EN 54-10Fire detection and fire alarm systems – Part 10: Flame detectors – Point detectors
1.1
infrared (IR) detector
a flame detector responding only to radiation having wavelengths greater than 850 nm
1.2
ultra-violet (UV) detector
a flame detector responding only to radiation having wavelengths less than 300 nm
1.3
multiband detector
a flame detector having two or more sensing elements, each responding to radiation in a distinct wavelength range and each of whose outputs may contribute to the alarm decision
NOTE The alarm decision may be based on any arithmetic or logical combination of the individual signals.
1.4
sensitivity
a measure of the ability of a flame detector to detect fires
NOTE Sensitivity is not necessarily directly related to the response point.
1.5
detector classification
a classification of flame detectors to indicate their relative sensitivity to fire
NOTE Class 1 indicates the highest sensitivity and Class 3 the lowest sensitivity acceptable within this European standard.
1.6
response point
distance D, measured in accordance with 5.1.5, at which the individual flame detector under test gives an alarm signal
1.7 ,
sensitivity adjustment
any a djustment of the detector or of the alarm criteria within the supply and monitoring equipment (see 5.1.2) that leads to a change in sensitivity
4 General requirements
4.1 Compliance
In order to comply with this standard the detector shall meet the requirements of this clause, which shall be verified by visual inspection or engineering assessment, shall be tested as described in clause 5 and shall meet the requirements of the tests.
4.2 Classification
Detectors shall conform to one or more of the following classifications: Class 1, Class 2 or Class 3 according to the requirements of the tests specified in 5.5.
4.3 Individual alarm indication
Each detector shall be provided with an integral red visual indicator, by which the individual detector, which released an alarm, may be identified, until the alarm condition is reset. Where other conditions of the detector may be visually indicated, they shall be clearly distinguishable from the alarm indication, except when the detector is switched into a service mode. For detachable detectors the indicator may be integral with the base or the detector head.
4.4 Connection of ancillary devices
Where the detector provides for connections to ancillary devices (e.g. remote indicators, control relays etc.), open- or short-circuit failures of these connections shall not prevent the correct operation of the detector.
4.5 Monitoring of detachable detectors
For detachable detectors, a means shall be provided for a remote monitoring system (e.g. the control and indicating equipment) to detect the removal of the head from the base, in order to give a fault signal.
4.6 Manufacturer’s adjustments
It shall not be possible to change the manufacturer’s settings except by special means (e.g. the use of a special code or tool) or by breaking or removing a seal.
4.7 On-site sensitivity adjustment
If there is provision for on-site sensitivity adjustment of the detector then:
a) for each setting, at which the manufacturer claims compliance with this standard, the detector shall comply with the requirements of this standard and shall achieve a classification corresponding to that marked on the detector for that setting;
b) for each setting in a), access to the adjustment means shall only be possible by the use of a code or special tool or by removing the detector from its base or mounting;
c) any setting(s), at which the manufacturer does not claim compliance with this standard, shall only be accessible by the use of a code or special tool, and it shall be clearly marked on the detector or in the associated data, that if these setting(s) are used, the detector does not comply with the standard.
NOTE These adjustments may be carried out at the detector or at the control and indicating equipment.
4.8 Data
Detectors shall either be supplied with sufficient technical, installation and maintenance data to enable their correct installation and operation ‘ or, if all of these data are not supplied with each detector, reference to the appropriate data sheet shall be given on, or with each detector.
NOTE Additional information may be required by organisations certifying that detectors produced by a manufacturer conform to the requirements of this standard.
4.9 Additional requirements for software controlled detectors 4.9.1 General
For detectors which rely on software control in order to fulfil the requirements of this standard, the requirements of 4.9.2, 4.9.3 and 4.9.4 shall be met.
4.9.2 Software documentation
4.9.2.1 The manufacturer shall submit documentation which gives an overview of the software design. This documentation shall be in sufficient detail for the design to be inspected for compliance with this standard and shall include at least the following:
a) a functional description of the main program flow (e.g. as a flow diagram or structogram) including:
4.9.2.2 The manufacturer shall have available detailed design documentation, which only needs to be provided if required by the testing authority. It shall comprise at least the following:
4.9.3 Software design
In order to ensure the reliability of the detector, the following requirements for software design shall apply:
a) the software shall have a modular structure;
b) the design of the interfaces for manually and automatically generated data shall not permit invalid data to cause error in the program operation;
c) the software shall be designed to avoid the occurrence of deadlock of the program flow.
