testing — Part 1: General and guidance (IEC 60068-1:1988)
EN 60068-2-1:2007, Environmental testing — Part 2-1: Tests — Test A: Cold (IEC 60068-2-1:2007)
EN 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing — Part 2-2: Tests — Test B: Dry heat (IEC 60068-2-2:2007)
EN 60068-2-6:2008, Environmental testing — Part 2-6: Tests — Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) (IEC 60068-2¬6:2008)
EN 60068-2-27:2009, Environmental testing — Part 2-27: Tests — Test Ea and guidance: Shock (IEC 60068¬2-27:2009)
EN 60068-2-30:2005, Environmental testing — Part 2-30: Tests — Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h + 12 h cycle) (IEC 60068-2-30:2005)
EN 60068-2-42:2003, Environmental testing — Part 2-42: Tests — Test Kc: Sulphur dioxide test for contacts and connections (IEC 60068-2-42:2003)
EN 60068-2-78:2001, Environmental testing — Part 2-78: Tests — Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state (IEC 60068-2-78:2001)
ISO 209:2007, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Chemical composition
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 54-1:2011 and the following apply.
3.1
non-volatile memory
memory elements which do not require the presence of an energy source for the retention of their contents
3.2
site specific data
alterable data required for the detector to operate in a defined detector configuration
3.3
smoke response value
aerosol density in the proximity of a test specimen at the moment that it generates a reference signal in a smoke tunnel
3.4
heat response value
temperature in the proximity of a test specimen at the moment that it generates a reference signal in a heat tunnel
3.5
CO response value
moment that it generates a reference signal in a gas
CO concentration in the proximity of the specimen at the test chamber
Note 1 to entry: The CO response value may depend on signal processing in the detector and in the control and indicating equipment.
3.6
sensor
transducer, which is assigned to be receptive to one fire phenomenon and converts its information into an electrical output
4 Requirements
4.1 General
In order to comply with this standard, the detector shall meet the requirements of this clause, which shall be verified by visual inspection or engineering assessment or shall be tested as described in Clause 5 and shall meet the requirements of the tests.
4.2 Categorization
The manufacturer shall state the category of the detector or of each setting of the detector, in case the detector has several settings to be tested.
The following four categories can be declared: M, N, MT, NT.
Category M
Category M identifies detectors or detector settings not using a heat sensor. Category M detectors or detector settings are intended to withstand high levels of a single fire phenomenon without giving a fire alarm. The requirements of 4.8.1 and 4.8.2 apply to category M.
Category MT
Category MT identifies detectors or detector settings using a heat sensor. Category MT detectors or detector settings are intended to withstand high levels of a single fire phenomenon without giving a fire alarm. The requirements of 4.8.1, 4.8.2 and 4.8.3 apply to category MT.
Category N
Category N identifies detectors or detector settings not using a heat sensor, Category N detectors or detector settings may give a fire alarm in presence of a single fire phenomenon. The requirements of 4.8 do not apply.
Category NT
Category NT identifies detectors or detector settings using a heat sensor, Category NT detectors or detector settings may give a fire alarm in presence of a single fire phenomenon. The requirements of 4.8 do not apply.
NOTE Additional requirements related to the heat sensor apply for detectors or detector settings of the categories NT and MT. These requirements are defined in 4.3.8, 4.3.9 and 4.3.12.
4.3 Nominal activation conditions/sensitivity
4.3.1 Individual alarm indication
The detector shall be provided with an integral red visual indicator, by which the individual detector that released an alarm, can be identified, until the alarm condition is reset. Where other conditions of the detector can be visually indicated, they shall be clearly distinguishable from the alarm indication, except when the detector is switched into a service mode. For detachable detectors, the indicator may be integral with the base or the detector head. The visual indicator shall be visible from a distance of 6 m directly below the detector, in an ambient light intensity up to 500 lux when assessed as described in 5.2.1.
NOTE The alarm condition is reset manually at the control and indicating equipment (see EN 54.2:1997 as amended by EN 54-2:1997/A1:2006).
4.3.2 Response to slowly developing fires, aging and contamination
The detector may incorporate provision for “drift compensation”, for example to compensate for sensor drift due to the build up of dirt in the detector, If such drift compensation is included, then it shall not lead to a significant reduction in the detector’s sensitivity to slowly developing fires when assessed as specified in 5.2.2.
4.3.3 Rate sensitive CO response
The CO response value of the detector may depend on the rate of change of CO concentration in the vicinity of the detector. Such behaviour may be incorporated in the detector design to improve the discrimination between ambient CO levels and those generated by a fire. If such rate sensitive behaviour is included then it shall not lead to a significant reduction in the detector’s sensitivity to fires, nor to a significant increase in the probability of false alarm when assessed as specified in 5.2.3.
4.3.4 Repeatability of smoke response
The detector shall have stable behaviour with respect to its sensitivity to smoke after a number of alarm conditions. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.2.4.
4.3.5 Directional dependence of smoke response
The sensitivity of the detector to smoke shall not be unduly dependent on the direction of airflow around it. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.2.5.
4.3.6 Repeatability of CO response
The detector shall have stable behaviour with respect to its sensitivity to CO after a number of alarm conditions. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.2.6.
4.3.7 Directional dependence of CO response
The sensitivity of the detector to CO shall not be unduly dependent on the direction of airflow around it. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.2.7.
4.3.8 Directional dependence of heat response
If categorized as category MT or NT detector, the heat sensitivity of the detector shall not be unduly dependent on the direction of airflow around it. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.2.8.
4.3.9 Lower limit of heat response
If categorized as category MT or NT detector, the detector shall not be more sensitive to heat alone, without the presence of smoke or CO or both, than is permitted in EN 54-5:2000 as amended by EN 54-5:2000/A1:2002. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.2.9.
4.3.10 Reproducibility of smoke response
The sensitivity of the detector to smoke shall not vary unduly from specimen to specimen. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.2.10.
4.3.11 Reproducibility of CO response
The sensitivity of the detector to CO shall not vary unduly from specimen to specimen. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.2.11.
4.3.12 Reproducibility of heat response
If classified as class MT or NT detector, the heat sensitivity of the detector shall not vary unduly from specimen to specimen. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.2.12.
4.3.13 Air movement
The sensitivity of the detector shall not be unduly affected by the rate of the airflow and that it is not unduly prone to false alarms in draughts or in short gusts. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.2.13.
4.3.14 Dazzling
The sensitivity of the detector shall not be unduly influenced by the close proximity of artificial light sources. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.2.14. This test is only applicable to detectors using optical smoke sensors, as ionization chamber detectors are considered unlikely to be influenced.
4.4 Operational reliability
4.4.1 Connection of ancillary devices
Where the detector provides for connections to ancillary devices (e.g. remote indicators, control relays), open- or short-circuit failures of these connections shall not prevent the correct operation of the detector.
4.4.2 Monitoring of detachable detectors
For detachable detectors, means shall be provided for a remote monitoring system (e.g. the control and indicating equipment) to detect the removal of the head from the base, in order to give a fault signal.
4.4.3 Manufacturer’s adjustments
It shall not be possible to change the manufacturer’s settings except by special means (e.g. the use of a special code or tool) or by breaking or removing a seal.
4.4.4 On-site adjustment of response behaviour
If there is provision for on-site adjustment of the response behaviour of the detector then:
4.4.5
4.4.6 Protection against the ingress of foreign bodies
The detector shall be so designed that a sphere of diameter (1,3 ± 0,05) mm cannot pass into the smoke sensor chamber(s).
NOTE This requirement is intended to restrict the access of insects into the sensitive parts of the detector. It is known that this requirement is not sufficient to prevent the access of all insects, however it is considered that extreme restrictions on the size of access holes may introduce the danger of clogging by dust etc. It may therefore be necessary to take other precautions against false alarms due to the entry of small insects.
4.4.7 Software controlled detectors
4.4.6.1 General
For detectors which rely on software control in order to fulfil the requirements of this standard, the requirements of 4.4.6.2, 4.4.6.3 and 4.4.6.4 shall be met.
4.4.6.2 Software documentation 4.4.6.2.1 Design overview
The manufacturer shall submit documentation which gives an overview of the software design. This documentation shall be in sufficient detail for the design to be inspected for compliance with this standard and shall include at least the following:
4.4.6.3 Software design
In order to ensure the reliability of the detector, the following requirements for software design shall apply:
4.4.6.4 The storage of programs and data
The program necessary to comply with this standard and any pre-set data, such as manufacturer’s settings, shall be held in non-volatile memory. Writing to areas of memory containing this program and data shall only be possible by the use of some special tool or code and shall not be possible during normal operation of the detector.
Site-specific data shall be held in memory which will retain data for at least two weeks without external power to the detector, unless provision is made for the automatic renewal of such data, following loss of power, within 1 h of power being restored.
4.4.7 Long term stability
The detectors shall be stable over long periods of time. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.3.7.
4.5 Tolerance to supply parameters – Variation in supply parameters
Within the specified range(s) of the supply parameters, the sensitivity of the detector shall not be unduly dependent on these parameters (e.g. voltage). To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.4.1.
4.6 Performance parameters under fire conditions – Fire sensitivity
The detector shall have adequate sensitivity to incipient type fires that may occur in buildings. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.5.1.
4.7 Durability of nominal activation conditions/sensitivity
4.7.1 Temperature resistance
4.7.1.1 Dry heat (operational)
The detector shall function correctly at high ambient temperatures. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.1.1.
4.7.1.2 Dry heat (endurance)
The detector shall be capable of withstanding long term exposure to high temperature. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.1.2.
4.7.1.3 Cold (operational)
The detector shall function correctly at low ambient temperatures. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.1.3.
4.7.2 Humidity resistance
4.7.2.1 Damp heat, cyclic (operational)
The detector shall function correctly at a high level of relative humidity with short period of condensation. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.2.1.
4.7.2.2 Damp heat steady-state (operational)
The detector shall function correctly at high relative humidity (without condensation) as specified in 5.6.2.2.
4.7.2.3 Damp heat steady-state (endurance)
The detector shall be capable of withstanding long term exposure to a high level of continuous humidity. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.2.3.
4.7.2.4 Low humidity, steady-state (operational)
The detector shall function correctly at low relative humidity. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.2.4.
4.7.3 Shock and vibration resistance
4.7.3.1 Shock (operational)
The detector shall function correctly when submitted to mechanical shocks which are likely to occur in the service environment. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.3.1.
4.7.3.2 Impact (operational)
The detector shall function correctly when submitted to mechanical impacts which it may sustain in the normal service environment. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.3.2.
4.7.3.3 Vibration, sinusoidal (operational)
The detector shall function correctly when submitted to vibration at levels appropriate to its normal service environment. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.3.3.
4.7.3.4 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance)
The detector shall be capable of withstanding long exposure to vibration at levels appropriate to the service environment. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.3.4.
4.7.4 Electrical stability – EMC, immunity (operational)
The detector shall operate correctly when submitted to electromagnetic interference. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.4.1.
4.7.5 Resistance to chemical agents
4.7.5.1 SO2 corrosion (endurance)
The detector shall be capable of withstanding the corrosive effects of sulphur dioxide as an atmospheric pollutant. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.5.1.
4.7.5.2 Exposure to high level of carbon monoxide
The detector shall respond appropriately when exposed to high levels of CO. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.5.2.
4.7.5.3 Exposure to chemical agents at environmental concentrations (endurance)
The detector shall be capable of withstanding the effects of exposure to atmospheric pollutants or chemicals which may be encountered in the service environment. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.6.5.3.
4.8 Detector sensitivity to single fire phenomena 4.8.1 Sensitivity to smoke
If categorized as category M or MT detector, the detector shall be capable of withstanding the presence of smoke alone without giving an alarm. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.7.1.
4.8.2 Sensitivity to carbon monoxide
If categorized as category M or MT detector, the detector shall be capable of withstanding the presence of carbon monoxide alone without giving an alarm. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.7.2.
4.8.3 Sensitivity to heat
If categorized as category MT detector, the detector shall be capable of withstanding the presence of heat alone without giving an alarm. To confirm this, the detector shall be assessed in accordance with 5.7.3.
5 Testing, assessment and sampling methods 5.1 General
5.1.1 Atmospheric conditions for tests
Unless otherwise stated in a test procedure, the testing shall be carried out after the test specimen has been allowed to stabilize in the standard atmospheric conditions for testing as described in EN 60068-1:1994 as follows:
5.1.2 Operating conditions for tests
If a test method requires a specimen to be operational, then the specimen shall be connected to a suitable supply and monitoring equipment with characteristics as required by the manufacturer’s data. Unless otherwise specified in the test method, the supply parameters applied to the specimen shall be set within the manufacturer’s specified range(s) and shall remain substantially constant throughout the tests. The value chosen for each parameter shall normally be the nominal value, or the mean of the specified range. If a test procedure requires a specimen to be monitored to detect any alarm or fault signals, then connections shall be made to any necessary ancillary devices (e.g. through wiring to an end-of-line device for conventional detectors) to allow an alarm or fault signal to be recognized. The details of the supply and monitoring equipment and the alarm criteria used shall be given in the test report.