4.9.4 The storage of programs and data
The program necessary to comply with this standard and any preset data, such as manufacturer’s settings, shall be held in non-volatile memory. Writing to areas of memory containing this program and data shall only be possible by the use of some special tool or code and shall not be possible during normal operation of the detector.
Site-specific data shall be held in memory which will retain data for at least two weeks without external power to the detector, unless provision is made for the automatic renewal of such data, following loss of power, within 1 h of power being restored.
5 Tests 5.1 General
5.1.1 Atmospheric conditions for tests
Unless otherwise stated in a test procedure, the testing shall be carried out after the test specimen has been allowed to stabilize in the standard atmospheric conditions for testing as described in IEC 60068-1 as follows:
NOTE If variations in these parameters have a significant effect on a measurement, then such variations should be kept to a minimum during a series of measurements carried out as part of one test on one specimen.
5.1.2 Operating conditions for tests
If a test method requires a specimen to be operational, then the specimen shall be connected to suitable supply and monitoring equipment with characteristics as required by the manufacturer’s data. Unless otherwise specified in the test method, the supply parameters applied to the specimen shall be set within the manufacturer’s specified range(s) and shall remain substantially constant throughout the tests. The value chosen for each parameter shall normally be the nominal value, or the mean of the specified range. If a test procedure requires a specimen to be monitored to detect any alarm or fault signals, then connections shall be made to any necessary ancillary devices (e.g. through wiring to an end-of-line device for conventional detectors) to allow a fault signal to be recognised.
Unless otherwise specified in the test method, detectors having adjustable sensitivity shall be set to their highest sensitivity for the conditioning.
NOTE The details of the supply and monitoring equipment and the alarm criteria used should be given in the test report.
5.1.3 Mounting arrangements
The specimen shall be mounted by its normal means of attachment in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. If these instructions describe more than one method of mounting then the method considered to be most unfavourable shall be chosen for each test.
5.1.4 Tolerances
If a specific tolerance or deviation limit is not specified in a requirement or test procedure a deviation limit of ± 5 % shall be applied.
5.1.5 Determination of response point
5.1.5.1 Principle
The response point shall be measured by exposing the detector to the radiation from a suitable flame source and determining the greatest distance at which the detector will reliably produce an alarm condition within a time of 30 s.
5.1.5.2 Test apparatus
The test apparatus shall be as described in annex A.
The design and construction of the apparatus, and the surfaces surrounding the test area, shall be such that no significant radiation from the source reaches the detector apart from that which has passed through the aperture. (This means for example that there shall be no reflection of radiation from the walls or other parts of the apparatus, and no spurious radiation from hot flue gases or hot surfaces around the burner.)
Throughout this test method it is necessary to align the detector relative to its optical axis and to measure distances relative to the plane of the detector sensing element(s). If the detector does not have a well- defined optical axis then the manufacturer shall nominate an optical axis for the purposes of this test method. The position of this axis relative to an easily identifiable plane on the detector shall be noted in the test report.
Similarly, if the detector sensing elements do not lie in a well-defined plane then the manufacturer shall nominate a plane for the purposes of this test method. The position of this plane relative to an easily identifiable plane on the detector shall be noted in the test report.
5.1.5.3 Initial determination
A suitable area for the aperture shall be determined experimentally before the commencement of the test programme such that the response point of one detector, chosen at random from the specimens submitted for test, lies within the range 1300 mm to 1700 mm. The size and shape of the aperture used shall be recorded and shall be kept constant throughout the test programme. For detectors having adjustable sensitivity, and whose adjustment range covers more than one sensitivity class, it will be necessary to determine an appropriate aperture size for each sensitivity class of the detector.
5.1.5.4 Source stability
After determining a suitable aperture size, and before any determination of response points, the irradiance on the optical axis of the source shall be measured using the radiometer in accordance with A.5. This measurement shall be carried out with no modulation of the source and with the aperture unobstructed. The measured value of irradiance shall be recorded and used as a reference throughout the test programme to verify that the source radiance has not varied by more than 5 %.