5.1.3 Mounting arrangements
The specimen shall be mounted by its normal means of attachment and in its normal orientation in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. If these instructions describe more than one method of mounting, or more than one acceptable orientation, for each test the method evaluated to be most unfavourable shall be chosen.
5.1.4 Tolerances
Unless otherwise stated, the tolerances for the environmental test parameters shall be as given in the basic reference standards for the test (e.g. the relevant part of EN 60068).
If a requirement or test procedure does not specify a tolerance or deviation limits, then deviation limits of ± 5 % shall be applied.
5.1.5 Measurement of smoke response value
The specimen, for which the smoke response value is to be measured, shall be installed in the smoke tunnel, described in Annex A, in its normal operating position, by its normal means of attachment. The orientation of the specimen, relative to the direction of airflow, shall be the least sensitive orientation, as determined in the directional dependence test (5.2.5), unless otherwise specified in the test procedure.
Before commencing each measurement the smoke tunnel shall be purged to ensure that the tunnel and the specimen are free from the test aerosol.
The air velocity in the proximity of the specimen shall be (0,2 ± 0,04) m s-1 during the measurement, unless otherwise specified in the test procedure.
Unless otherwise specified in the test procedure, the air temperature in the tunnel shall be (23 ± 5)°C and shall not vary by more than 5 K for all the measurements on a particular detector type.
5.1.6 Measurement of CO response value
The specimen, for which the CO response value is to be measured, shall be installed in the gas test chamber, described in Annex D, in its normal operating position, by its normal means of attachment. The orientation of the specimen, relative to the direction of airflow, shall be the least sensitive orientation, as determined in the directional dependence test, unless otherwise specified in the test procedure.
Before commencing each measurement, the gas test chamber shall be purged with clean air to ensure that the concentration of CO in the gas test chamber is less than 1,5 ^l/l.
The air velocity in the proximity of the specimen shall be (0,2 ± 0,04) m/s during the measurement, unless otherwise specified in the test procedure.
Unless otherwise specified in the test procedure, the air temperature in the gas test chamber shall be (23 ± 5)°C and shall not vary by more than 5 K for all the measurements.
The specimen shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2, and shall be allowed to stabilize for a period of at least 15 min, unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer.
CO shall be introduced into the gas test chamber such that the rate of increase of CO concentration is between 1 ^l/l per minute and 6 ^l/l per minute, unless otherwise specified in the test procedure. For detectors with a rate sensitive behaviour, the manufacturer may specify a rate of increase within this range to ensure that the measured CO response value is representative of the static CO response value of the detector.
The rate of increase in CO concentration shall be similar for all measurements on a particular detector type.
5.1.7 Measurement of heat response value
The specimen for which the heat response value is to be measured shall be installed in a heat tunnel, as specified in Annex E, in its normal operating position, by its normal means of attachment. The orientation of the specimen, relative to the direction of airflow, shall be the least sensitive one, as determined in the directional dependence test (5.4), unless otherwise specified in the test procedure.
The specimen shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment as specified in 5.1.2, and be allowed to stabilize for at least 15 min, unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer.
5.1.8 Provision for tests
The following shall be provided for testing compliance with this standard:
5.1.9 Test schedule
The specimens shall be tested according to the following test schedule (see Table 1). After the reproducibility test, the three least sensitive specimens to smoke (i.e. those with the highest smoke response values) shall be numbered 5 to 7, by decreasing sensitivity. Of the remaining specimens, the three least sensitive specimens to CO (i.e. those with the highest CO response values) shall be numbered 8 to 10, by decreasing sensitivity and the others shall be numbered 1 to 4 and 11 to 33 arbitrarily.
5.2 Nominal activation conditions/sensitivity
5.2.1 Individual alarm indication
A visual inspection of a specimen shall be conducted to verify that the detector meets the requirements for individual alarm indication as specified in 4.3.1.
The specimen shall be checked for adequate visibility in an ambient light intensity of 500 lux.
5.2.2 Response to slowly developing fires, aging and contamination
The behaviour of the multi-sensor fire detector to slowly developing fires, aging and contamination shall be assessed to meet the requirements of 4.3.2.
Since it is not practical to make tests with very slow increases in smoke density or CO concentration, an assessment of the detector’s response to slow increases in smoke density or CO concentration shall be made by analysis of the circuit/software, and/or physical tests and simulations.
The detector shall be deemed to meet the requirements of 4.3.2 if this assessment shows that:
5.2.3 Rate sensitive CO response
The behaviour of the CO fire detector to rate sensitive CO response shall be assessed to meet the requirements in 4.3.3 by analysis of the circuit/software, and/or by physical tests and simulations.
5.2.4 Repeatability of smoke response
5.2.4.1 Object
To show that the detector has stable behaviour with respect to its sensitivity to smoke even after the smoke response value was reached several times.
5.2.4.2 Test procedure
The smoke response value of the specimen to be tested shall be measured as described in 5.1.5 six times.
The specimen’s orientation relative to the direction of airflow is arbitrary, but it shall be the same for all six measurements.
5.2.4.3 Requirements
5.2.5 Directional dependence of smoke response
5.2.5.1 Object
To confirm that the sensitivity of the detector to smoke is not unduly dependent on the direction of airflow around the detector.
5.2.5.2 Test procedure
The smoke response value of the specimen to be tested shall be measured eight times as described in 5.1.5, the specimen being rotated 45° about its vertical axis between each measurement, so that the measurements are taken for eight different orientations relative to the direction of air flow.
5.2.6 Repeatability of CO response
5.2.6.1 Object
To show that the detector has stable behaviour with respect to its sensitivity to CO even after the CO response value was reached several times.
5.2.6.2 Test procedure
The CO response value of the specimen to be tested shall be measured as described in 5.1.6 six times.
The specimen’s orientation relative to the direction of airflow is arbitrary, but it shall be the same for all six measurements.
The maximum response threshold value shall be designated Smax, the minimum value shall be designated Smin.
5.2.6.3 Requirements
5.2.7 Directional dependence of CO response
5.2.7.1 Object
To confirm that the sensitivity of the detector to CO is not unduly dependent on the direction of airflow around the detector.
5.2.7.2 Test procedure
The CO response value of the specimen to be tested shall be measured eight times as described in 5.1.6, the specimen being rotated 45° about its vertical axis between each measurement, so that the measurements are taken for eight different orientations relative to the direction of air flow.