5.1.6 Test procedure
The specimen shall be connected to its supply and indicating equipment and shall be allowed to stabilize for a period of 15 min or for a time specified by the manufacturer. During this stabilization period the specimen shall be shielded, using the shutter in accordance with A.3, from all sources of radiation which may affect the determination of the response point.
Before commencing any measurement of response point the burner shall be allowed to reach a stable working condition.
The distance of the specimen from the source shall be varied and at each distance the detector shall be exposed to the source for 30 s using the shutter. The response point D is the greatest distance, measured between the aperture and the plane of the specimen sensing element(s), at which the detector will reliably produce an alarm response within each 30 s exposure. If the detector response is known to be dependent on previous exposure to radiation then sufficient time shall be allowed before each exposure to ensure that previous exposures do not substantially affect the measurement of the response point.
For detectors having stochastic response behaviour each value of D shall come from at least six repetitions of each measurement, D beeing the mean value of these repetitions. Repetitions shall continue until an additional value changes the average value of D by less than 5 %.
5.1.7 Reduced functional tests ‘
Where the test procedure calls for a reduced functional test, the detector shall be exposed to a source of radiation which is sufficient to cause an alarm response from the detector. The nature of the source used and the duration of the exposure shall be appropriate to the product in question.
5.1.8 Provision for tests
The followi hall be provided for testing compliance with this part of EN 54:
a) for detachable detectors, eight heads and eight bases; for non-detachable detectors, eight specimens
b) the data required in 4.8.
The specimens shall be themselves representative of the manufacturer’s normal production with regard to their construction and calibration.
NOTE This implies that the mean response point of the eight specimens, found in the reproducibility test should also represent the production mean, and that the limits specified in the reproducibility test should also be applicable to the manufacturer’s production.
5.1.9 Test schedule
The detectors shall be tested according to the test schedule given in Table 1. After the reproducibility test the four specimens having the largest value of response point (at the highest sensitivity setting) shall be numbered 1 to 4 and the remainder shall be numbered 5 to 8.
5.2 Reproducibility
5.2.1 Object
To show that the response point of the detector does not vary unduly from specimen to specimen.
5.2.2 Test procedure
The response point of each of the test specimens shall be measured in accordance with 5.1.6 and each value of D shall be recorded. For detectors having adjustable sensitivity and whose range of adjustment covers more than one sensitivity class, the measurement shall be repeated for each marked class.
For each class setting, the highest value of D shall be designated Dmax, the lowest value of D shall be designated Dmin, and the mean value of D designated Dmean.
5.2.3 Requirements
For each class setting, the ratio Dmax:Dmean shall not be greater than 1,15 and the ratio Dmean:Dmin shall not be greater than 1,22.
5.3 Repeatability
5.3.1 Object
To show that the detector has a stable behaviour with respect to its response point even after a number of alarm conditions.
5.3.2 Test procedure
The response point of the specimen shall be measured in accordance with 5.1.6, six times. The maximum response point shall be designated Dmax and the minimum value designated Dmin.
5.3.3 Requirements
The ratio of the response points Dmax:Dmin shall not be greater than 1,14.
5.4 Directional dependence
5.4.1 Object
To show that the sensitivity of the detector is not unduly dependent on the direction of the radiation incident on the detector.
5.4.2 Test procedure
The detector shall be mounted on the optical bench with its optical axis coincident with the source optical axis as shown in Figure 1. The detector shall then be rotated through an angle a about an axis normal to the optical axis and passing through the point of intersection of the optical axis and the plane of the sensing element(s). The response point of the detector shall be measured for
5.5 Fire sensitivity
5.5.1 Object
To show that the detector has adequate sensitivity to fire as required for general application in fire detection systems for buildings, and to determine the sensitivity class(es) appropriate for the detector.
5.5.2 Test procedure
The test consists of exposing the detectors to the radiation from two types of test fire at known distances, d, to determine if the detectors are capable of producing an alarm signal within 30 s. The distance shall be chosen in accordance with the manufacturers specification for the intended class(es) of the detector (see 5.5.3.)