The maximum CO response value shall be designated Smax, the minimum value shall be designated Smin.
The orientations, for which the maximum and minimum CO response values were measured, shall be noted.
In the following tests the orientation for which the maximum CO response value was measured is referred to as the least sensitive orientation for CO, and the orientation for which the minimum CO response value was measured is referred to as the most sensitive orientation for CO.
5.2.7.3 Requirements
not greater than 1,6.
shall be not less than 0,05 dB m-1.
5.2.8 Directional dependence of heat response
5.2.8.1 Object of test
To confirm that the heat sensitivity of the detector is not unduly dependent on the direction of airflow around the detector.
5.2.8.2 Test procedure
The heat response value of the specimen shall be tested eight times as specified in 5.1.7 at a rate of rise of air temperature of 10 K/min, the specimen being rotated about a vertical axis by 45 ° between each measurement, so that the measurements are taken for eight different orientations relative to the direction of airflow. The specimen shall be stabilized at 25 °C before each measurement.
The maximum heat response value shall be designated as Tmax; the minimum value as Tmin.
5.2.8.3 Requirements
The ratio of the heat response values Tmax : Tmin shall be not greater than 1,6.
5.2.9 Lower limit of heat sensitivity
5.2.9.1 Object of the test
To confirm that detectors are not more sensitive to heat alone, without the presence of smoke or CO or both, than is permitted in EN 54-5:2000 as amended by EN 54-5:2000/A1:2002. This test is only applicable to detectors able to provide an alarm on heat only.
5.2.9.2 Test procedure
Measure the heat response value of the specimen to be tested, in its most sensitive orientation, using the methods described in EN 54-5:2000, 5.3 and 5.4 as amended by EN 54-5:2000/A1:2002. For the purposes of these tests, the test parameters for Class A1 detectors according to EN 54-5:2000 as amended by EN 54-5:2000/A1:2002 shall be used.
NOTE The minimum static response temperature needs to be greater than that which is required to comply with the operational heat test (5.6.1.1.2).
5.2.9.3 Requirements
In the test for static response temperature (EN 54-5:2000, 5.3 as amended by EN 54-5:2000/A1:2002), the specimen shall not give an alarm signal at a temperature less than the minimum static response temperature specified in EN 54-5:2000, Table 1, as amended by EN 54-5:2000/A1:2002 for a Class A1 detector according to EN 54-5:2000 as amended by EN 54-5:2000/A1:2002.
5.2.10 Reproducibility of smoke response
5.2.10.1 Object
To show that the sensitivity of the detector to smoke does not vary unduly from specimen to specimen and to establish smoke response value data for comparison with the smoke response values measured after the environmental tests.
5.2.10.2 Test procedure
The smoke response value of each of the test specimens shall be measured as described in 5.1.5.
The mean of these smoke response values shall be calculated and shall be designated y or m .
5.2.11 Reproducibility of CO response
5.2.11.1 Object
To show that the sensitivity of the detector to CO does not vary unduly from specimen to specimen and to establish CO response value data for comparison with the CO response values measured after the environmental tests.
5.2.11.2 Test procedure
The CO response value of each of the test specimens shall be measured as described in 5.1.6.
The mean of these CO response values shall be calculated and shall be designated S .
The maximum CO response value shall be designated Smax and the minimum value shall be designated Smin.
5.2.12 Reproducibility of heat response 5.2.12.1 Object of the test
To show that the heat sensitivity of the detector does not vary unduly from specimen to specimen and to establish heat response value data for comparison with the heat response values measured after the environmental tests.
5.2.12.2 Test procedure
Measure the heat response value of each of the test specimens as specified in 5.1.7 at a rate of rise of air temperature of 20 K/min and record the heat response value.
Designate the maximum heat response value as Tmax; the minimum value as Tmin.
5.2.12.3 Requirements
The ratio of the heat response values Tmax : Tmin shall be not greater than 1,3. 5.2.13 Air movement
5.2.13.1 Object of test
To show that the sensitivity of the detector is not unduly affected by the rate of the air flow, and that it is not unduly prone to false alarms in draughts or in short gusts.
5.2.14 Dazzling
5.2.14.1 Object of test
To show that the sensitivity of the detector is not unduly influenced by the close proximity of artificial light sources. This test is only applicable to detectors using optical smoke sensors, as ionization chamber detectors are considered unlikely to be influenced.
5.2.14.2 Test procedure
Install the dazzling apparatus, described in Annex H in the smoke tunnel described in Annex A. Install the specimen in the dazzling apparatus in the least sensitive orientation and connect it to its supply and monitoring equipment. Then apply the following test procedure:
5.2.14.3 Requirements
During the periods when the switching sequences are being conducted and when the lamps are all ON for at least 1 min, the specimen shall not emit either an alarm or fault signal.
For each orientation, the ratio of the smoke response values mmax : mmin shall be not greater than 1,6.
5.3 Operational reliability
5.3.1 Connection of ancillary devices
A visual inspection of a specimen shall be conducted to verify that the detector meet the requirements for individual alarm indication specified in 4.4.1.
5.3.2 Monitoring of detachable detectors
A visual inspection of a specimen shall be conducted to verify that the detector meet the requirements for individual alarm indication specified in 4.4.2.
5.3.3 Manufacturer’s adjustments
A visual inspection of a specimen shall be conducted to verify that the detector meet the requirements for individual alarm indication specified in 4.4.3.
5.3.4 On-site adjustment of behaviour
A visual inspection of a specimen shall be conducted to verify that the detector meet the requirements for individual alarm indication specified in 4.4.4.
5.3.5 Protection against the ingress of foreign bodies
An inspection of a specimen shall be conducted to verify that the detector meet the requirements for individual alarm indication specified in 4.4.5.
5.3.6 Software controlled devices
For detectors that rely on software for their operation, an assessment of the documentation provided by the manufacturer shall be conducted to verify that the device complies with the requirements specified in 4.4.6.
5.3.7 Long term stability
5.3.7.1 Object
To confirm that the detectors are stable over long periods of time.
5.3.7.2 Test procedure
During the duration of the test the detector shall be connected to suitable supply and monitoring equipment and shall be placed in laboratory atmospheric conditions (see 5.1.1).
The CO response value shall be measured without any reset or restart, as described in 5.1.6, after 84 days from the start of the test.
The highest of the values measured in this test and that measured for the same detector in the reproducibility test shall be designated as Smax. The lowest of the values measured in this test and that measured for the same detector in the reproducibility test shall be designated as Smin.
5.4 Tolerance to supply parameters 5.4.1 Variation in supply parameters
5.4.1.1 Object
To show that, within the specified range(s) of the supply parameters (e.g. voltage), the sensitivity of the detector is not unduly dependent on these parameters.
5.5 Performance parameters under fire conditions 5.5.1 Fire sensitivity
5.5.1.1 Object
To show that the detector has adequate sensitivity to a broad spectrum of fire types as required for general application in fire detection systems for buildings.
5.5.1.2 Principle
The specimens are mounted in a standard fire test room (see Annex J) and are exposed to a series of test fires designed to produce smoke, CO and heat.
5.5.1.3 Test procedure
5.5.1.3.1 Fire test room
5.5.1.3.2 Test Fires
The specimens shall be subjected to six test fires, TF1, TF2, TF3, TF4, TF5 and TF8 as described in Annexes K, L, M, N, O and P including the type, quantity and arrangement of the fuel and the method of ignition along with the end of test condition and the required profile curve limits.
In order to be a valid test fire, the development of the fire shall be such that the profile curves of m againsty, m against time t and S against time t fall within the specified limits, up to the time when all of the specimens have generated an alarm signal or the end of test condition is reached, whichever is the earlier. If these conditions are not met then the test is invalid and shall be repeated. It is permissible, and may be necessary, to adjust the quantity, condition (e.g. moisture content) and arrangement of the fuel to obtain valid test fires.
5.5.1.3.3 Mounting of the specimens
The six specimens (Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10) shall be mounted on the fire test room ceiling in the designated area (see Annex J). The specimens shall be mounted in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. The specimens 5, 6 and 7 shall be mounted in the least sensitive orientation for smoke and the specimens 8, 9 and 10 in the least sensitive orientation for CO relative to an assumed airflow from the centre of the room to the specimen.
Each specimen shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment, as described in 5.1.2, and shall be allowed to stabilize in its quiescent condition before the start of each test
5.5.1.3.4 Initial conditions
Before each test fire the room shall be ventilated with clean air until it is free from smoke and so that the conditions listed below can be obtained.
The ventilation system shall then be switched off and all doors, windows and other openings shall be closed. The air in the room shall then be allowed to stabilize, and the following conditions shall be obtained before the test is started:
5.5.1.3.5 Recording of the fire parameters and response values
During each test fire the following fire parameters shall be recorded continuously or at least once per second.
The alarm signal given by the supply and monitoring equipment shall be taken as the indication that a specimen has responded to the test fire.
5.5.1.4 Requirements
All six specimens shall generate an alarm signal, in each test fire, before the specified end of test condition is reached.
5.6 Durability of nominal activation conditions/sensitivity 5.6.1 Temperature resistance 5.6.1.1 Dry heat (operational)
5.6.1.1.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to function correctly at high ambient temperatures appropriate to the anticipated service environment.
5.6.1.1.2 Test procedure
The specimen to be tested shall be installed in the smoke tunnel described in Annex A, in its least sensitive orientation for smoke, with an initial air temperature of (23 ± 5) °C, and shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment.
The air temperature in the smoke tunnel shall then be increased to (55 ± 2) °C, at a rate not exceeding 1 K min-1, and maintained at this temperature for 2 h.
The smoke response value shall then be measured as described in 5.1.5 but with the temperature at (55 ± 2) °C.
The greater of the smoke response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated ymax or mmax, and the lesser shall be designated ymin or mmin.
After this, the specimen to be tested shall be installed in the gas test chamber described in Annex D, in its least sensitive orientation, with an initial air temperature of (23 ± 5) °C, and shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment.
The gas test chamber shall be installed in a climatic chamber and the air temperature in the gas test chamber shall then be increased to (55 ± 2) °C, at a rate not exceeding 1 Kmin-1, and maintained at this temperature for 2 h.
5.6.1.2 Dry heat (endurance)
5.6.1.2.1 Test procedure
5.6.1.2.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in and EN 60068-2-2:2007. Tests for non heat- dissipating specimens (i.e. Tests Ba or Bb) will be applicable. Test Ba (with sudden changes in temperature) may be used, to improve test economy, if it is known that the sudden change in temperature will not be detrimental to the specimen.
5.6.1.2.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 but shall be not supplied with power during the conditioning.
5.6.1.2.2.3 Conditioning
The following conditioning shall be applied:
5.6.1.2.2.4 Final measurements
After a recovery period, of between 1 h and 2 h in standard laboratory conditions, the CO response threshold value shall be measured as described in 5.1.6.
The greater of the CO response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Smax and the lesser shall be designated Smin.
The heat response value of the specimen shall be tested as specified in 5.1.7 at a rate of rise of air temperature of 20 K/min at the upper and lower limits of the supply parameter (e.g. voltage) range(s) specified by the manufacturer.
The maximum heat response value shall be designated as Tmax; the minimum value as Tmin.
5.6.1.3 Cold (operational)
5.6.1.3.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to function correctly at low ambient temperatures appropriate to the anticipated service environment.
5.6.1.3.2 Test procedure
5.6.1.3.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-1:2007, Test Ab and as described below.
5.6.1.3.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.6.1.3.2.3 Conditioning
The specimen to be tested shall be installed in the gas test chamber described in Annex D, in its least sensitive orientation, with an initial air temperature of (23 ± 5) °C, and shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment.
The gas test chamber shall be installed in a climatic chamber and the air temperature in the gas test chamber shall then be decreased to (-10 ± 3) °C, at a rate not exceeding 1 Kmin-1, and maintained at this temperature for 16 h.
NOTE When decreasing the temperature in the climatic chamber, care needs to be taken to ensure that condensation does not occur on the detector.
5.6.1.3.2.4 Measurement during conditioning
The specimen under test shall be monitored for alarm or fault signals.
The CO response value shall be measured as specified in 5.1.6, except that the air temperature in the gas test chamber shall be (-10 ± 3) °C.
The greater of the CO response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated as Smax, the lesser as Smin .
5.6.1.3.2.5 Final measurements
After a recovery period of between 1 h and 2 h at standard atmospheric conditions (5.1.1), the smoke response value of the specimen shall be measured as described in 5.1.5.
5.6.2 Humidity resistance
5.6.2.1 Damp heat, cyclic (operational)
5.6.2.1.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to function correctly at high relative humidity, with condensation, which can occur for short periods in the anticipated service environment.
5.6.2.1.2 Test procedure
5.6.2.1.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-30:2005, using the Variant 1 test cycle and controlled recovery conditions, and as described below.