The eight specimens shall be mounted on a support with their optical axes in the horizontal plane and at a height of 1500 mm ± 200 mm. The horizontal angle of incidence, IH, as defined in Figure 2, shall be not greater than 5°. The detectors shall be connected to supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
The fire tray, containing n-heptane in accordance with C.1, shall be placed at a distance of 12 m from the plane of the detector sensing elements in an area where the fire will be unaffected by draughts. The area shall be free of radiation sources which may affect the response of the detectors to the test fire.
The detectors shall be shielded from radiation and shall be allowed to stabilize for at least 15 min or for a period specified by the manufacturer. The fuel shall be ignited and allowed to burn for at least 1 min. The shutter shall then be removed and the detectors exposed to the radiation from the fire for a period of 30 s. At the end of the 30 s period the detectors shall again be shielded from the fire radiation and the status of each detector recorded.
If all 8 specimens are in the alarm condition then the detector shall be deemed to respond to the test fire. If one or more of the specimens has failed to respond then the detector is deemed to have failed the test.
The procedure described above shall be repeated using the methylated spirit fire, in accordance with C.2, at a distance of 12 m.
If the manufacturer specifies class 2, the complete procedure shall be repeated with the distance between the fire and the detectors of 17 m. If the manufacturer specifies class 1, the complete procedure shall be repeated with the distance between the fire and the detectors of 17 m and 25 m.
For detectors having adjustable sensitivity the above tests shall be carried out for the extreme sensitivity settings. If the range of adjustment covers more than one sensitivity class then the tests shall be performed for settings corresponding to each of the marked classes (see 4.7 a)).
5.5.3 Classification
If any specimen fails to respond to one or both fire types at a distance of 12 m, it shall not be classified.
At each tested setting for which the manufacturer claims compliance with this standard, the detector response shall be classified as Class 1, 2 or 3.
The detector shall attain classification 1, 2 or 3 (see 5.5.3).
For detectors having adjustable sensitivity, and for which the adjustment covers more than one sensitivity class, the sensitivity class determined at each setting shall correspond to that marked on the detector.
5.6 Dazzling (operational)
5.6.1 Object
To demonstrate the immunity of the detector to stray light generated by artificial light sources.
5.6.2 Test procedure and apparatus
5.6.2.1 General
The test procedure and apparatus described in 5.6.2.2 to 5.6.2.6 and annex D shall be used.
5.6.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted on the optical bench as described in 5.1.3. It shall be operational as described in 5.1.2.
5.6.2.3 Conditioning
The specimen shall be allowed to stabilize for 1 h in a darkened room. The specimen shall then be exposed to the light source as follows:
a) incandescent light (modulated) 20 times 1 s on, 1 s off, followed by
b) incandescent light (continuous) 2 h
Modulation of the lamps shall be achieved by switching on and off the electrical supply.
5.6.2.4 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored to detect any alarm or fault signal during conditioning.
5.6.2.5 Final measurement (light source on)
Immediately after the continuous exposure (see 5.6.2.3 b), and with the light source still on, the response point shall be determined in accordance with 5.1.6.
The greater of the response points measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Dmax and the lesser shall be designated
5.6.2.6 Final measurement (light source off)
Immediately after the completion of the measurement in 5.6.2.5 the light source shall be switched off and the specimen allowed to recover for a period of 5 min. At the end of the recovery period the response point shall be determined in accordance with 5.1.6.
The greater of the response points measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Dmax and the lesser shall be designated Dmin.
5.6.3 Requirements
5.7 Dry heat (operational)
5.7.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to withstand a high ambient temperature appropriate to its application.
5.7.2 Test procedure and apparatus
5.7.2.1 General
The test procedure and apparatus shall be as required by IEC 60068-2-2:1974 Test Ba or Bb, and by 5.7.2.2 to 5.7.2.4.
5.7.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.7.2.3 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period to detect any alarm or fault signals. During the last thirty minutes of the conditioning the specimen shall be subjected to the reduced functional test in accordance with 5.1.7.
5.7.2.4 Final measurements
After the recovery period of at least 1 hour at standard laboratory conditions the response point of the specimen shall be measured in accordance with 5.1.6.
The greater of the response points measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Dmax and the lesser shall be designated Dmin.
5.7.3 Requirements
No alarm or fault signals shall be given during the transition to the conditioning temperature or during the conditioning.
The specimen shall give an alarm signal in response to the reduced function test. The ratio Dmax:Dmin shall be not greater than 1,26.