5.6.2.1.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen to be tested shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.6.2.1.2.3 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period to detect any alarm or fault signals.
5.6.2.1.2.5 Final measurements
After a recovery period of between 1 h and 2 h at standard atmospheric conditions (5.1.1), the smoke response value of the specimen shall be measured as described in 5.1.5.
The greater of the smoke response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated ymax or mmax, and the lesser shall be designated ymin or mmin.
The CO response value of the specimen shall be measured as described in 5.1.6.
The greater of the CO response threshold values measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Smax and the lesser shall be designated Smin.
Then the heat response value of the specimen shall be tested as specified in 5.1.7 at a rate of rise of air temperature of 20 K/min.
The greater of the heat response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Tmax, and the lesser shall be designated Tmin.
5.6.2.2 Damp heat, steady-state (endurance)
5.6.2.2.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to withstand the long term effects of humidity (e.g. changes in electrical properties of materials, chemical reactions involving moisture, galvanic corrosion, etc.) in the service environment.
5.6.2.2.2 Test procedure
5.6.2.2.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-78:2001 Test Cab, and as described below.
5.6.2.2.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 but shall be not supplied with power during the conditioning.
5.6.2.2.2.4 Final measurements
After a recovery period of between 1 h and 2 h at standard atmospheric conditions (5.1.1), the smoke response value of the specimen shall be measured as described in 5.1.5, the CO response threshold value shall be measured as described in 5.1.6 and the heat response value shall be measured as described in 5.1.7 at a rate of rise of air temperature of 20 K/min.
The greater of the smoke response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated ymax or mmax, and the lesser shall be designated ymin or mmin.
5.6.2.3 Damp heat, steady-state (operational)
5.6.2.3.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to function correctly at high relative humidity (without condensation) which may occur for short periods in the service environment.
5.6.2.3.2 Test procedure
5.6.2.3.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-78:2001, Test Cab and as described below.
5.6.2.3.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.6.2.3.2.3 Conditioning
The following conditioning shall be applied:
A saturated solution of potassium sulphate may be used to maintain the required relative humidity inside a sealed enclosure.
5.6.2.3.2.4 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period to detect any alarm or fault signals.
During the last hour of the conditioning period, the CO response value shall be measured as described in 5.1.5.
The greater of the CO response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Smax and the lesser shall be designated
5.6.2.3.2.5 Final measurements
After a recovery period of between 1 h and 2 h at the standard atmospheric conditions, the heat response value shall be measured as described in 5.1.7 at a rate of rise of air temperature of 20 K/min.
The greater of the heat response values measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated as Tmax and the lesser as Tmin.
5.6.2.4 Low humidity, steady-state (operational)
5.6.2.4.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to function correctly at low relative humidity which may occur for long periods in the service environment.
5.6.2.4.2 Test procedure
5.6.2.4.2.1 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen to be tested shall be installed in the gas test chamber described in Annex D or in a similar conditioning device and shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.6.2.4.2.2 Conditioning
NOTE The relative humidity specified for this test may be maintained using a saturated solution of lithium chloride inside a sealed enclosure.
5.6.2.4.2.3 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period to detect any alarm or fault signals and shall not be disconnected until the final measurements are completed.
During the last hour of the conditioning period, the CO response value shall be measured in the gas test chamber as described in 5.1.6.
The greater of the CO response value measured during conditioning in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test, shall be designated S1max and the lesser shall be designated S1min.
5.6.2.4.2.4 Final measurements
After a recovery period, of between 1 h and 2 h in standard laboratory conditions, the CO threshold value shall be measured as described in 5.1.6.
The greater of the CO response value measured after the recovery period in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test, shall be designated S2max, and the lesser shall be designated
5.6.3 Shock and vibration resistance 5.6.3.1 Shock (operational)
5.6.3.1.1 Object
To demonstrate the immunity of the detector to mechanical shocks which are likely to occur, albeit infrequently, in the anticipated service environment.
5.6.3.1.2 Test procedure
5.6.3.1.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-27:2009 Test Ea for a half sine wave pulse, but with the peak acceleration related to specimen mass as indicated below.
5.6.3.1.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 to a rigid fixture, and shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.6.3.1.2.3 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period and for a further 2 min to detect any alarm or fault signals.
5.6.3.1.2.4 Final measurements
After the conditioning the smoke response value of the specimen shall be measured as described in 5.1.5.
The greater of the smoke response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated ymax or mmax, and the lesser shall be designated ymin or mmin.
Then the CO response value shall be measured as described in 5.1.6.
The greater of the CO response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Smax and the lesser shall be designated Smin.
Then the heat response value of the specimen shall be tested as specified in 5.1.7 at a rate of rise of air temperature of 20 K/min.
The greater of the heat response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Tmax, and the lesser shall be designated Tmin.
a) 5.6.3.2 Impact (operational)
5.6.3.2.1 Object
To demonstrate the immunity of the detector to mechanical impacts upon its surface, which it may sustain in the normal service environment, and which it can reasonably be expected to withstand.
5.6.3.2.2 Test procedure
5.6.3.2.2.1 Apparatus
The test apparatus shall consist of a swinging hammer incorporating a rectangular-section aluminium alloy head (Aluminium alloy Al Cu4 Si Mg complying with ISO 209-1:1989, solution treated and precipitation treated condition) with the plane impact face chamfered to an angle of 60° to the horizontal, when in the striking position (i.e. when the hammer shaft is vertical). The hammer head shall be (50 ± 2,5) mm high, (76 ± 3,8) mm wide and (80 ± 4) mm long at mid height. A suitable apparatus is described in Annex I.
5.6.3.2.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be rigidly mounted to the apparatus by its normal mounting means and shall be positioned so that it is struck by the upper half of the impact face when the hammer is in the vertical position (i.e. when the hammerhead is moving horizontally). The azimuthal direction and position of impact, relative to the specimen shall be chosen as that most likely to impair the normal functioning of the specimen.
The specimen shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.6.3.2.2.3 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period and for a further 2 min to detect any alarm or fault signals.
5.6.3.2.2.4 Final measurements
After the conditioning the smoke response value of the specimen shall be measured as described in 5.1.5.
The greater of the smoke response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated ymax or mmax, and the lesser shall be designated ymin or mmin.
Then the CO response value shall be measured as described in 5.1.6.
The greater of the CO response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Smax and the lesser shall be designated Smin.
Then the heat response value of the specimen shall be tested as specified in 5.1.7 at a rate of rise of air temperature of 20 K/min.