5.8 Cold (operational)
5.8.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to function correctly at low ambient temperatures appropriate to the anticipated service temperature.
5.8.2 Test procedure and apparatus
5.8.2.1 General
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as required by IEC 60068-2-1:1990 Test Ab, and by 5.8.2.2 to 5.8.2.4.
5.8.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
5.8.2.3 Conditioning
The following conditioning shall be applied: Temperature (-10 ± 3) °C Duration 16 h
5.8.2.4 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period to detect any alarm or fault signals. During the last thirty minutes of the conditioning the specimen shall be subjected to the reduced functional test in accordance with 5.1.7.
5.8.2.5 Final measurements
After the recovery period of at least 1 hour at standard laboratory conditions the response point of the specimen shall be measured in accordance with 5.1.6.
The greater of the response points measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Dmax and the lesser shall be designated Dmin.
5.8.3 Requirements
No alarm or fault signals shall be given during the transition to the conditioning temperature, or during the conditioning.
The specimen shall give an alarm signal in response to the reduced functional test. The ratio Dmax:Dmin shall be not greater than 1,26.
5.9 Damp heat, cyclic (operational)
5.9.1 Object
To demonstrate the immunity of the detector to an environment with high relative humidity where condensation may occur on the equipment.
5.9.2 Test procedure and apparatus
5.9.2.1 General
The test apparatus and procedures shall be as required by IEC 60068-2-30:1980 using the Variant 1 test cycle and controlled recovery conditions and by 5.9.2.2 to 5.9.2.4.
5.9.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2.
NOTE Any self-test feature intended to monitor the transmission of the detector window may be disabled during this test.
5.9.2.3 Conditioning
The following severity of conditioning shall be applied: Temperature (40 ± 2) °C
Number of cycles: 2
5.9.2.4 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored to detect any alarm or fault signal during the conditioning.
During the last thirty minutes of the high temperature phase of the last cycle the detector shall be subjected to the reduced functional test described in 5.1.7.
5.9.2.5 Final measurements
After the recovery period of at least 1 hour at standard laboratory conditions the response point of the specimen shall be measured in accordance with 5.1.6.
The greater of the response points measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Dmax and the lesser shall be designated Dmin.
5.9.3 Requirements
No alarm or fault signals shall be given during the transition to the conditioning temperature or during the conditioning.
The specimen shall give an alarm signal in response to the reduced functional test. The ratio Dmax:Dmin shall be not greater than 1,26.
5.10 Damp heat, steady state (endurance)
5.10.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to withstand the long term effects of humidity in the service environment (e.g. changes in electrical properties of materials, chemical reactions involving moisture, galvanic corrosion etc.).
5.10.2 Test procedure and apparatus
5.10.2.1 General
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in IEC 60068-2-56:1988 Test Cb, and as described in
5.10.2.2 to 5.10.2.4.
5.10.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 but shall not be supplied with power during the conditioning.
5.10.2.3 Conditioning
The following conditioning shall be applied: Temperature (40 ± 2) °C
Relative Humidity (93 ± 3) % Duration 21 days
5.10.2.4 Final measurements
After the recovery period of at least 1 hour at standard laboratory conditions the response point of the specimen shall be measured in accordance with 5.1.6.
The greater of the response points measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Dmax and the lesser shall be designated Dmin.
5.10.3 Requirements
The ratio Dmax:Dmin shall be not greater than 1,26.
5.11 Sulfur dioxide (SO2) corrosion (endurance) 5.11.1 Object
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to withstand the corrosive effects of sulphur dioxide as an atmospheric pollutant.
5.11.2.1 General
(25 ± 2) °C
Relative humidity (93 ± 3) % SO2 concentration (25 ± 5) ppm Duration 21 days
5.11.2.4 Final measurements
Immediately after conditioning, the specimen shall be subjected to a drying period of 16 h at 40 °C and not more than 50 % relative humidity, followed by a recovery period of 1 h to 2 h at the standard laboratory conditions. After this recovery period the response point of the specimen shall be measured in accordance with 5.1.6.
The greater of the response points measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Dmax and the lesser shall be designated Dmin.
5.11.3 Requirements
The ratio Dmax:Dmin shall be not greater than 1,26.
5.12 Shock (operational) 5.12.1 Object
To demonstrate the immunity of the detector to mechanical shocks, which are likely to occur, albeit infrequently, in the anticipated service environment.
For specimens with a mass < 4,75 kg the following conditioning shall be applied: Shock
Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period and for a further 2 min to
No alarm or fault signal shall be given during the conditioning period or the additional 2 min. The ratio Dmax:Dmin shall be not greater than 1,26.
5.13 Impact (operational)
5.13.1 Object
To demonstrate the immunity of the detector to mechanical impacts upon its surface, which it may sustain in the normal service environment, and which it can reasonably be expected to withstand.
5.13.2 Test procedure and apparatus 5.13.2.1 Apparatus
The test apparatus shall consist of a swinging hammer incorporating a rectangular-section aluminium alloy head (Aluminium alloy Al Cu4 Si Mg complying with ISO 209-1, solution treated and precipitation treated condition) with the plane impact face chamfered to an angle of 60° to the horizontal, when in the striking position (i.e. when the hammer shaft is vertical). The hammer head shall be (50 ± 2,5) mm high, (76 ± 3,8) mm wide and (80 ± 4) mm long at mid height as shown in Figure E.1. A suitable apparatus is described in annex E.
The specimen shall be rigidly mounted to the apparatus by its normal mounting means as in 5.1.3, and shall be positioned so that it is struck by the upper half of the impact face when the hammer is in the vertical position (i.e. when the hammerhead is moving horizontally). The azimuthal direction and position of impact, relative to the specimen, shall be chosen as that most likely to impair the normal functioning of the specimen. The specimen shall be
Number of impacts 1
5.13.2.4 Measurements during conditioning
The specimen shall be monitored during the conditioning period and for a further 2 min to detect any alarm or fault signals.
5.13.2.5 Final measurements
The response point of the specimen shall be measured in accordance with 5.1.6.
The greater of the response points measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Dmax and the lesser shall be designated Dmin.
5.13.3 Requirements
No alarm or fault signals shall be given during the conditioning period or the additional 2 min. The ratio of the response points Dmax:Dmin shall not be greater than 1,26.
5.14 Vibration, sinusoidal, (operational) 5.14.1 Object
To demonstrate the immunity of the detector to vibration at levels considered appropriate to the normal service environment.
5.14.2 Test procedure and apparatus
5.14.2.1 General
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in IEC 60068-2-6:1995 Test Fc, and as described in
5.14.2.2 to 5.14.2.5.
The specimen shall be mounted on a rigid fixture as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to its supply and monitoring equipment as described in 5.1.2. The vibration shall be applied in each of three mutually perpendicular axes, in turn. The specimen shall be mounted so that one of the three axes is perpendicular to its normal mounting plane.
5.14.2.3 Conditioning
To demonstrate the ability of the detector to withstand the long term effects of vibration at levels appropriate to the service environment.
5.15.2.1 General
The test apparatus and procedure shall be as described in IEC 60068-2-6:1995 Test Fc, and as described in
5.15.2.2 to 5.15.2.4.
5.15.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
10 Hz to 150 Hz 10 m s-2 (*1,0 gn)
3
1 octave min-1 20
The specimen shall be mounted on a rigid fixture as described in 5.1.3, but shall not be supplied with power during conditioning. The vibration shall be applied in each of three mutually perpendicular axes, in turn. The specimen shall be mounted so that one of the three axes is perpendicular to its normal mounting axis.
5.15.2.3 Conditioning
The response point of the specimen shall be measured in accordance with 5.1.6.
The greater of the response points measured in this test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Dmax and the lesser shall be designated Dmin.
5.15.3 Requirements
The ratio of the response points Dmax:Dmin shall not be greater than 1,26.
5.16 Variation in supply parameters (operational) 5.16.1 Object
To show that, within the specified range(s) of the supply parameters (e.g. voltage), the response point of the detector is not unduly dependent on these parameters.
The response point of the specimen shall be measured in accordance with 5.1.6 at the upper and lower limits of the supply parameters (e.g. voltage) range specified by the manufacturer.
NOTE For conventional detectors the supply parameter is the dc voltage applied to the
5.17 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Immunity tests (operational)
5.17.1 Object
To demonstrate the immunity of the detector to electromagnetic disturbances considered appropriate to the normal service environment.