The greater of the heat response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Tmax, and the lesser shall be designated Tmin.
5.6.3.3.1 Object
To demonstrate the immunity of the detector to vibration at levels considered appropriate to the normal service environment.
5.6.3.3.2 Test procedure
5.6.3.3.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-6:2008 Test Fc, and as described below.
5.6.3.3.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted on a rigid fixture as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2. The vibration shall be applied in each of three mutually perpendicular axes, in turn. The specimen shall be mounted so that one of the three axes is perpendicular to its normal mounting plane.
5.6.3.3.2.3 Conditioning
The vibration operational and endurance tests may be combined such that the specimen is subjected to the operational test conditioning followed by the endurance test conditioning in one axis before changing to the next axis. Only one final measurement need be made.
5.6.3.3.2.4 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period to detect any alarm or fault signals.
5.6.3.3.2.5 Final measurements
5.6.3.4.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to withstand the long term effects of vibration at levels appropriate to the service environment.
5.6.3.4.2 Test procedure
5.6.3.4.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-6:2008 Test Fc, and as described below.
5.6.3.4.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted on a rigid fixture as described in 5.1.3, but shall be not supplied with power during conditioning. The vibration shall be applied in each of three mutually perpendicular axes, in turn. The specimen shall be mounted so that one of the three axes is perpendicular to its normal mounting axis.
5.6.3.4.2.3 Conditioning
The following conditioning shall be applied: — Number of sweep cycles: 20 per axis
The vibration operational and endurance tests may be combined such that the specimen is subjected to the operational test conditioning followed by the endurance test conditioning in one axis before changing to the next axis. Only one final measurement need be made.
5.6.3.4.2.4 Final measurements
After the conditioning the smoke response value of the specimen shall be measured as described in 5.1.5.
The greater of the smoke response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated ymax or mmax, and the lesser shall be designated ymin or mmin.
Then the CO response value shall be measured as described in 5.1.6.
The greater of the CO response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Smax and the lesser shall be designated Smin.
Then the heat response value of the specimen shall be tested as specified in 5.1.7 at a rate of rise of air temperature of 20 K/min.
The greater of the heat response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Tmax, and the lesser shall be designated Tmin.
a) 5.6.4 Electrical stability
5.6.4.1 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Immunity tests (operational) 5.6.4.1.1 Object
Frequency range: Acceleration amplitude: Number of axes: Sweep rate:
(10 to 150) Hz 10 m s-2 (=1,0 gn) 3
1 octave min-1
To demonstrate the immunity against electromagnetic disturbances.
5.6.4.1.2 Test procedure
5.6.4.1.2.1 References
The EMC immunity tests shall be carried out, as described in EN 50130-4:2011.
5.6.4.1.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3. and shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.6.4.1.2.3 Final measurement
After the conditioning the smoke response value of the specimen shall be measured as described in 5.1.5.
5.6.4.1.3 Requirements
5.6.5 Resistance to chemical agents
5.6.5.1 Sulphur dioxide SO2 corrosion (endurance)
5.6.5.1.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to withstand the corrosive effects of sulphur dioxide as an atmospheric pollutant.
5.6.5.1.2 Test procedure 5.6.5.1.2.1 Reference
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in EN 60068-2-42:2003, Test Kc, except that the conditioning shall be as described below.
5.6.5.1.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3. It shall not be supplied with power during the conditioning, but it shall have untinned copper wires, of the appropriate diameter, connected to sufficient terminals, to allow the final measurement to be made, without making further connections to the specimen.
5.6.5.1.2.4 Final measurements
Immediately after the conditioning, the specimen shall be subjected to a drying period of 16 h at (40 ± 2) °C, < 50 % RH, followed by a recovery period of at least 1 h at the standard laboratory conditions. After this, the smoke response value of the specimen shall be measured as described in 5.1.5, the CO response value shall be measured as specified in 5.1.6 and then the heat response value shall be tested as specified in 5.1.7 at a rate of rise of air temperature of 20 K/min.
The greater of the smoke response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated ymax or mmax, and the lesser
5.6.5.1.3 Requirements
a) No alarm or fault signal, attributable to the endurance conditioning, is given on reconnection of the specimen.
5.6.5.2 Exposure to high level of carbon monoxide
5.6.5.2.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to respond appropriately when exposed to high levels of CO.
5.6.5.2.2 Test procedure
5.6.5.2.2.1 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen to be tested shall be installed in the gas test chamber described in Annex D and shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.6.5.2.2.2 Conditioning
The specimen shall be subjected to an atmosphere containing (500 ± 100) ^l/l carbon monoxide for a period of 1 h.
5.6.5.2.2.3 Measurement during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored to detect any alarm or fault signals;
Five minutes before the end of the conditioning the specimen shall be reset in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
5.6.5.2.2.4 Final measurements
After a recovery period of 1 h at the standard laboratory conditions if the specimen is in fault or alarm condition, it shall be reset a second time in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Unless the detector is in an alarm or fault condition after this reset, the CO response value shall be measured as described in 5.1.6.
The greater the CO response value measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Smax and the lesser shall be designated Smin.
5.6.5.2.3.1 Detectors which generate an alarm
For detectors which generate an alarm during the conditioning period:
5.6.5.2.3.2 Detectors which generate a fault
For detectors which generate a fault during the conditioning period:
5.6.5.2.3.3 Detectors which generate neither fault nor alarm
5.6.5.3 Exposure to chemical agents at environmental concentrations (endurance)
5.7 Non-response to single fire phenomena 5.7.1 Sensitivity to smoke
5.7.2 Sensitivity to carbon monoxide
5.7.3.2.1 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen to be tested shall be installed in the heat tunnel described in Annex E and shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.

6 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP)
6.1 General
The compliance of the point detector using a combination of smoke, carbon monoxide and optionally heat sensors with the requirements of this Standard and with the performances declared by the manufacturer in the DoP shall be demonstrated by:
— determination of product type,
— factory production control by the manufacturer, including product assessment.
The manufacturer shall always retain the overall control and shall have the necessary means to take responsibility for the conformity with its declared performance(s).
6.2 Type testing
6.3 6.2.1 General
All performances related to characteristics included in this standard shall be determined when the manufacturer intends to declare the respective performances unless the standard gives provisions for declaring them without performing tests. (e.g. use of previously existing data, CWFT and conventionally accepted performance).
Assessment previously performed in accordance with the provisions of this standard, may be taken into account provided that they were made to the same or a more rigorous test method, under the same AVCP system on the same product or products of similar design, construction and functionality, such that the results are applicable to the product in question.