5.17.2 Test procedure and apparatus
5.17.2.1 General
The following EMC immunity tests shall be carried out, using the apparatus and procedures as described in EN 50130-4:
a) Electrostatic discharge2);
b) Radiated electromagnetic fields;
c) Conducted disturbances induced by electromagnetic fields;
d) Fast transient bursts;
e) Slow high energy voltage surges.
5.17.2.2 State of the specimen during conditioning
The specimen shall be mounted as described in 5.1.3 and shall be connected to supply and
For each of the tests a) to e) the greater of the response points measured in the test and that measured for the same specimen in the reproducibility test shall be designated Dmax and the lesser shall be designated
Dmin.
5.17.3 Requirements
For each test a) to e) the criteria for compliance specified in EN 50130-4 shall apply and the ratio Dmax:Dmin shall not be greater than 1,26.
6 Marking
Each detector shall be clearly marked with, or supplied with, the following information:
For detachable detectors, the detector head shall be marked with at least a), b), c), d) and e), and the base shall be marked with at least b), c) (i.e. its own model designation) and f).
Where any marking on the device uses symbols or abbreviations not in common use then these shall be explained in the data supplied with the device.
The marking shall be visible during installation of the detector and shall be accessible during maintenance. The markings shall not be placed on screws or other easily removable parts.
Annexe A
(normative)
Annex A Apparatus for response point determination
A.1 Optical bench
The apparatus uses an optical bench to allow the distance between the source and the detector to be adjusted while maintaining the relative alignment of the optical axes of the source and the detector. In order to allow for variations in response point the bench shall have an effective working length of at least 2,5 m.
The mounting stands used for the specimen and for other parts of the test equipment shall be constrained to move in a direction parallel to the axis of the bench. Means shall be provided to measure the distances between the individual bench-mounted items to an accuracy of ± 10 mm.
The detector mounting stand shall allow adjustment of the height and orientation of the detector such that its optical axis can be made coincident with the source optical axis. The detector mounting stand shall also allow the detector to be rotated about its optical axis and, independently, about a second axis perpendicular to the optical axis, and passing through the point of intersection of the optical axis and the plane of the detector sensing element(s). Means shall be provided to measure the angular rotations with an accuracy of ± 5°.
An example of a suitable optical bench arrangement is shown in Figure A.1.
A.2 Radiation source
The radiation shall be produced by a gas burner, burning methane of not less than 98 % purity, whose flame gives a stable (flicker-free) radiation output in the wavelength band in which the detector under test is intended to operate. The flicker in these bands shall be measured using an appropriate method. The root mean square (RMS) amplitude modulation of the radiation shall not exceed 5 %.
The effective radiation output shall be set by an aperture placed in front of the flame in such a position that the complete area of the aperture is filled by the flame when viewed from any allowable position of the detector under test. For the purposes of this test method the aperture shall be considered as the source of radiation. The perpendicular axis through the centre of the aperture shall be considered to be the optical axis of the source.
A gas burner suitable for use as a source is described in annex B.
A.3 Shutter
A shutter shall be provided such that the specimen can be shielded from the radiation source. The shutter shall allow the duration of the exposure of the detector to the source to be controlled with an accuracy of ± 2 s.
A.4 Modulator
The radiation from the source shall be modulated by suitable means (e.g. a rotating chopper disc) to provide the form of modulation specified by the manufacturer for the detector under test. The modulation frequency specified may be zero. If the manufacturer does not specify the modulation then measurements shall be carried out on a specimen chosen at random to determine the frequency corresponding to the peak of the detector’s response. This frequency shall be noted and used for all subsequent measurements.
Key
A.5 Radiometer
A radiometer shall be provided to monitor the irradiance produced by the source. The sensitive element of the radiometer shall be positioned at a point on the source optical axis at a distance in the range 1400 mm to 1600 mm from the aperture. The radiometer shall be fitted on a stand on the optical bench such that the distance from the aperture can be set within the specified range with a repeatability of ± 5 mm.
The wavelength response of the radiometer shall be appropriate to the detector under test and may be specified by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer does not specify a wavelength range then the radiometer shall respond to radiation only in the range 4,0 |im to 4,8 |im for IR detectors and 160 nm to 280 nm for UV detectors.