NOTE Same AVCP system means testing by an independent third party under the responsibility of a notified product certification body.
For the purpose of assessment manufacturer’s products may be grouped into families where it is considered that the results for one or more characteristics from any one product within the family are representative for that same characteristics for all products within that same family
Products may be grouped in different families for different characteristics.
Reference to the assessment method standards should be made to allow the selection of a suitable representative sample.
In addition, the determination of the product type shall be performed for all characteristics included in the standard for which the manufacturer declares the performance:
— at the beginning of the production of a new or modified point detector using a combination of smoke, carbon monoxide and optionally heat sensors (unless a member of the same product range), or
— at the beginning of a new or modified method of production (where this may affect the stated properties); or
they shall be repeated for the appropriate characteristic(s), whenever a change occurs in the design of the point detector using a combination of smoke, carbon monoxide and optionally heat sensors, in the raw material or in the supplier of the components, or in the method of production (subject to the definition of a family), which would affect significantly one or more of the characteristics.
Where components are used whose characteristics have already been determined, by the component manufacturer, on the basis of assessment methods of other product standards, these characteristics need not be re-assessed. The specifications of these components shall be documented.
Products bearing regulatory marking in accordance with appropriate harmonized European specifications may be presumed to have the performances declared in the DoP, although this does not replace the responsibility on the manufacturer to ensure that the point detector using a combination of smoke, carbon monoxide and optionally heat sensors as a whole is correctly manufactured and its component products have the declared performance values.

Smoke tunnel for smoke response values
The following specifies those properties of the smoke tunnel which are of primary importance for making repeatable and reproducible measurements of smoke response values of detectors. However, since it is not practical to specify and measure all parameters which can influence the measurements, the background information in Annex Q should be carefully considered and taken into account when a smoke tunnel is designed and used to make measurements in accordance with this standard.
The smoke tunnel shall have a horizontal working section containing a working volume. The working volume is a defined part of the working section where the air temperature and air flow are within the required test conditions. Conformance with this requirement shall be regularly verified under static conditions, by measurements at an adequate number of points distributed within and on the imaginary boundaries of the working volume. The working volume shall be large enough to fully enclose the detector to be tested and the sensing parts of the measuring equipment. The working section shall be designed to allow the dazzling apparatus described in Annex H to be inserted. The detector to be tested shall be mounted in its normal operating position on the underside of a flat board aligned with the airflow in the working volume. The board shall be of such dimensions that the edge(s) of the board are at least 20 mm from any part of the detector. The detector mounting arrangement shall not unduly obstruct the air flow between the board and the tunnel ceiling.
Means shall be provided for creating an essentially laminar air flow at the required velocities (i.e. (0,2 ± 0,04)
-1 -1
m s or (1,0 ± 0,2) m s ) through the working volume. It shall be possible to control the temperature at the required values and to increase the temperature at a rate not exceeding 1 K min-1 to 55°C.
Both aerosol density measurements, m and y, shall be made in the working volume in the proximity of the detector.
Means shall be provided for the introduction of the test aerosol such that a homogeneous aerosol density is obtained in the working volume.
Only one detector shall be mounted in the tunnel, unless it has been demonstrated that measurements made simultaneously on more than one detector are in close agreement with measurements made by testing detectors individually. In the event of a dispute the value obtained by individual testing shall be accepted.
Test aerosol for smoke response value measurements
A polydisperse aerosol shall be used as the test aerosol. The maximum of the aerosol mass distribution shall correspond to particle diameters between 0,5 ^m and 1 ^m with the refractive index of the aerosol particles of approximately 1,4.
The test aerosol shall be reproducible and stable with regard to the following parameters:
C.1 Obscuration meter
The response threshold of detectors using scattered light or transmitted light is characterized by the absorbance index (extinction module) of the test aerosol, measured in the proximity of the detector, at the moment that it activates an alarm signal.
The absorbance index is designated m and given the units of decibels per metre (dB m-1). The absorbance index m is given by the following formula:
C.2 Measuring ionization chamber (MIC) C.2.1 General
The response threshold of detectors using ionization is characterized by a non dimensional quantity y which is derived from the relative change of the current flowing in a measuring ionization chamber, and which is related to the particle concentration of the test aerosol, measured in the proximity of the detector, at the moment that it activates an alarm signal.
C.2.2 Operating method and basic construction
The mechanical construction of the measuring ionization chamber is shown in Annex U.
The measuring device consists of a measuring chamber, an electronic amplifier and a method of continuously sucking in a sample of the aerosol or smoke to be measured.
The principle of operation of the measuring ionization chamber is shown in Figure C.1. The measuring chamber contains a measuring volume and a suitable means by which the sampled air is sucked in and passes the measuring volume in such a way that the aerosol/smoke particles diffuse into this volume. This diffusion is such that the flow of ions within the measuring volume is not disturbed by air movements.
The air within the measuring volume is ionized by alpha radiation from an americium radioactive source, such that there is a bipolar flow of ions when an electrical voltage is applied between the electrodes. This flow of ions is affected by the aerosol or smoke particles in a known manner. The relative variation in the current of ions is used as a measurement of the aerosol or smoke concentration.
The measuring chamber is so dimensioned and operated that the following relationships apply:

Gas test chamber for CO response threshold value and cross-sensitivity to chemical agents

Heat tunnel for heat response value
This annex specifies those properties of the heat tunnel that are of primary importance for making repeatable
and reproducible measurements of heat response threshold values (see 5.1.7). The information in Annex S
should be carefully considered and taken into account when designing the heat tunnel and using it to make
measurements in accordance with this standard.

Measuring instruments for CO

CO measuring instrument
The response threshold of CO fire detectors is characterized by the concentration of CO in air measured in the proximity of the detector, at the moment that it generates an alarm signal.
Establishing exposure levels of chemical agents
in 5.6.5.3.
G.2 Establishing concentration of chemical agents for test gases 1 to 9 of 5.6.5.3
G.3 Verification of test chamber leakage
G.4 Establishing concentration of ozone
Apparatus for dazzling test

Apparatus for impact test
The apparatus (see Figure I.1) consists essentially of a swinging hammer comprising a rectangular section head (striker), with a chamfered impact face, mounted on a tubular steel shaft. The hammer is fixed into a steel boss, which runs on ball bearings on a fixed steel shaft mounted in a rigid steel frame, so that the hammer can rotate freely about the axis of the fixed shaft. The design of the rigid frame is such as to allow complete rotation of the hammer assembly when the specimen is not present.
Fire test room
Open wood fire (TF1)